1, original:
Before the first emperor started his business, the middle road collapsed. Today he scored three points, and Yizhou was exhausted. This is a crucial autumn.
Translation:
The great cause initiated by the first emperor was not abandoned halfway, but abandoned halfway. Now the world is divided into three countries, which means that Shu Han is weak and in a difficult situation. This is indeed a critical period for the country.
Appreciate:
During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei had the strongest national strength, followed by Sun Wu, and Shu Han was the weakest. When Liu Bei died in Baidicheng (now fengjie county East), he left Zhuge Liang with a situation of domestic troubles and foreign invasion and a young, ignorant and helpless successor. At this critical juncture, Zhuge Liang assumed all the practical responsibilities of Shu Han in the name of the Prime Minister's Office, strictly observed the law and discipline at home, and rewarded the battle of ploughing; Pacify Rong Qiang, unite with Dongwu, and actively prepare for the northern expedition to Cao Wei.
After several years of hard work. The strength of Shu increased, showing a situation of "enriching the country and strengthening the people" and "awe-inspiring weather", so Zhuge Liang led the army to Hanzhong (now Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province) in order to seek the Central Plains. On the analysis of the situation at that time, not to mention the disparity in strength between Shu and Wei, the strategy of "borrowing teachers to attack far away" was also a taboo for military strategists, but Zhuge Liang still insisted on taking risks (six times in a row) and showed his indomitable will. The fundamental reason is that it is Liu Bei's last wish to establish the Central Plains in the north and revive the Han Dynasty.
2. Original text:
Xiang Chong, a general with good nature and smooth military skills. He tried it in the past, and the first emperor called it energy, which was supervised by the people. Fools think that knowing the situation of the camp and consulting them will definitely make the front line harmonious, and the advantages and disadvantages will be found.
Translation:
General Xiang Chong is kind, fair and proficient in military affairs. When he was appointed, the first emperor praised him for his talent, so everyone discussed and elected him as the governor of the central region. I think, if we discuss everything in the imperial camp with him, we will be able to unite the army into a whole, and everyone with his own strengths will be in his place.
Appreciate:
Zhuge Liang stated his opinions and put forward the idea of improving politics before attacking Wei, so the whole article is mainly about discussion. Because Zhuge Liang wanted Liu Chan to know the difficulty of starting a business and inspire him to finish the unfinished business of his late emperor, this paper also described his own life experience, the reasons for following his late emperor and the process of making his country successful. And because Zhuge Liang is infinitely loyal to Liu and his son, treating each other with kindness and courage, his words are full of ardent expectations.
3. Original text:
May your majesty entrust the effect of bringing the dead back to life to the minister, and if it doesn't work, punish the minister severely and tell the spirit of the first emperor. If there are no words to promote virtue, blame you for being slow to show its blame; Your majesty also requires himself, seeks advice from others, is modest and courteous, and pursues the testamentary edict of the late emperor. I am very grateful.
Translation:
I hope your majesty can entrust me with the task of punishing Cao Wei and restoring the Han Dynasty. If you can't finish it, you will punish my sins, which will be used to comfort the spirit of my late emperor. If there is no proposal to revitalize Shengde, blame Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun and others for their negligence. Expose their mistakes; Your majesty should also plan by himself, offer advice without reservation, adopt correct remarks, and deeply remember the teachings left by the late emperor. I can't thank you enough
Appreciate:
The most striking feature of the language of this article is frankness and simplicity, showing sincere and loyal feelings. The predecessors especially pointed out that in the space of more than 600 words, "the late emperor" was mentioned thirteen times and "Your Majesty" seven times.
The thoughts of "reporting to the late emperor" and "being loyal to your majesty" run through the whole paper, always remembering the late emperor's "legacy" and "testamentary edict", thinking of the late emperor everywhere, expecting him to complete the unfinished great cause of "reviving the Han Dynasty". The full text does not rely on flowery rhetoric or ancient allusions, and every sentence does not lose the status of a courtier, which is also very suitable for the tone of the elders.