Wine luminous glass,
If you want to drink pipa, hurry up.
Don't laugh when you are drunk on the beach.
How many people fought in ancient times?
This is a famous sentence of frontier fortress in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This poem describes the scene of soldiers drinking and having fun in a bold style, which has a strong color of frontier fortress barracks.
The first sentence "luminous glass wine" means to lift the crystal luminous glass and fill it with deep red wine. "Wine" is wine brewed from grapes; "luminous cup" refers to a kind of glass made of white jade, which can shine at night. This sentence depicts a luxurious scene with colorful pens, which is full of western characteristics. The second sentence, "I want to drink the pipa at once", was about to drink heartily when suddenly there came the jingle of the pipa. Pipa is a popular musical instrument in the western regions, and poets use it to render the colors of the western regions. The word "urge" has different interpretations, some say it is to urge drinking, some say it is to urge people to go out to war, or it means to play in a hurry. Judging from the style of the whole poem, it is better to persuade people to drink.
Three or four sentences, "how many people fought in ancient times when they were drunk," are drunk toasts, that is, drunk is drunk. What's the point of getting drunk on the battlefield? Please don't laugh. How many people who fought in ancient times came back alive. There have always been many differences between these two sentences, some of which are considered extremely sad, and some are considered slightly sad. However, judging from the lofty sentiments of the soldiers in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and the style of the whole poem, it seems inappropriate to have sadness.
2, don't Dong Dagushi (Tang)
A thousand miles away in Huang Yun,
The north wind blows goose feathers and heavy snow one after another.
Mochow has no bosom friend in the future,
Who doesn't know you in the world?
This is a farewell poem to the famous pianist Dong. During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Hu music was popular, and few people could enjoy such ancient music as the lyre. Cui Jue has a poem: "Seven strings are cold and five tones, and this skill of knowing friends has been difficult since ancient times. Only Fang Zilu (Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty) in Henan Province has always pitied Dong Lanting. " At this time, Gao Shi was also very frustrated, often wandering around and in a bad situation. However, in this farewell poem, his cheerful attitude and heroic style make his farewell speech passionate and inspiring. His Don't Move Big shows that he was still in a "poor" state of "no money to drink". This farewell work when I was dissatisfied in the early days can't help but "borrow someone else's cup and pour my own foundation." But the poet hopes to give people a feeling of self-confidence and strength in comfort. The reason why this poem is outstanding is that Gao Shi "has a thousand words in his heart and strong spirit" (Yin Kun's Heroes of He Yue) and "exalts himself with temperament" (Chronicle of Tang Poetry), so it can add color to people who yearn for it and wipe tears for wanderers! If it weren't for the poet's inner depression, how could he make his parting words so considerate and firm? How can we make this unpretentious language cast such beautiful, mellow and moving poems!
The first two sentences, "Thousands of miles away in Huang Yun, the white sky is shining, and the north wind is blowing goose feathers and snow one after another", describe the scene at that time in simple terms: the north wind roared, the yellow sand and Li Qian covered the sky, the clouds everywhere seemed to turn yellow, and the bright sunshine was indifferent at the moment, just like the afterglow of the sunset. It was snowing heavily, and the geese flew south neatly. In this bleak and magnificent environment, the poet bid farewell to the musician who was stunted but unappreciated. With its inner truth, write the mood of parting, so it can be profound; Only with a broad mind can we tell the scenery in front of us and be solemn and stirring. Huang Yun in the sunset, the vast wilderness, only the northern winter has this kind of scene. This kind of situation, if carved a little, will inevitably hurt the spirit. Height suits this. It's dusk and it's snowing heavily. In the north wind blowing wildly, only geese and Leng Yun appeared in the distance, which made it hard to stop the feeling of cold and wandering. Being reduced to this level by talent makes people cry, and that's the only way. Friends can't be content with the status quo. In the first two sentences, we can see the inner stagnation by telling the scenery. Although it has nothing to do with people, it has made people feel like they are in the snow, as if there are strong men whistling on the top of the mountain. If you don't do your best here, you can't see the wonderful turning point below, and you can't see the smoothness, good intentions, deep friendship and other meaning's sadness in the following words. The last two sentences are full of confidence and strength in comfort. Because he is a bosom friend, he speaks simply and generously. Because of its decline, it takes hope as comfort.
