He donated half of the Forbidden City. We should remember this man.

Source: This person in the picture on Sohu. Com, I wonder if anyone knows him. As long as it is my collection, it must be kept in our country. "A lofty sentiments, full of his national feelings. This is Zhang Boju. People you know, people you will never forget. Xiangcheng, Henan Province, in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, had two big families, one for each. 1898, born in the Zhang family of scholarly family. At the age of seven, he was adopted by his uncle Zhang. When I left, my life changed greatly. Zhang was a scholar in Guangxu period, the brother-in-law of Yuan Shikai, the president of the Republic of China, and once served as governor of Zhili and governor of Henan, with high status and rich family. As Zhang's son, he is naturally well-fed and well-fed. He is smart and studious. He entered a private school at the age of seven and can write poems at the age of nine. He has been called a "prodigy" since he was a child and is deeply loved by Zhang. Born into an official family and living in troubled times, the family naturally hoped that Zhang Boju would be an official. In the first year of the Republic of China, Zhang Boju, who went to be the governor of Henan with his father, was sent to Henan Army Primary School to study and began his military career. However, Zhang Boju, who was indifferent by nature, didn't like the corrupt atmosphere in officialdom and thought it was a "shame" to be a soldier. So he resolutely took off his military uniform and stayed at home. Every day, he only wrote poems and paintings, watched plays and sang songs, which made him very uncomfortable. Consultant Zhao just wants to say that he is still rich and willful ~ The mansion he lives in is a must in Beijing and was once one of the "Four Childes of the Republic of China". Different from other rich children, although he often makes friends with that rich boy, he has never been moved by Wan Ku. He has a simple nature and likes to negotiate with celebrities. Because of this, he also has a certain understanding of famous paintings and calligraphy, and often spends a lot of money to collect famous products. When he failed to become an official, his father asked him to handle banking affairs. He only concentrates on reading and listening to music, and when he is free, he strolls around the painting and calligraphy shop with his hands behind his back. As long as he takes a fancy to it, he must buy it no matter how expensive it is. For this reason, my mother lamented at home all day: "If you don't become an official, if you don't open a good bank, you will only spend money on calligraphy and painting!" "Second, to talk about the ups and downs of Zhang Boju's life, we must first talk about his wife Pan Su. She was born in Gusu, and her ancestors were the prime ministers of the Qing Dynasty. It's a pity that my father is a playboy and squandered his ancestral property. When I was a child, my biological mother invited a famous teacher to Pan Su, and there was nothing wrong with her temperament and painting. When Pan Su/Kloc-was 0/3 years old, her mother died of illness and her stepmother sent her to a brothel. Because the pipa is well played, delicate and well spoken, it quickly became popular in Shanghai and won the reputation of "Pan Fei" for a time. Zhang Boju, who is sent to Shanghai by his father to audit the accounts every year, naturally walks around at night. On one occasion, after checking the accounts, Zhang Boju went to have a drink with a group of childe friends, just as the famous actor Pan Su came on stage to play music, with a soft voice and lingering sound. Seeing this amazing world, Zhang Boju naturally took one look and fell down. After falling in love at first sight, Zhang Boju vowed to marry Pan Su. At that time, Pan Su had been taken a fancy to by a powerful lieutenant general. On hearing that Zhang Boju was interested in Pan Su, the other party quickly sent someone to put Pan Su under house arrest. After all, Shanghai is not its own territory, so Zhang Boju made his friends buy off the soldiers and guards of the Lieutenant General and took Pan Su away overnight. A few days later, Pan Su and I returned to Beijing and got married soon. After marriage, Zhang Boju saw Pan Su's intelligence and asked someone to teach her landscape painting and ancient prose. Pan Su didn't live up to Zhang Boju's cultivation, studied meticulous painting seriously, and became an accomplished green landscape painter in the future, even Zhang Daqian was amazed. At the same time, he also distributed huge sums of money to other wives, ending the complicated marriage relationship and giving Pan Su the promise of "one person for life". Pan Su touched the pipa and splashed ink, Zhang Boju wrote lyrics and wrote poems, and the pipa and musical instruments sang harmoniously, which really can be described as "only admiring Yuanyang but not immortals". Pan Su's significance to Zhang Boju goes far beyond this: in the following years, countless joys and sorrows came to Zhang Boju like a storm, and Pan Su always accompanied him and never left. At first, Zhang Boju spent a lot of money on calligraphy and painting to satisfy his personal feelings. When he learned that a large number of precious cultural relics were lost to the people and sold abroad, his inner anxiety became heavier and heavier. That year, I heard that Pu Ru was going to resell the reply, and Zhang Boju couldn't