Original poem:
"Spring Hope" Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
Explanation:
Chang' an fell and the country was broken, leaving only mountains and rivers; Spring has come, and Chang 'an, which is sparsely populated, has dense vegetation.
Sentimental state affairs, tears can't help splashing, birds are heart-pounding, which only increases sadness but not hatred.
The continuous war has lasted for more than half a year, and there are few letters from home. A letter is worth twelve thousand gold.
Worried, scratching my head, my white hair is getting shorter and shorter, and I can't insert it.
Extended data:
In July of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), Prince Hengli was located in Lingwu (present-day Ningxia), known as Su Zong in the world, and was renamed as De. Du Fu heard the news and went to Su Zong court alone. Unfortunately, he was captured by the rebels on the way, but he was not imprisoned because of his humble position. In the spring of the second year of Zhide, Du Fu, who was in the occupied area, witnessed the scene of depression in Chang 'an, and he had mixed feelings, so he wrote this masterpiece that will be told for generations.
"Petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sorrows." Flowers and birds are the most representative things in spring, which can make people feel pleasing to the eye. However, in the face of the broken capital, the poet doesn't know when the government troops will put down the rebellion and how his wife and children will live in the war ... All kinds of ideas are bothering him. How can he cry without flowers and be shocked by the smell of birds? This is naturally the result of the poet's empathy for things.
In the poem "Spring Hope", there are two poems that personify the poet's sadness about state affairs and his feelings for his family: Where are the tears going? And The lonely bird sings grief.
"After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold." The war continued, and I was so eager to hear from my relatives at home. What I wrote was the eagerness to hear from them for a long time, which was fascinating.
Using antithesis to write An Shi's rebellion is continuous, and it is difficult for poets to communicate with their families. At this time, a letter from home is extremely precious, which can surpass all gold and express the poet's deep affection for his family. In particular, "a letter from home is worth a ton of gold" wrote the long-awaited urgency of news isolation, which is the idea in everyone's heart and naturally makes people sing for it.
Facing the fallen mountains and rivers, a white-haired old man kept scratching his head and sighing because of anxiety and sadness. The old man's long hair in the past has been broken one by one, so short that he can't comb his bun or insert a hairpin. This detail described in the poem implicitly and profoundly shows the poet's feelings of worrying about his country and homesickness.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hope of Spring (Poems by Du Fu)