[ Tang] Bai Juyi
Gushan Temple is located in the north of Jiating, and the water level is flat, and the feet of clouds are low.
Several early warblers are vying for warm trees, and whose new swallow pecks at spring mud.
Flowers are getting more and more attractive, and shallow grass can lose its horseshoe .. Ming Chengfu was renamed Guanghua in Song Dynasty. Gushan: It is between the inner and outer lakes of the West Lake, so it is called Gushan because it is not connected with other mountains. There is an Gushan Pavilion on it, which overlooks the panoramic view of the West Lake.
2. Jia Pavilion: also known as Jia Gongting, one of the scenic spots of the West Lake, was built by Jia Quan in Tang Dynasty. In Tang Zhenyuan (785-84 AD), Jia Zhen. The pavilion reached the end of the Tang Dynasty.
3. The water level was flat: the lake rose at the beginning in spring, and the water level just leveled the shore of the lake. Chu: used as an adverb in ancient Chinese, it is often used to express time.
4. The cloud foot is low, which means that the clouds are hung low and seem to be connected with the lake. Point out the starting point and path of the spring outing, and try to describe the scenery of the lake. Cloud foot: the cloud near the ground. It is more common when the rain or rain stops at the beginning. The original meaning of "feet" refers to the organs where people and animals walk. Here, it refers to the drooping clouds.
5. Early warbler: oriole who comes early in early spring, sings sweetly.
6. Fighting to warm trees: competing to fly to sunny branches. Warm trees: sunny trees. Lively and moving. Focus on birds. < P > 9. Random flowers: numerous flowers. Gradually: adverbs, gradually. Desire: adverbs, will, will. Charming eyes: dazzling. 1. Shallow grass: spring grass that has just grown out of the ground and is not too high. Talent: just enough. No: covered, covered. Spring outing. Full of spring, with emphasis on flowers and plants.
11. Hudong: taking the isolated mountain as a reference. Insufficient travel: never tired of traveling.
12. Sufficient: satisfying
13. Yin: the same as "shade", which means shade.
14. Baisha dike: now Bai Causeway, also known as sand dike and broken bridge dike. The poem ends with Bai Causeway, a green poplar in the east of the lake, and expresses deep affection with "favorite".
From the north of Gushan Temple to the west of Jiating, the spring water on the lake is just parallel to the river bank, and the clouds are lingering on the water in a low level.
Several early Oriole are competing to fly to the warm trees under the sunrise, and I don't know who has just returned from the south to build a new nest with spring mud in their mouths.
Shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery on the east side of the West Lake best, but I'm never satisfied with it. The whole poem of Baishadi under the shade of green poplar
takes the word "travel" as a clue, starting from Gushan Temple and ending at Baishadi. Focusing on the word "spring", I write the joy that the beautiful scenery in early spring brings to tourists. Especially in the middle four sentences, there are people in the scene. It is unconventional and innovative to say that "shallow grass can have no horseshoes". From the structural point of view, the transition from describing the scenery around Gushan Temple to describing the scenery around Baishadi is very natural. It not only depicts the beautiful spring scenery of the West Lake and the vitality of everything in the world under the bath of spring scenery, but also intoxicated the poet himself with this beautiful scenery. Unconsciously, I was deeply infected and moved by the author's enthusiasm for spring and life.
"The Gushan Temple is north of Jiating West, and the water level is low at the beginning." The first sentence of the poem is the location, and the second sentence is the vision. The Gushan Mountain is located between the back lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, with overlapping peaks and green mountains, and there are Gushan Temple on it, which is beautiful for climbing and viewing. Jiating, also known as Jia Gong. Hangers call it Jiagong Pavilion, which was not abandoned after 5 or 6 years. Zhenyuan is the title of Tang Dezong, from 78 to 85. When Bai Juyi wrote this poem, its pavilion was still there, which is also a scenic spot in the West Lake. Bai Juyi first came to the north of Gushan Temple and the west bank of Jiagong Pavilion. Looking around, I saw spring water rippling, clouds hanging low and lakes and mountains. Have a panoramic view. "Chuping" expresses Bai Juyi's unique feeling about the West Lake in spring. Because of the continuous spring rain, the lake today looks much higher than in winter, and it seems that it will be flat with the line of sight. This feeling that the water surface is flat with the line of sight can only be felt by people facing the vast waters, and it is also a feeling that can be written by people who have a deep understanding and love of the West Lake. At the moment, The calm water under his feet and the drooping clouds in the sky constitute a quiet ink-and-wash picture of the West Lake. While the poet silently watched the virgin charm of the West Lake, there were crisp birdsongs in his ears, which broke his meditation, so he took his sight back from the junction of water and clouds. Therefore, I found myself in a beautiful world full of spring.
