Era: Tang Dynasty
Author: Xue Tao - "Farewell to Friends"
Contents
There is frost at night in Jianjia, the country of water, and the moon is cold on the mountains The color is pale.
Who said that a thousand miles away from this evening will be as long as a fortress from a dream.
Appreciation:
The ancients once praised this "girls' school book by the bridge thousands of miles away" for her "work in quatrains and no female voice". Her song "Farewell to a Friend" is a famous piece that has always been recited and can compete with the "talents of the Tang Dynasty". When I read this poem for the first time, I felt as if my breath had been emptied; after chanting it for a long time, I realized that there are infinite implications and countless twists and turns in the short poem.
The first two sentences describe the evening view of Beppa. "Jianjia is green and white dew is frost", which means it is autumn. "Autumn is a sad time, and the grass and trees are bleak and decaying; I feel sad when I'm traveling far away, and when I'm climbing a mountain and near the water, I'm about to see you off." It's particularly embarrassing to see each other off at this time of year. The poet climbed the mountain and faced the water. One thing he saw was that "there is frost at night in the country of water", and the other thing was that the moon shone in front of the mountain as bright as frost. This scene of the jianjia and the mountain color being "green and gray" was awe-inspiring and chilling. It is worth noting that this is not just a description of scenery, but the Book of Songs is also used secretly in the sentence. Qin Feng. "Jianjia" "Jianjia Cangcang" has the following poetic meaning: "The so-called Yiren is on the side of the water. Going back to follow it, the road is long and blocked; traveling back to it, you will be in the middle of the water", to express a feeling of missing a friend when he is far away. An invisible feeling of nostalgia. The excerpt is from "The Book of Songs" and contains the meaning of the whole poem. Wang Changling's "The mountain is long and the autumn city color is not visible, and the water clouds are in the sky at dusk" ("Baling Farewell to Li Twelve") has the same meaning as this poem. The use of this rhetorical technique of quotation makes the connotation of the poem much deeper.
People are separated by thousands of miles, starting today. The phrase "a thousand miles begins today" reminds people of Li Yi's famous line "a thousand miles of good times will rest in one night", thus allowing people to experience the poet's infinite affection and regret. The word "who said" is added here, as if to contradict the meaning of regret, and not to make a bitter saying of "I have no intention of loving the good night from now on". It seems to mean that "we know each other in the sea, and we are neighbors as far as the end of the world", and we can "see the bright moon thousands of miles apart", which is a comforting tone. This forms a twist with the implied divorce in the first two sentences, showing the persistence of lovesickness.
The poem mentions "Guan fortress". It seems that the friend is going to the border, so it will be difficult to see each other again, unless we meet in a dream. However, sweet dreams are not easy to come by, and travelers are far away from the Great Wall. "It's hard for the soul to fly even though the world is far away, and it's hard for the dream soul to reach Guanshan" (Li Bai's "Long Love"). "The chief of the pass" makes it difficult for the dream soul to escape, and it is already unbearable. What's more, "the dream is gone", even the dream is new. There are layers of twists and turns in one sentence, pushing the embarrassment to a climax. The bitter words in this sentence are another big twist compared to the consolation in the third sentence. The tone of this sentence is also very beautiful. The "ru" in "杳如" not only expresses state, but also functions as the particle "xi". It sounds like a sigh when read. Together with the twists and turns of the poem, it has a particularly long flavor. The poetic development of the whole poem is "tightening first and then widening" (composing bitter words first, then relaxing), wide and then tight, "the beginning and the end are connected, and the opening and closing are full of changes" ("Art Summary. Poetry Summary").
“Quatrains are popular in the six arts, so the style is regarded as tortuous, implicit, and natural.” ("Art Summary. Poetry Summary") This poetic transformation Some famous idioms from previous works are used to enrich the reader's experience; the poetic meaning is advanced layer by layer, with twists and turns everywhere, becoming deeper and deeper. It can be said that it has the characteristics of both tortuousness and implicitness. The poet's words can be renovated without leaving any trace. When he speaks eloquently and without drawing, he appears "clear". He is also good at "short phrases telling stories", and he has the method of hesitation, but he also appears "empty". Emptiness is opposite to substance, but there is no contradiction with enrichment, so it is interesting.
The translation is not very clear