2. The original poem is as follows:
Tite chrysanthemum
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Chao Huang
The west wind is rustling all over the courtyard, and cold butterflies are hard to come by.
If I were Di Qing next year, I would report to Taohua.
3. Translation:
Autumn wind is rolling and chrysanthemums are swaying in the garden. The stamens are full of chill, and butterfly bees are hard to come.
One day, I will become a spring god, and I will arrange chrysanthemums and peach blossoms to bloom together in spring.
4. Appreciate:
Lin Kuan, a poet at the end of the Tang Dynasty, wrote two poems: "Mo Yan immediately won the world, and heroes have interpreted poems since ancient times." Throughout the ages, there are indeed many heroes who can "interpret poetry", and Huang Chao, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, is one of them. Since Tao Yuanming's famous sentence "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely" came out, chrysanthemum has formed an indissoluble bond with the arrogant noble literati hermit and almost became the spiritual symbol of feudal literati. Huang Chao's chrysanthemum poems, on the other hand, are completely out of the mode of similar works, showing a brand-new ideological realm and artistic style.
The first sentence says chrysanthemums are in full bloom in the rustling autumn wind. "West Wind" points out the section and makes the next sentence; "Full Court" is full of words. Saying "plant" instead of "open" is to avoid rhyming with the last sentence, and the word "plant" itself gives people a feeling of standing upright. It is not difficult to see that chrysanthemums bloom in the wind and frost to show strength, which is not difficult to see in literati's poems about chrysanthemums; But "planting a courtyard" is different from the image of chrysanthemum in literati's poems. Whether it is to express the feeling of "being aloof from the world", to express the state of "being aloof and unique" or to express the feeling of being alone without company, the word "loneliness" is often inseparable. In Huang Chao's poems, he only said that "the garden is full of plants" because in his mind, this chrysanthemum is a symbol of the working people and has nothing to do with the word "solitary".
Unfortunately, chrysanthemums are in full bloom in the wind and frost, but it is cold and autumn, and it is difficult to come to cold butterflies. In the rustling autumn wind, chrysanthemums seem to have a chill, emitting a cold and subtle fragrance, unlike flowers in full bloom in sunny spring, so few butterflies fly to pick up the fragrance of chrysanthemums. In the writings of old literati, this fact usually always causes two feelings: narcissism and loneliness. The author's feelings are different. In his view, "my heart is cold in Leng Xiang" because chrysanthemums open in the cold season, and he can't help feeling sorry for the untimely opening of chrysanthemums.
The third and fourth sentences are the natural development of the above feelings, revealing the cold environment and the unfair fate of chrysanthemums. The author imagines that one day he will become "Di Qing" (the God of Spring), and he will make chrysanthemums and peach blossoms bloom together in spring. This kind of imagination, full of strong romantic passion, concentrated on expressing the author's grand ambition. Throughout the poem, the implication is obvious. The chrysanthemum in the poem is the embodiment of the bottom people in Qian Qian at that time. The author not only appreciates their tenacious vitality in opening up to the wind and frost, but also hates their environment and fate and is determined to completely change it. The so-called "for Di Qing" can be regarded as an intuitive expression of establishing the peasant revolutionary regime. The author imagines that by that day, the working people will be able to live a warm spring. It is worth noting that this also reflects the simple concept of equality of farmers. Because in the author's opinion, chrysanthemum and peach blossom are all blooming and should enjoy the same treatment. Chrysanthemum is alone in the cold autumn, and its core is cold and fragrant, which is really unfair. So he decided to let chrysanthemums enjoy the warmth of spring like peach blossoms. You may think this is a poetic idea of farmers' equality.
There is also a question of who will change fate. Whether praying for God's sympathy and mercy or "I am Di Qing", there is a difference between being a slave to fate and being the master of it. The author of this poem said, "I am Di Qing". This heroic language embodies the determination and confidence of the peasant class leaders to overthrow the old regime. And this is an iron threshold that all feudal literati can't cross.
The thoughts and feelings expressed in this poem are very heroic, which dwarfs the various rhetoric of literati living in feudal society to express their ambitions. But it is not superficial, but it still contains meaning. This is because of the successful use of metaphor in poetry, which combines the author's unique feelings and understanding of life.
5. Introduction to the author:
Huang Chao (820 ~ 884) was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty. Because of his charm and extraordinary courage, he finally replaced Wang Xianzhi as the general leader of this great uprising. The great uprising led by him dealt a heavy blow to the decadent Li and Tang dynasties and broke the death of the dark society in which the military and political regimes were separated and scuffled at the end of the Tang Dynasty. It prepared conditions for the transition from division to unity, thus promoting the continuous development of history.