The Three Gorges, 700 Li, is surrounded by mountains on both sides, and there is no gap. Rocks piled up like mountains, blocking the sun and the sky. I haven't seen the rising moon since midnight in the pavilion. (Yutong: lack; Heavy stone work: heavy mountain)
As for launching Xiangling, it is along the back block. Or the king ordered an emergency notice, sometimes going to Baidicheng and going to Jiangling at dusk. During this period, although he took the wind, he didn't get sick. (retrospective: retrospective; Twilight: Twilight)
In spring and summer, the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear. There are many strange cypresses, hanging springs and waterfalls, flying in the meantime, magnificent and interesting. (Yi: Shan Xian)
At the beginning of every sunny day, the frost shines, the forest is cold and sad, and there are often high apes whistling, which leads to sadness, the empty valley echoes, and the sadness turns to leisurely. So the fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, and the apes cry three times, and tears are spilled on their skirts."
Translation translation
Between 700 miles of the Three Gorges, there are continuous mountains on both sides, without interruption at all; Overlapping cliffs block the sky and the sun. If it weren't for midnight, even the sun and the moon couldn't be seen.
In summer, when the water rises, the river overflows the mountains, and the descending or ascending ships are blocked and unable to sail. Sometimes the emperor's orders need urgent communication. At this time, as long as you leave Baidicheng in the morning and arrive at Jiangling in the evening, there is 1200 Li in the middle. Even if you ride a Mercedes-Benz horse and drive a high wind, you are not as fast as it.
In spring and winter, you can see white rapids and spinning clear waves. The green pool reflects the shadows of all kinds of scenery. There are many strange cypress trees growing on the extremely high peaks, and there are hanging springs and waterfalls between the peaks. Clear water, brilliant trees, high mountains and lush grass are really interesting.
In autumn, every morning in Chu Qing or first frost, the Woods and mountains are cool and quiet. There are often high apes chirping with long voices, which are continuous and very desolate and strange. There is an echo of the ape singing in the empty valley, which is mournful and tactfully lingering for a long time. Therefore, the Three Gorges fisherman sang: "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, the apes crow three times, and tears are spilled on their skirts."
Annotation explanation
From: Yes, from.
Three Gorges: Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge between Chongqing and Hubei, two provincial administrative units in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The total length of the Three Gorges is actually only over 400 miles.
Slightly nothing: nothing, nothing at all. Que: pass "deficiency", gap, gap.
Zhàng: A mountain that stands upright like a barrier.
Self-denial: If not. Ego: If. No: no.
Pavilion noon: noon. Night minutes: midnight.
Sunshine, here refers to the sun.
Xiang (xiāng): Shang, which means full Shang. Mausoleum: a big earthen mountain, which refers to the mausoleum here.
Go downstream (of a ship). To run (a ship) against the current.
Or: sometimes. Royal decree: imperial decree. Announce: to announce or convey.
Chaobai Fadi: Depart from Baidicheng in the morning. Bai Di: The name of this city is in the east of fengjie county. Chao: Good morning.
Jiangling: Jingzhou City, Hubei Province today.
Although: even if. Ben: Mercedes-Benz's fast horse. Royal: Drive, drive.
How about ... Compared with sailing boats, sailing against the wind is not fast, or it is wrong to say that "taking" is "similar" (See Zhao Yiqing's Notes on Water Classics) Illness: Fast.
Plain rapids: white rapids. Sue: White. Green pool: green pool water.
Back to clear reflection: The clear rotating waves reflect the reflection of (rocks and trees).
Cliff (y ǐ n): A very high mountain peak. Absolutely: extremely. Ji: the peak
Hanging spring: Hanging spring waterfall. Shu Fei: The current is fast. Wash: swing.
Qingrong Junmao: Clear water, lush trees, high mountains and lush grass.
L: Really, really, really.
Early sunny day: (after rain or snow) when it just clears up. Frost Dan: It's a frosty morning.
Genus citation: continuous. Genus (zhǔ): verb. Connect. Introduction: Extension. Sad and weird: desolate and weird.
Sadness turns to eternity: sadness is euphemistic, and ape songs disappear for a long time. Never: disappear, stop. Turn: Call by "DuDu".
Badong: the name of Han county, located in Yunyang, Fengjie and Wushan in the east of Chongqing.
Three times: several times. This is not an exact number.
Wet: wet.
Chang: Clothes.
Creation background
Li Daoyuan lived in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty, and he loved sightseeing when he was a teenager. He found that although the ancient geography book Water Mirror accurately recorded the ins and outs of large and small rivers, due to the changes of the times and the rise and fall of cities, some rivers were diverted and renamed, but they were not supplemented and explained in the book. Li Daoyuan then personally annotated the water mirror. So, I wrote a note on Shuijing.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
Li Daoyuan's Three Gorges (selected from Notes on Shuijing) is a famous landscape work. It took less than 200 words, and the author described the natural scenery of the Three Gorges. The full text describes the combination of dynamic and static, scene blending, emotion moving with the scene, concise and vivid.