sit still. Pu Ru, the grandson of Prince Gong, has a large number of calligraphy and painting treasures. Previously, he had sold the national treasure "Night White Map" to the British, and Zhang Boju stamped his feet with anger. Han Gan's "Taking a White Picture at Night" and this "Ping Fu Tie" are the original works of Lu Ji, a scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty, which are 1700 years ago. They are also the earliest handwriting of China, and are known as "the first post of China", which are stamped with the seals of famous artists of all ages. It goes without saying that this paper is full of brilliance and its cultural value. If it is lost overseas, it will become an eternal hate. Pu Ru said he was not short of money, but when Zhang Boju asked, he wanted 200,000 yuan. It's not cheap to be told over and over again. Zhang Boju can only forget about it. At 1937, Zhang Boju learned that Pu Ru's mother was critically ill, and it was time for lack of money. He borrowed $10,000 without saying anything. Finally, with the help of others, Zhang Boju spent 40,000 yuan to buy the reply post and successfully left this heavyweight national treasure in China. Since the publication of Lu Ji's "Ping Fu Tie", Zhang Boju has collected more than ten volumes of treasures such as Li Bai's original works, Du Mu's hand scrolls and Huang Tingjian's calligraphy. He sold several properties in Beijing and Tianjin in order to buy these precious ancient calligraphy and painting. 194 1 year, a sensational kidnapping case occurred in Shanghai, which almost killed Zhang Boju. On that day, Zhang Boju went out on business, and three big men appeared head-on, pulled out their guns and tied Zhang Boju away. Soon, Pan Su received a phone call, and the kidnappers demanded to hand over 2 million yuan, or they would tear up the ticket. Pan Su was anxious to ask for help everywhere: "Where can I get so much money now, not to mention 2 million, 1 10,000? It seems that I can only sell calligraphy and painting! " After mediation, Pan Su finally met Zhang Boju. At that time, Zhang Boju was as thin as a man, but he said to Pan Su, "I would rather die than sell! It doesn't matter whether you save me or not. Even if I die, you must protect me! " Not long after, the kidnappers were afraid of making a scene, so they gave Zhang Boju to a puppet leader in Shanghai. When Pan Su went to find someone, the other person actually asked for 20 gold bars. Pan Su was helpless, so he had to borrow money everywhere to redeem Zhang Boju. Zhang Boju said, "It doesn't matter if I die. They are my life." Pan Su also knows the significance of these collections to Zhang Boju, and has been carefully preserving them without any slack. When Beiping fell, Pan Su secretly sewed them in a quilt and took them out of Beijing in fear all the way, in order not to let any accidents happen to national treasures such as Pingfu Railway. 1946, someone reported in Beiping antique circle that Ma Jichuan, an antique dealer, was selling an unusual "Northeast product", that is, "You Chuntu". You Chuntu is the earliest existing painting in China, and it is known as "the first painting in the world". At that time, the Forbidden City was buying folk treasures. When Zhang Boju heard the news, he hoped that the Forbidden City would come forward to buy them. If the funds are insufficient, he is willing to turn around. However, Ma Jichuan offered a sky-high price of 800 taels of gold, and the Forbidden City could only look at the painting and sigh. When Zhan Ziqian's You Chuntu heard that Ma Jichuan was going to give the painting to foreigners, Zhang Boju repeatedly appealed: "This volume is about the history of the Chinese nation, and you must never leave the country. Anyone who changes hands with foreigners in order to earn more gold is a national scum and a sinner through the ages. I will never treat him lightly! " Ma Ji Chuan was a little scared and said, "220 taels of gold. Come and get it if you have money! "In order to chip in, Zhang Boju had to sell the house in Bowstring Hutong. You know, this house is unusual. It was originally the house of the great eunuch Li, which was built according to the scale of the Paiyun Hall in the Summer Palace. This is one of the most famous houses in Beijing. Ma Weidou once said, "If we put this house on hold today, it will cost more than one billion dollars to tear it down. "Who knows, when I got the gold, Ma Jichuan used the excuse of bad color, and" "I have to add another 20 taels, or I will sell it to others." Zhang Boju had to go home and beg Pan Su to sell gold and silver jewelry and take You Chuntu into his pocket. For one national treasure after another, Zhang Boju lost everything and would rather die than sell it. Who would have thought that in 1956, he decided to devote his life to the country. Among them, there are eight first-class treasures, such as Ping Fu Tie, You Chuntu, Du Mu's Handscroll and Fan Zhongyan's Handscroll. These eight paintings are the best in the world. Even then, every painting was priceless, and its cultural value was immeasurable. Therefore, Du Mu's calligraphy is well-known in academic circles: "Zhang Boju's donation alone has propped up half of the top paintings and calligraphy in the Forbidden City, which is unprecedented. Today, these donations are still the treasures of the town hall of the Palace Museum. To this end, * * * wanted to reward Zhang Boju with 200,000 yuan, but he didn't take any money and only promised