The last two sentences, "Mochow has a vast road ahead, and everyone in the world doesn't know you", are comforting friends: you won't worry about meeting your bosom friends when you visit here. Everyone in the world doesn't know you, Dong! How loud and powerful the words are, full of confidence and strength in comfort, inspiring friends to struggle and struggle. In the farewell poems of the Tang Dynasty, those sad and touching works are certainly touching, but another kind of generous and sad poem from the heart, with its sincere friendship and firm belief, painted another heroic and bodybuilding color for the willow color of Baqiao Bridge and the wind and rain of Weicheng City. Gao Shi's Don't Move Big is a masterpiece of the latter style.
3. Recalling Jiangnan Bai Juyi (Tang)
Jiangnan is good,
The scenery used to be familiar.
At sunrise, the red flowers in the river win the fire.
This river is as green as blue in spring.
How can we make people not miss Jiangnan?
Jiang Nanyi,
What impressed me most was Hangzhou.
Looking for laurel in the mountain temple in the middle of the month,
Watch the tide on the pillow in the county pavilion.
When will you revisit?
Jiang Nanyi,
Secondly, I recalled Wu's palace.
Wujiu, a cup of spring bamboo leaves,
Wu Wa is addicted to the lotus dance.
Will we meet again sooner or later?
It's not easy to sum up the spring scenery in Jiangnan in a dozen words, but Bai Juyi skillfully did it. Instead of describing the flowers and warblers commonly used in the south of the Yangtze River, he began to write with the river as the center, showing the bright and dazzling spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River through the contrast between "red wins fire" and "green as blue". In the poems of the great poet Du Fu, we can often see descriptions in different tones, such as "two orioles singing green willows, a row of egrets soaring into the sky" and "Jiang Niao is too white, and the mountains are green and the waters are white". Two different colors set each other off to make the poem bright and picturesque. Bai Juyi took the same road, which can also be seen from his poems, such as "The sunset glow burns red, the clear sky is bluer than blue", "Spring grass is more dreamy when it is green, and the sunset glow is red near Chang 'an", "The green waves are east and west, and the red column is 390 bridges". Therefore, in Bai Juyi's works, the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River has been colored since the first day, and the river flowers (perhaps splash) and rivers have formed our imaginary pictures because of the way of drying and dyeing, which are dazzling in color and rich in layers, and hardly need more associations. Spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River has come to my face.
What is Bai Juyi's longest impression in Hangzhou since I can't forget Jiangnan? The ancient book says: "Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou is rich in osmanthus. The monk in the temple said,' Plant this month.' Up to now, watching the night in the Mid-Autumn Festival, children often fall, and monks try to pick it up. "Since monks in the temple can pick it, it seems that Bai Juyi deliberately picked it when he was in Hangzhou, and he also went to Lingyin Temple many times to look for Na Yue's laurel seeds, just to appreciate the osmanthus flowers on the moonlit night in Sanqiu. Bai Juyi is a poet, and naturally he has a romantic temperament. On the moonlit night of osmanthus fragrans in August, he lingered under the moon, sometimes looking up at the moon, and sometimes looking down to see if there were laurel trees flying in the shadow of osmanthus fragrans. What a beautiful and moving picture this is. One is to find words, and emotion and scenery blend together, meaning and scenery blend together, poetic and fascinating.
Perhaps, laurel in the middle of the moon is just a legend, so the wonders of Qiantang River do exist. You may not find the seeds of laurel, but the tidal head is a truly visible and deeply felt landscape. Qiantang River flows from southeast to northeast of Hangzhou and reaches Haimen into the sea. Qiantang River flows from Haimen day and night every day, which is very spectacular. Qiantang bore has the largest tidal current on the third day after the Mid-Autumn Festival every year, and the tidal head can reach tens of feet. Because of this, Bai Juyi wrote that he was lying in the pavilion of the county government, and he could see the snowy tide, which was full of interest. In the first sentence, I went to the temple to look for the beautiful legend. In the second sentence, I was lying in bed looking at the surging qiantang bore, moving and quiet, from which I could get a glimpse of the psychological activities contained in the author's heart, and maybe I could feel the unforgettable Hangzhou.
