9. Parallel couplets and necklaces are different in movement and distance. The couplet depicts the scene in the sudden wind and rain, which is a close-up and moving scene; Necklace couplets describe the dense forests and winding rivers seen when going upstairs, which is a long-term vision and quiet scene. (3 points; Give 2 points for answering one aspect and 3 points for answering two aspects)
Parallel prose and neck couplets are mainly metaphors (a "symbol", "pun", "borrowing scenery to express feelings" and "combination of motion and static" are also acceptable). On the surface, "Zhuan Xu" seems to describe the scene that "the wind and the rain" attacked "Furong Ficus pumila" in summer, but in fact it secretly describes the siege and persecution of the reformists by the conservative forces in the imperial court, and uses natural images to metaphor the world and personnel, which is tortuous and implicit; It is natural and appropriate for the Neck Union to compare the poet's sorrow to a river that bends like nine ileums. (3 points; "Manipulation" gives 1 point, and each specific analysis gives 1 point; If you answer "symbol", "pun", "borrowing scenery to express feelings" and "combination of dynamic and static", you can also get 3 points if the analysis is reasonable)
Attachment: Appreciation of "Going to Liuzhou Tower to Send Zhang Tingfeng to Four States"
In 805, when he died, Prince Li Yong (Shunzong) succeeded to the throne, changed Yuan Wei to Yongzhen, and reused Wang, Liu Zongyuan and other reformists. However, due to the counterattack of conservative forces, "Yongzhen Innovation" was brutally suppressed in just five months. After the failure of Emperor Yongzhen's reform, the reformists were attacked and persecuted one after another. Wang and Wang Lai were sentenced to death, and Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Shaozhou Secretariat (now Shaoyang City, Hunan Province). On the way to office, he was demoted to Yongzhou Sima. At the same time, seven people, including Liu Yuxi, Wei Zhiyi, Han Tai, Han Ye, Chen Jian, Ling Zhun and Cheng Yi, were demoted to distant Sima. This is the "two kings and eight horses" incident in history. It was not until the spring of the 10th year of Tang Xianzong Yuanhe (8 15) that some ruling ministers of the imperial court appreciated their talents and thought of using them. Except Wei Zhiyi and Ling Zhun are dead and Cheng Yi has been used first, Liu Zongyuan and other five people were recalled to Beijing together. Who knows that the resentment of Xianzong has not disappeared, and because of the strong opposition of Prime Minister Wu, within a month, Xianzong expelled them from Beijing. Liu Zongyuan was demoted as the secretariat of Liuzhou, Han Tai as the secretariat of Zhangzhou (now Longxi County, Fujian Province), Han Ye as the secretariat of Tingzhou (now Changting County, Fujian Province), Chen Jian as the secretariat of Fengzhou (now Fengchuan County, Guangdong Province) and Liu Yuxi as the secretariat of Lianzhou (now Lianxian County, Guangdong Province). Although the official position is higher than Sima, the region is more remote, which is actually a continuation of political persecution. Liu Zongyuan and his colleague Liu Yuxi left Beijing in disappointment in the late spring. This is really "ten years to Qin Jing, who expected to become a layman" ("Hengyang and Dream Parting"). Along the way, they exchanged many poems with each other, and their friendship deepened on the basis of political thoughts and life experiences. They walked to Hengyang (now Hengyang City, Hunan Province) together and parted reluctantly.
After Liu Zongyuan arrived in Liuzhou, his mood was low. One day in the midsummer of June, he boarded the Liuzhou Tower and was moved by the scene before him. He felt sad at the thought of the darkness of the imperial court and the alienation of his comrades-in-arms, so he wrote this seven-character poem and gave it to Liu Yuxi and other four colleagues.
