The rhythm of Tang poetry means that people in Tang dynasty should pay attention to the rhythm and meter of poetry when creating poetry. China's poetic creation developed into the Tang Dynasty, and his poetic style was different from that of the previous generation. It has strict rules on the number, number of words, level and rhyme of each poem, so it is called "metrical poem" (including five sentences, seven sentences, five laws and seven laws, etc. ) and "modern poetry" in the history of literature (the poetry style before Tang Dynasty is called "ancient poetry"
2. What is the concept of leveling?
The so-called level tone refers to the tone of words. In ancient times, the tones of Chinese characters were divided into four tones: flat, up, down and inside, which were different and related to the "four tones" in modern Chinese. In ancient times, "Ping" refers to the flat tone of four tones (roughly equivalent to the flat tone and rising tone we are talking about now), and "Xun" refers to three tones of four tones, namely rising tone, falling tone and entering tone (there is no entering tone now, and the ancient entering tone characters have now been divided into flat tone, rising tone or falling tone). The phonetics and flat tones used in old poetry and prose are mutually adjusted to make the sounds harmonious, which is called "flat tones".
3. Rhyme rules of five words and seven words.
The metrical poems in the Tang Dynasty have a certain style, and each sentence is based on "sense of space" (the sentence is even), "right" (the first four words in a couplet are generally even), "sticky" (the upper and lower couplets should be sticky, that is, they are roughly the same) and "rhyme" (generally even-numbered sentences should rhyme). Its common formats are:
(1) Five-character quatrains
Type A (ambiguous first sentence, not rhyming first sentence)
Flat and flat (flat and flat in the sentence)
Flat and faint (combined with the above sentence, flat and faint; Rhyme at the end)
Flat and flat (stick to the second sentence to avoid three flat tails, and the third word is different from the second sentence)
It is flat (as opposed to the third sentence; Rhyme at the end)
Such as Wang Zhihuan's "In the Heron Lodge:
The mountains covered the white sun,
The ocean drained the golden river.
But you expanded your horizons by 300 miles,
Walk up a flight of stairs.
Type b (the first sentence is flat and the first sentence rhymes)
It is flat.
be plain and simple
Flat and light.
It is flat.
Such as my "Shu Ge Ge":
This constellation with seven high stars,
Shu Ge raised his sword in the night.
No more barbarians, their horses and cows,
Dare to wade across the river?
C type (the first sentence is flat and the first sentence doesn't rhyme)
Flat and light.
It is flat.
Very flat, very flat.
be plain and simple
Such as Li Duan's "Listen to Zheng":
Zheng mingzhu,
Shining on the golden harp.
In order to attract Zhou Yu's keen eyes,
She sometimes touches the wrong note. (Note: "De" and "Fu" are archaic. )
D type (the first sentence starts flat and ends flat, and the first sentence enters rhyme)
be plain and simple
It is flat.
Very flat, very flat.
be plain and simple
Such as "Egret" by Li Jiayou:
There is a lot of stagnant water in Jiangnan.
Gu Ying flows temporarily.
Qin Yun in the sunset,
Where's xanax?
(2) Five-character Rhyme
The format of five-character metrical poems is based on four formats of five-character quatrains, such as "Jane" (the sentences are flush), "Dui" (the first four words in a couplet are generally flush, but in the opposite direction), "Sticky" (the upper and lower couplets should be sticky, that is, they are roughly the same) and "Rhyme" (generally speaking, even-numbered sentences should rhyme).
The first sentence of type A begins and ends.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Such as Li Bai's "Jingmen Ferry Farewell to Friends":
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners. At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness.
The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces. The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
(Note: "Guo" and "Xie" were disyllabic words in ancient times, while "water brings you a feeling of home" is a variant. )
The first sentence of type B is plain.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Such as Du Fu's Moonlight Remembering Brothers:
The drums of the defenders cut off people's communication, and a lonely goose was singing in autumn in the frontier. The dew turns to frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is bright!
Brothers are scattered, and no one can ask about life and death. Letters sent to Luoyang city are often not delivered, and wars often do not stop.
(Note: "White" was an ambiguous word in ancient times)
The first sentence of type c is flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
For example, Wang Wei's "Autumn Night in the Mountain":
The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night. The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.
The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe. Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
(Note: "Xie" means "cue" in ancient times)
D-shaped sentences start flat and end flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
For example, Li Shangyin's "North Luo Qing":
Where the sun has entered the western hills, I look for a monk in his hut. But only the fallen leaves were at home, and I walked through the chilling clouds.
I heard the sound of stone gongs at dusk, and I leaned all my weight on my slender cane. In this world, in this dust, how can there be room for human passion? .
(Note: "House" was silent in ancient times)
(3) Seven-character quatrains format
The format of seven-character quatrains is based on the four formats of five-character quatrains, and according to the rules of "empty", "dual" and "sticky", two words are added in front of each sentence. Specifically:
One type
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Such as Du Fu's "Meeting Li Guinian Downstream":
Seeing the house is very common, but Cui has heard of it several times before.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
(Note: The word "Jie" was a disparaging term in ancient times. In the third sentence of this poem, the level of "good scenery" is "level", which is a variant and a relatively common format. )
Type b
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
For example, Li Bai's "Early Hair Baidicheng":
Early in the morning, I bid farewell to Jiangling city, which is high into the sky, thousands of miles away, and the boat is only one day away. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills.
Type c
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
For example, Wang Wei's "Remembering My Shandong Brothers on Vacation in the Mountain":
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
(Note: "Xie" and "Bian" were both muffled voices in ancient times. )
D type
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Such as Wang Changling's "Lotus Inn and Xin Qiji's Parting":
Misty rain enveloped Wu's day overnight; Send you in the morning, lonely and sad in Chushan! Friends, if my friends in Luoyang invite me; Just say I'm still Bing Xin Okho, and stick to my faith!
(4) Seven-character Rhyme
Seven-character verse, like five-character verse, can also be regarded as a superposition form on the basis of quatrains. Specifically:
One type
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Such as Liu Yuxi's "Yangzhou will enjoy Lotte for the first time":
The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years. People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed.
On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower. Today, listen to you sing a song, drink a glass of wine and cheer up.
Type b
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Such as Bai Juyi's "Qiantang Spring Tour":
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake. Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe. I love the lack of lake in the eastbound direction, and I love the white sand embankment under the shadow of Populus davidiana.
Type c
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
For example, Du Fu's "The banks of the Yellow River were recaptured by the imperial army:
The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat. Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
Sing my songs loudly and drink my wine. Youth is a good companion to go home. Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! .
D type
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Such as Li Shangyin's Untitled:
It was a long time ago that I met her, but since we separated, the time has become longer, the east wind is blowing, and a hundred flowers are blooming. Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night.
In the morning, she saw her hair cloud changing in the mirror, but she bravely faced the cold of the moonlight with her evening song. Not far from her charming mountain, oh, bluebird, listen! -Give me what she said! .
(Note: "Don't" and "Feeling" were dull sounds in ancient times, while "Look" is flat here. )
I hope to help the landlord.