The third song is about Suzhou. Wu wine and a cup of spring bamboo leaves. Some people may say that Zhu is not Wu wine. What is this? On the one hand, bamboo leaves and hibiscus are double in the next sentence. On the other hand, "spring" is an adjective here. The so-called spring bamboo leaves do not necessarily refer to bamboo leaf green wine, but to wine that can bring spring. Bai Juyi said in another poem that "the bamboo leaves in the urn are ripe in spring", but in the middle Tang Dynasty when Bai Juyi lived, many famous wines were named after the word "spring", such as "spring rich in water" and "spring every other spring". Most literati love wine, and Bai Juyi is no exception. Drinking Wu wine and watching "Wu Wa Shuang Dance" is like the dance of drunken hibiscus. Baby is a kind of beauty. Stone is called "baby", and the house built for her by Fu Cha, the king of Wu, is called "Guanwa Palace". Perhaps Bai Juyi wrote this because of his association with the stunning beauty stone. Ten years later, in Luoyang, he recalled drinking and watching dance, and could not help but sigh: "See you again sooner or later?" . Sooner or later, it was said at that time, which means when.
Three words, from now on, recall the past, and finally return to today, from Luoyang to Suzhou and Hangzhou, from today to the past more than ten years ago, today, yesterday, south to north, with a great time and space span. Bai Juyi, who lives in Luoyang, is obsessed with Jiangnan. Looking back on the past, he remembers the most unforgettable past in Jiangnan with infinite affection, which gives him a certain spiritual satisfaction. We read this word today because Bai Juyi's wonderful description can also get some spiritual satisfaction. I don't know whether Bai Juyi wrote it for his own memory or for future generations to appreciate.
4. Wang Anshi in Yuan Dynasty (Song Dynasty)
Except for the one-year-old in firecrackers,
The east wind sends warmth into Tu Su.
Thousands of families are dying,
Try to insert new peaches into the old symbols.
"January 1st" is the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar. This is an impromptu work about welcoming the New Year in ancient times. Based on folk customs, it sensitively absorbs the typical materials of ordinary people during the Spring Festival and captures the representative details of life: setting off firecrackers, drinking Tu Su wine and changing peach symbols, which fully shows the joyful atmosphere of the New Year Festival and is full of rich life breath.
"Firecrackers are one year old, and the spring breeze warms Tu Su." Setting off fireworks on New Year's Day has been a custom since ancient times and continues to this day. It refers to the New Year wine made of grass or several herbs in ancient China. In ancient customs, every year on the first day of the first month, the whole family drank Tu Su wine, and then wrapped the dregs in red cloth and hung them on the doorframe to "exorcise evil spirits" and avoid the plague. With the firecrackers, the old year passed. People drink festive Tu Su wine and feel that spring is coming warmly.
The third sentence, "Every family lives", inherits the previous poems, which means that every family is bathed in the light of the early spring sunrise. "Tomorrow" refers to the sunrise from darkness to light. The last sentence describes the forwarding discussion. Fu Tao: It refers to a mahogany board painted with two gods, God Tea and Lei Yu, or with their names written on it, which is hung on the door in the early morning of the first day of the first month of the first month to ward off evil spirits. This is also an ancient folk custom. "Always replacing new peaches with old ones" is a sentence pattern of compression and ellipsis. The new peach omits the word "character" and the old peach omits the word "peach", so they are used alternately because of the limitation of words per sentence. It means: the old peach character is replaced by the new peach character. The change of peach characters reveals the theme of "getting rid of the old and getting rid of the new"
In fact, the artistic conception and reality expressed in this poem also have its own symbolic significance. It is a metaphor and praise for the successful implementation of the new law. This poem eulogizes the birth of new things, and is as full of vitality as Spring Breeze Warming Up. It also contains profound philosophy, pointing out that new things always replace declining things.
5. Shu Fu (Tang)
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister?
In a pine forest near the Silk City.
The green grass in spring dyed the steps red,
Birds are chirping happily under the leaves.
The third summons asked him to deal with state affairs,
He gave his heart to two generations.
But before he conquered, he was dead,
Since then, heroes have been crying on their coats.
Depressed and frustrated, the whole system is in a daze.
Shuxiang is the masterpiece of Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty.
In 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of Han, and appointed Zhuge Liang as prime minister. "Shu Xiang" means Prime Minister. This poem named "Shu Xiang" is written by Zhuge Liang.