The first two sentences of the poem always write that climbing the tower hurts feelings. "On this tower, the town ended and the wilderness began." It is realistic to write about the tower. Liuzhou is remote outside the city, with high-rise buildings, towering fields, overgrown with weeds and sparsely populated. When you climb the tower, you can see a vast wilderness. This sentence has risen very high, and the artistic conception is very wide. Various scenes and sad atmosphere enveloped the whole poem, which naturally opened the next sentence "and our yearning is as far as the ocean or the sky". Facing the vast Yuan Ye, the poet can't help feeling sad and worried. He thought that he took part in political innovation with the ambition of saving the world in order to eliminate disadvantages and promote benefits for the court and do something beneficial to the people. Unexpectedly, "the storm died in Wan Li, and the empty prisoners collapsed in courage." ("Ran Xi") in Yongzhou, abandoned for ten years, unfulfilled. Finally, I was recalled and returned to Chang 'an hopefully, thinking that my political ideal could be realized again. Unexpectedly, he was banished to the more remote Liuzhou and left his hometown for Beijing, which made him feel lonely and missed his comrades more deeply. He looked as far south as possible, and the color of the wilderness was boundless, which made him feel "sad and boundless", like the sea. "boundless" is not only the infinity of writing "Haitian", but also the infinity of writing "melancholy"
The four sentences in the middle, following the last sentence, express the feelings of what you see when you go upstairs, from near to far. The first two sentences are close-ups, describing the wind and rain in summer. "Lotus-flowers beside the moat fluctuate in the strong wind", which is a scene in the water. In summer, the pool is full of delicate and charming lotus flowers, but the wind blows at will, and the delicate and charming lotus flowers are blown to stagger and sway on the water. The word "Jing" in the sentence means that the wind is blowing. The word "chaos" comes from "earthquake", and "chaos" vividly writes the scene that the wind blows the lotus flowers wantonly. "And the vines along the wall were beaten by the oblique rain", which is a scene of heavy rain beating Ficus pumila. The city wall is covered with fragrant Ficus pumila, and the scenery is beautiful. Unexpectedly, it was violently hit by dense raindrops and was devastated. The word "oblique" comes from the word "wind". Because the wind is crazy, the rain is oblique. "Oblique Invasion" wrote the scene of heavy rain hitting Ficus pumila violently. Here, hibiscus and Ficus pumila symbolize the beauty and elegance of personality. On the surface, the above two sentences describe a sudden storm scene in summer, but what is said here means something else. In fact, it is a metaphor for the attack and persecution of the reformists by the conservative forces in the imperial court. Comparing characters with natural scenery is an artistic expression, which is often used in classical poetry. This tortuous artistic expression is subtle.
The latter two are visions, writing landscapes. "For three hundred miles in Fiona Fang, you can't see anything except a vague forest and mountains", which is about mountains. The poet climbed the tower in order to see the comrades in the distance. He stood on the tower and looked south. There are many trees on the mountain, which block his sight and prevent him from seeing his comrades thousands of miles away. He couldn't help feeling dejected. He looked back and looked down at the Liujiang River outside the city. Liujiang meanders eastward, which makes him feel the sadness of "nine rings of Hejiang, rolling in our intestines". This is about rivers. It is very appropriate to compare the poet's own troubles with the winding river. This sentence comes from Sima Qian's Letter to Ren An, which means that the intestines come back nine times a day. The poet just added a little bit to it, and then the artistic conception was unique. This sentence not only takes care of the opening sentence "and our desire is as far as the ocean or the sky", but also naturally leads to the following exclamation.
In the last two sentences of the poem, I bemoaned Tong Tong's unfortunate experience, expressed my feelings directly, and pointed out the significance of sending books. The poet was exiled with Liu Yuxi and other four comrades-in-arms. "* * * came to a hundred places with tattoos", living far apart. In this case, we should often send audio books to each other, often communicate with each other, and the news is constant. However, "and there is no letter, let's keep in touch with home", and we can't comfort each other through the news. I really don't know how to get rid of this melancholy. The word "wanderer" shows the poet's ardent nostalgia for his comrades.
This poem is lyrical by taking advantage of the scenery. Through the description of the scenery seen on the Liuzhou Tower, it condemned the attack and persecution of the reformers by the conservative forces in the imperial court at that time, and euphemistically expressed the poet's grief and deep nostalgia for his comrades. The whole poem is cleverly conceived, lyrical and euphemistic, and expresses a cavity of unspeakable thoughts and feelings tactfully. Although depressed, it is full of appeal and is a masterpiece of scene blending.