Starting with Seven Hundred Miles of Three Gorges, the author not only explains the description object, but also introduces its total length.
Then, the author writes about the mountains first, using "the mountains on both sides of the strait are connected, but there is no gap" to describe the "connection" of the mountains, and "leaving the pavilion at midnight without sunrise" to make the "height" of the mountains as a side contrast, which makes people feel the narrowness of the Three Gorges, and vividly outlines the majesty of the Three Gorges in several strokes.
Water is the eye of the mountain. The author writes about water according to the natural seasons, starting from the summer when the water potential is the biggest and most urgent. The four words "Xiang Ling Xia, resistance along the back" are used to describe the sinister water potential, high water level and urgent water flow. "I was in the morning and arrived in Jiangling at dusk. Although riding against the wind during the period, he was not sick. " Through comparison and exaggeration, I highlight the disease of water flow after the river surges in summer. Then write about the spring and summer when the water potential drops. At this time, the Three Gorges can be summarized by the word "repair". "Turbulence in the Plain" and "Green Pond", two colors and two modes, with dynamic and static interweaving and sharp contrast; "Qibai", "Hanging Springs" and "Waterfalls" are also quiet and moving, colorful, and mountains and trees meet in them, which is a spectacle. The word "Junmao" is written as follows: "Qing" is water, "Jun" is mountain, "Rong" is cypress and "Mao" is grass. "A lot of interest" is mixed with the author's aesthetic interest, which integrates poetry and painting. When the author was writing Autumn Water, he used the word "frost" to imply that he was writing about the coldness of the Three Gorges autumn scenery, and it was sad to set off the bleak autumn with the sound of apes.
As a description of landscape, it is not a simple description of scenery, but an emotional description of scenery (such as "fun" to show the beauty of spring and summer scenery, "ape whistling" and "sadness" to show the coolness of autumn scenery), which means that feelings enter the scenery (such as the first few sentences reflecting the overall feeling of enjoying the Three Gorges for the first time, making people feel majestic and strange, which are divided into four seasons: fear, joy and sadness).
All landscape words are sentimental words. Beginners should write their own characteristics, which are consistent with their thoughts and feelings.
"Three Gorges" uses simple and vivid pen and ink to write the magnificent, steep and beautiful scenery of the Three Gorges. The author describes the scenery by grasping its characteristics. Write mountains, highlighting the characteristics of continuity and covering the sky. Writing water depicts different scenes in different seasons. In summer, rivers flood all over the mountains and rivers, and ships are blocked. "In spring and summer, the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear. Duoqibai, hanging springs and waterfalls, flies in it. " Snow-white rapids, green pools, rolling waves and beautiful reflections make the author admire "endless fun". In autumn, however, "the forest is cold and cold, and there are often high apes whistling", and the sorrow cries constantly, and in the empty valley, "the sorrow turns for a long time." The strange sight of the Three Gorges is vividly depicted. The author used a lot of stippling to write the scenery, just 150 words, and got the whole picture of the Three Gorges in 700 miles. Write the scenery of spring and summer, with "plain", "green", "clear" and "shadow" characters; Write the autumn scenery, and vividly show the charm of the scenery with "cold", "sad" and "sad" characters. The article describes mountains first, then water, with natural layout and clear thinking. Write about the four seasons of moisture. In the rhythm of the article, it is also a combination of static and dynamic, swaying. Towering peaks, surging rivers, clear waters, flying waterfalls, sad ape songs and sad fishing songs constitute a natural and harmonious picture with different styles, which left a deep impression on readers. The quoted poems show the characteristics of outstanding mountains and high waters, and at the same time, they render the sad atmosphere of the Three Gorges autumn scenery.
Appreciation of Two Original Poems in Three Gorges Poetry
When the mountain is old, the sound of the piano fades.
Brush the jade emblem on the shirt sleeve and play the Three Gorges Spring.
This song has not been played for half, and the high hall is like an empty mountain.
The stone forest roared, suddenly between the windows.
Sob around your fingers, green hair stirs.
Play against Chu Yun, Xu Yan.
Suspicion and balcony rain, like a mixed Wushan ape.
It is convenient for eyes and ears to listen to ghosts and gods.
King Chuko was heartbroken, and ChristianRandPhillips was in tears.
Who cut the branches of paulownia, use Zhu Sixian.
It can contain ancient songs and pass them on to today.
A bosom friend is hard to meet again, but you are old.
At the end of the song, the moon has fallen, and I am trapped in the East.
Translation translation
The old man in Minshan has gray hair and his temples are white because of the guqin.
Brush the white jade Qin Hui on the shirt sleeve and play the Three Gorges Liu Quan for me.
This song hasn't been played halfway, just like an empty mountain above the high hall.
The wind blew through the stone forest, as if between the windows.
Fingers whimpered around the piano and strings gurgled in the water.
Resentment is like a cloud in Chutian, as ethereal as autumn smoke in Wan Li.
It even rained in Mao Mao on the balcony, mixed with the sound of crying apes in Wushan.