The title is "book fragrance" rather than "Zhuge Temple", which shows that Lao Du's poems are in people but not in temples. However, this poem was obviously written from the shrine. What is this? Cover the characters through the ages, don't be amiable; There are several temples, and the wind is coming. It is also inevitable to think of books because of Wuhou Temple. However, among poets, between emptiness and reality, poetry is wonderful, but what about people? Is the shrine human? See how he writes ink and plays here. It is appropriate to understand well.
Zhuge Liang was a famous politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. He formulated a series of policies and strategies for Liu Bei to unify the world, assisted Liu Bei in revitalizing the Han Dynasty and establishing the Shu-Han regime, which formed a tripartite confrontation with Cao Wei and Sun Wu. After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang assisted his son Liu Chan in many expeditions to the Central Plains. Because of physical and mental exhaustion, I eventually died in the army, realizing my solemn oath of "doing my best and dying" and winning the admiration and admiration of future generations.
Although Du Fu cherished the political ideal of "being a gentleman, being Yao and Shun", his career was bumpy and his ambition could not be displayed. When he wrote the poem Shuxiang, the Anshi rebellion had not subsided. Seeing the difficulties and obstacles in the country, the people are dying, and they can't serve the country. Therefore, I have infinite admiration and respect for Zhuge Liang, who started the inheritance and saved the current situation.
In December of the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (AD 759), Du Fu ended his four-year wandering life in Qin Zhou and Tonggu (now Chengxian County, Gansu Province), and went to Chengdu, where, with the support of friends, he settled on the banks of Huanhua River. In the spring of the following year (760 AD, the first year of Shangyuan in Tang Suzong), I visited the Wuhou Temple in Zhuge and wrote this touching poem.
6. The title of the book is Lin Song
Outside the castle peak building outside the mountain,
When does the West Lake Dance stop?
Warm wind intoxicated tourists,
Directly do Bianzhou in Hangzhou.
This poem was written on the wall of a hotel in Lin 'an City, and it was a political satire poem named Lin 'an House at that time.
In AD 1 126, the Jin people captured Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured two emperors, Huizong and Qinzong. The territory of the Central Plains was completely occupied by the Jin people. Zhao Gou fled to the south of the Yangtze River and ascended the throne in Lin 'an, which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty. Instead of accepting the painful lesson of national subjugation in the Northern Song Dynasty, the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty became angry from embarrassment and tried to strengthen itself. The rulers did not want to recover the lost land in the Central Plains, but begged for peace, surrendered to the outside world, and brutally persecuted Yue Fei and other patriots at home. Politically corrupt and incompetent, dignitaries indulge in debauchery and pleasure. This poem is written for this dark reality. It pours out the indignation pent up in the hearts of the broad masses of people, and also expresses the poet's deep concern for the fate of the country and the nation.
The first two sentences of the poem are "When will the West Lake stop singing and dancing?" Seize the characteristics of Lin 'an City: overlapping green hills, rows of terraces, endless lights and songs and dances, and write down a false picture of prosperity and peace in that year. The poet touched the scene and couldn't help but sigh: "When will the West Lake Dance stop?" When will these lewd songs and dances by Xizi Lake, which kill people's fighting spirit against gold, stop?
The last two sentences, "Warm wind makes tourists drunk and makes Hangzhou a continent", are the poet's further expression of his feelings. The word "warm wind" is a pun, which refers to both the spring breeze in nature and the lewd wind in society. It is this "warm wind" that blows people's minds like they are drunk. "Tourists" cannot be understood as ordinary tourists. It means that the ruling class in the Southern Song Dynasty forgot the national disaster, lived a quiet life and had fun. The words "smoked" and "drunk" in the poem are used very skillfully, vividly depicting the mental state of those dignitaries who indulge in debauchery and ruin the country and people. At the end, "directly treating Hangzhou as Bianzhou" is a direct rebuke to the Southern Song authorities for forgetting national hatred and family feuds and treating Hangzhou as the old capital Bianzhou. Bitter satire contains great anger and endless worries.
This poem is cleverly conceived and phrased: cynicism is written from a lively scene; Extremely indignant, but not abusive. It is indeed a masterpiece in fable poetry.
I like these capitals very much. I hope you like them too.