Second, A Journey to Qiantang Lake vividly depicts the beautiful scenery that the poet saw when he walked around the West Lake in early spring, and it is a hymn to the beautiful scenery of the West Lake and its beautiful spring days. The first verse of the poem always focuses on the lake, and the previous sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the "uneven view of the building" around it, and the two place names are used together, which also gives readers a sense of movement. While watching, the latter sentence is written on the front: the spring water rises at the beginning, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake. The couplets write that birds, warblers and swallows are singing and dancing, showing the vitality of spring. Oriole and Swallows are both messengers of spring, and Oriole spread the spring back to the world with their fluent singing voices. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, and inspire people to start their work in spring, and write the vitality of early spring. The word "several places" outlines Yingge's different response and the poet's mode of seeking sound left and right. The question of "whose home" also shows the poet's delicate psychological activities and makes readers have rich associations. The necklaces write about the flowers and plants they see. Because it is early spring, it has not yet reached the blooming season. The word "chaos" is used to describe a cluster of flowers in the west. The spring grass has not grown luxuriantly, only it is not as long as a horseshoe, so it is described by a word "shallow". The "gradual desire" and "talent" in this association are the feelings and judgments of the poet's observation and appreciation, which makes the objective natural scenery turn into the scenery in the eyes with the poet's subjective feelings, which makes the readers infected. Describe the flourishing trend of flowers and plants with chaos, shallowness, gradual desire and talent. This accurately and vividly reveals the early spring weather that the poet enjoys while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. The former poet Xie Lingyun's sentence "Spring grass grows in the pond, and the garden willows turn into songbirds" ("Going upstairs in the pond") is wonderful from ancient times to modern times, and it is precisely because he wrote the season. It's just that the white poems are spread more widely. The tail couplet slightly writes about the poet's favorite hudong sandy beach. Bai Causeway runs through Qiantang Lake, in the east of the lake, which can command the victory of the whole lake. I saw the green poplar shade, the flat and slender white sand embankment lying in the blue waves, and the people riding horses on the embankment are weaving, enjoying the beauty of spring. The poet is in the meantime, enjoying the beauty of lakes and mountains, relaxed and happy. With "Line" Concentrated and full feelings give readers endless aftertaste.
Three sentences, "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose new swallow pecks at the spring mud. Flowers are getting more and more attractive, and shallow grass can lose horseshoes." These four sentences are the core part of Bai Juyi's poem, which is also the most eye-catching sentence, and they are also the crowning touch of Bai Juyi's description of spring scenery, especially the description of the spring scenery of the West Lake. There are several places, and even many meanings. It reflects Bai Juyi's sincere love for these vibrant little lives: Oriole in the tree was busy grabbing the "warm tree" that saw the sun first in the morning, fearing that he would not catch up in a short time. The word "struggle" made people feel that spring is rare and precious. I don't know whose swallow is under the eaves. At this time, he is busy making a nest with mud and using a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited swallow. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, thus making the whole poem full of vitality and vitality of spring. Oriole is recognized as a spring singer, and listening to their tactfully singing voice makes people feel the charm of spring; Swallows are migratory birds. They returned to their hometown together with the spring, busy rebuilding their homes and welcoming a brand-new life. Watching them fly in and out to build their nests made people feel the beauty of life all the more. After anthropomorphizing the birds in the sky, Bai Juyi turned his attention to the vegetation under his feet. "Flowers are getting more and more attractive, but shallow grass can't have horseshoes." This is also a scene description with great emotional color and vitality. It fully shows Bai Juyi's careful observation of the object of description and his ability to accurately grasp its characteristics. Flowers are chaotic, even confusing the eyes of flower lovers. In other people's poems, this kind of writing is rare, and this unique feeling is Bai Juyi's personal experience when enjoying the scenery of the West Lake. Colorful flowers are blooming all over Shan Ye, and against the backdrop of lakes and mountains, they are in various poses, competing for each other. There is no way to tell the difference between the superior and the inferior. I just feel that my eyes are spent and I am