The melody is deep and charming, and the sound of the piano is pure and moving.
King Chuko was heartbroken, and ChristianRandPhillips was in tears.
Who pulled up the red rope with paulownia wood?
Ancient music pops up on the piano, and the music has been passed down to this day.
It's not easy to meet a bosom friend again, but it's a pity that people are old.
After the music was finished, the moon had already set, so I stayed in the tent and went back to Dongzhai to sleep alone.
Annotation explanation
Autumn night: autumn night. Mountain Man: A hermit who lives in the mountains. Three Gorges Liu Quan: the title of Guqin music. Yuefu's poetry anthology includes Song of Three Gorges Flowing Springs.
Callus: the appearance of white hair. Minshan: This refers to the mountains in Sichuan. Pale: grayish white.
Jade emblem: white string, refers to string.
Shilin: a forest of rocks. Whistle: the wind.
Finger winding: the flexible movements of fingers when playing the piano. Play around. Hair, refers to the strings. Excited: bursting. Ripple: the sound of water flowing slowly.
Yan Yang: The sound is floating. Chu, originally refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, here refers to the south. Xu Xu, ethereal and soothing. Charm, charm.
Both of them. The balcony, that is, Yang Yuntai, is under Wushan Mountain, which refers to Chu land here. Miscellaneous: tolerance. Wushan ape, see Gao Shi's poem "To demote Li and Wang and Transfer Zhixia to Central and Changsha".
You: profound. Pure, pure. Convenient and suitable.
Chuck: It refers to Qu Yuan. ChristianRandPhillips: Goddess of Xiang Water. According to legend, Yao Di's two daughters and both of them married Shun. When they heard the news of Shun's death, they shed tears and left spots on the bamboo leaves.
Qingtong: Indus, wood can be used as a piano. Gen: horizontal row. Zhu Sixian: Red string.
Pass: Pass.
Bosom friend: According to legend, Boya is good at drumming, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening to the piano. He can hear his heart from Boya's piano sound, so he is called "bosom friend".
Zhai: The house.
Creation background
This poem was written after the second year of Tang Daizong Dali (767). Cen Can arrived in Tang Daizong in June of the second year of Dali (767) and was appointed as the secretary of history. This poem was written when he was living in history.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
The first four paragraphs of this poem clearly show that "Luoshan people play the Three Gorges flowing spring", "Yi" and "Bian Cang Ran" account for the "old" of Luoshan people, which lays the foundation for the latter sentence "I cherish the monarch and grow old".
The middle paragraph is the most beautiful part of this poem. Accompanied by the sound of the piano, people seem to be in an empty mountain, sometimes they have a stroke in their ears, sometimes they whimper, and sometimes they flow like clouds. The poet combines the piano playing movements he sees with the auditory images he hears, weaving the artistic conception of "an empty mountain in autumn" and setting off the elegance of the piano sound. Then closely follow the word "Three Gorges" in the poem, first use visual images such as "Chu Yun" and "Autumn Smoke", and then use auditory images such as rain and apes' cries to describe the scenery of the Three Gorges, with a long and open realm. Its "seclusion" is enough to attract ghosts and gods, its "purity" is enough to be pleasing to the eye, and its sadness is enough to make Chuke heartbroken and ChristianRandPhillips cry, which shows that the tunes are rich, changing rapidly and touching. In the above fourteen sentences, the poet wrote from the piano sound of Gaotang, galloping his imagination and rendering the wonderful and moving piano sound with very rich images. The next four sentences, "Who cut the branches of the tung tree", also describe the quaint sound of the piano from the piano itself, from ancient songs to modern people, which naturally leads to the end of the poem. Listen to the last four sentences of the poem. The first two sentences were written directly after listening to them. Through the fact that Luoshan people are old, they express their sadness that they are old and can't be reused. The last two sentences are written by your feelings after listening. At the end of the song, the moon falls, with the calm appearance of sleeping alone without words, writes the passage of time, melancholy sleep, heavy mood and the inner waves of the poet. I'm afraid what Luoshan people touched was the poet's heartstrings.
Poets in the Tang Dynasty wrote many famous works about piano sound. For example, Li Bai's "Listening to the Shu Monk Playing the Piano": "When you touch the strings, you will get the breath of a thousand valleys. I heard him in the clear stream, and I heard him in the cold bell. " In three sentences, three images are used to write the sound of the piano: song Tao, running water and frost bell. Han Yu's Listening to the Clever Master Playing the Piano: At the beginning, it is compared with the love story of very much in love, and then it is repeatedly compared with the sound of the piano with the images of warriors in the battlefield, floating catkins and lonely birds. Cen Can's poems are characterized by the tune of "The Three Gorges Flowing Spring", the touching piano sound written by the night wind in Shilin, the weeping flowing spring, the autumn smoke in Chu Yun, the balcony rain and the Wushan ape. The imagination is very rich, the image is very novel, complex and changeable, and the deep and touching piano sound is very realistic. Poetry is five ancient, occasionally using a few even sentences, such as the jingle of the piano, with clear rhythm.