to accept the certificate issued by the Ministry of Culture. Many people ask Zhang Boju why he should donate for free. He said: "people who don't know say that I collect fine works of Tang and Song Dynasties, and I don't hesitate to work, so I have great courage." Actually, I've worked very hard, and I can't do it satisfactorily. Gold is easy to get, but there are no two national treasures. I bought them not for money, but for fear that they would flow abroad. "In Zhang Boju's eyes, calligraphy and painting are the spiritual sustenance of the ancients, and our cultural world is the first, which really attracts foreign countries. These cultural relics, first of all, belong to a country and a nation, and they are worth staying at any cost. Fan Zhongyan's handwriting is pure, but he is such a person with national integrity, but he was labeled as a rightist a year later. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhang Boju recruited a group of old artists to rehearse the opera Ma Siyuan in response to the slogan of "Let a Hundred Flowers Bloom" and promote the development of Beijing Opera. Unexpectedly, he was attacked and regarded as a feudal remnant. He was immediately labeled as a rightist. Most people sigh when they are labeled. However, Zhang Boju's living at home is not a burden. During the liberation period, he had a close personal relationship with Chen Yi, a "Confucian handsome", and was regarded as a chess friend. Chen Yi felt ridiculous: "Zhang Boju, a scholar, has donated so many things to the country. How can he be a rightist? However, Zhang Boju was not angry. He said, "I don't care what hat I wear." . The life and death of a tiny mortal has nothing to do with the overall situation. But it's really wrong to call me reactionary. "In this regard, Chen Yi once wrote a poem and sent it to Zhang Boju: The snow is loose and the pine is tall and straight. You should know that pine trees are noble and noble before melting. He didn't know at that time that there was a bigger disaster waiting for him. From 65438 to 0966, Zhang Boju was characterized as "the current counter-revolution". When he was nearly 70 years old, he was sent to Lan Shu County to jump the queue. "Look at the county magistrate," such an old man, don't want us to raise him! " In desperation, Zhang Boju and Pan Su had to brave the heavy snow to return to Beijing. After returning to Beijing, I found that my home has become a community with more than a dozen families. The couple had to live in a small house of 10 square meter. They don't have hukou, so they can't get food stamps. The son of the Republic of China, who once owned hundreds of millions of property, had to rely on the help of relatives and friends to make a living. Although poor and miserable, Zhang Boju and Pan Su still paint and write poems at home, cultivating their temperament, as if they had never suffered any impact. At that time, many people who were insulted and framed were either indignant or lamented. Only Zhang Boju, as if nothing had happened. The gap in life didn't make Zhang Boju feel wronged. During the most difficult three years of the Cultural Revolution, someone visited him several times. Apart from his age, his mood and behavior are no different from those when he lived in Li's old house 20 years ago. I don't complain, I don't care about others, I'm calm, I'm still the same. The luxury of Zhang Boju is beyond the reach of ordinary people. For him, no matter how big the situation changes, he can't shake his heart, and no matter how big the storm strikes, he won't be trapped by it-the gains and losses of honor and disgrace are fleeting. 1982 In February, Zhang Boju was admitted to Peking University Hospital because of a cold. He was placed in an eight-person ward. Pan Su proposed to change to a single room or a double room, which is beneficial to the patient's rest, but the hospital refused because Zhang Boju was not qualified. The ward was very noisy, and Zhang Boju, 84, was in a bad mood when she witnessed the death of a patient beside her. Pan Su consulted with the hospital again, but it was still rejected. When Zhang Daqian's grandson visited Zhang Boju, Zhang Boju held his hand feebly and could only cry silently. Two days after Zhang Daqian's grandson visited Zhang Boju, another person died in the ward, and Zhang Boju became pneumonia. 1February 26th, 982, just the day before the approval of the superior leader, Zhang Boju had stopped breathing ... At that time, students from Zhang Boju ran to the gate of Peking University Hospital and shouted, "Does your hospital know who Zhang Boju is? He is a national treasure! The money he donated to the country alone is enough to buy several hospitals like you! " Many years later, Tao, the host who has always been smirking, talked about his death in the program, and he couldn't help crying and crying. He said, "Zhang Boju, he's not dead. You can't destroy him! At that time, he said,' I am not afraid of losing things, I will always be in the Forbidden City'. I tell you, we are all dead, and future generations will have Zhang Boju's name! " His life, like a boat, was involved in the torrent of history. Nowadays, few people know his name. When people sing praises for celebrities and masters, Zhang Boju is like an old newspaper, forgotten in the corner of history, and no one remembers it any more. Today, we have no reason not to know him. Please remember this person who worked hard for the country and the nation, Zhang Boju!