fascinated by God. It's really beautiful and overwhelming. The phrase "flowers are getting more attractive" is to stop and look closely, while "shallow grass can't make horseshoes" is already riding an outing. On the lush and flowery West Lake, I am wandering freely with two or three friends. Slowly, I stepped on the green grass and set foot on the long Bai Causeway. The poet inadvertently caught a glimpse of the scene that horseshoes also rose and fell on the grass, and I couldn't help but write it into the poem. I didn't expect this random stroke to add much lively interest and elegant leisure to the whole poem. The famous aesthete belinsky once said, ". Beauty emanates from the depths of the soul. Because natural scenes cannot be absolutely beautiful, this beauty is hidden in the soul of the person who created or observed them. "Bai Juyi's Spring Trip to Qiantang Lake just illustrates this aesthetic appreciation truth. The whole poem describes Bai Juyi's love and admiration for the West Lake. Because the scenery of the West Lake is no matter how beautiful, it will be unsatisfactory, but in Bai Juyi's eyes, it is undoubtedly the most beautiful scenery in the world. Moreover, we are better at discovering and experiencing. Now, we often have the experience that visiting scenery is not as good as listening to scenery, or listening to friends' introductions, or in film and television scenery films. We can't help but feel infinite yearning in our hearts, but often once we are there, we feel far from being as beautiful as expected. This is because we can't look at natural landscapes with a vision of discovery and appreciation, but with a preconceived view that is too high or even somewhat. And how many people have witnessed the spring scenery of Xizi Lake? But in the end, we can only recite a few works by several great poets. Isn't it that the West Lake will show her amazing beauty like proud as a peacock only when a great writer like Su Dongpo comes? Birds in the West Lake can't "warm the trees" and "peck at the spring mud" until they meet the great poet Bai Juyi. In fact, no matter when and where, the West Lake is the most beautiful. Don't we also know the famous saying: "If you want to compare the West Lake with the West Lake, it is always appropriate to put on heavy makeup and light makeup." Bai Juyi has such a rare aesthetic appreciation, so that he can find its moving place in countless tourists of the West Lake and truly enjoy this paradise on earth given by nature. Bai Juyi didn't see many "early warblers" and "early birds" There are only "a few places" and only "whose home is it". If we were, we might feel sorry that we didn't go to "everywhere" and "every family" had swallows. I thought it would be nice to come ten days and a half later. But Bai Juyi didn't think so. There are few benefits. Because of the lack, it is the "early warbler" and the "new swallow" I'm afraid he won't be moved and intoxicated by these few spring herald, but he happily wrote this touching poem. Because of this, he can smell flowers and flowers, see the beauty of grass and grass, be distracted by all kinds of wild flowers dotted everywhere, and sigh and sigh for the grass without horseshoe. Think about it carefully, the grass without horseshoe is actually the most common, and it is not necessary to rush to Xizi Lake in spring to watch such lawn, but in our street green space. I'm afraid there is an eye-catching sign between us and the lawn: "Don't trample on the lawn", so the closeness between everything and nature becomes a serious warning in an instant. Nowadays, people in the city can be forgiven for ignoring or being indifferent to natural landscapes instead of artificial landscapes. However, Bai Juyi is lucky. Because he has a pair of eyes that discover beauty and spring, he will be in the beautiful scenery of the West Lake, so he can't help himself. Even linger: "I love the lack of eastbound lake, and the white sand embankment in the shade of green poplar." The white sand embankment, namely Bai Causeway, is also called sand embankment or broken bridge embankment. The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides, and Bai Causeway runs through it. In the east of the lake, it dominates the victory of the whole lake. When Bai Juyi was appointed as a historian in Hangzhou, he did build dikes to store water and irrigate people's fields, but his embankment was north of Qiantang Gate, but later generations often mistakenly took Bai Causeway as white. On the way to Hudong and Bai Causeway, I enjoyed singing and dancing in the beautiful scenery of the lake, enjoying the flowers and birds. Finally, I walked along the white sand embankment, under the shade of willows, and left reluctantly. My ears were still echoing with the hymn of spring played by all things in the world, and my heart involuntarily shed a song full of emotion. Bai Juyi's keen observation and experience of spring or beautiful things expressed in this poem is very common in many ancient poets. Only in this way can they, like Bai Juyi, be delighted to find it when they first came to the world in spring, and be moved by it, arouse their desire to create, write touching poems, and leave them with rich aesthetic enjoyment. Like Bai Juyi, it will not be because only a few Oriole sang in the tree.