Li Qingzhao likes flowers. In many of her poems, there is the shadow and breath of flowers. When she was a girl, she had the joy and pleasure of "wandering in the depths of the lotus"; When she was newly married, she was as bright and fresh as a flower, "with the trace of rosy clouds and dew"; When Acacia left, she had the loneliness and sadness that "Mo Tao is not charming, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers"; When Pingju lived in the village, there was a light and fragrant color, which was "dull, with a soft corpus luteum and only fragrance in the distance". When she is old, she has the narcissism of "a thin shadow is still romantic on a moonlit night". These flowers are the catharsis and foil of her inner world and the portrayal of her self-image at every stage of her life.
In the word "ritual lips", "Stop shaking, get up and adjust your delicate hands". The dew is thick and thin, the sweat is light and the clothes are thorough. "Write a girlhood of Li Qingzhao, swinging happily in the dense fog, among the flowers and in the back garden. The phrase "dew is thick and flowers are thin" describes the scenery, but also sets off the beautiful face of the characters. Isn't it a symbol of the image of a "thin and sweaty" young poet with dew on the delicate branches? The beautiful and innocent form of this girl is on the paper, paving the way for the shyness of meeting strangers below. " "The Sequel of Caotang Poetry Talk" praised: "The film is full of emotions and the beauty lies in nature. How can it be an armchair strategist? " And the last sentence of "green plum" has no flowers and no feelings. At a glance, I can see the deep affection and shyness of the girl, and the flowers in my heart have quietly bloomed.
"Drunken Flowers" is Li Qingzhao's masterpiece of writing chrysanthemums, and the loneliness of autumn boudoir and the melancholy in boudoir set each other off. "according to? According to records, after seeing it, Zhao Mingcheng was amazed and unwilling to give in to the wind, so he stayed indoors and wrote fifty words without eating or sleeping for three days and nights. He incorporated this poem by Li Qingzhao into it and invited his friend Lu Defu to comment on it. Lu Defu played it over and over again and said, "Only three sentences are excellent. "Zhao Mingcheng asked which three sentences it was, and answered," There is no ecstasy, and the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. " This shows the beauty of these three sentences. It creates a state of desolation and loneliness in late autumn. It created an image of a lovesick young woman sighing and regretting the flowers when the west wind was slender and the festival was cold. Although chrysanthemum can't be compared with peony or orchid, as the flower of Ao Shuang, it has always been favored by literati. Some people praise its strong character, while others appreciate its lofty temperament. "There are still Ao Shuang branches in" Chrysanthemum Residues ". In Tao Yuanming's Drinking, the famous sentence "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely" combines the poet's interest with the beauty of nature, reaching the realm of forgetting both things and me. Like Tao Pengze, Li Qingzhao loves chrysanthemums. Try her Dolly (ode to the chrysanthemum);
The small building is cold and the night curtain is low. I hate the relentless rain, and I rub my muscles at night. Unlike, the imperial concubine is drunk, and unlike Sun Heshou, she is sad. Han Ling steals incense, and Xu Niang gives fragrance, but Mojiang doesn't write novels. If you look closely, you will find that Qu's charm is just right. When the breeze rises, the fragrance is clear and refreshing, and it is not reduced. Autumn is fading, the snow is clear and the jade is thin, which makes people feel infinite nostalgia. I seem to be worried about Gao Han, and I seem to be crying for a poem. There is a cool breeze in the month, the smoke is dark and the rain is dark, and the heavenly religion is gaunt and thin. I don't know how long I will stay from now on. Good human feelings, why remember more, Zepan Dongli.
Baiju was "damaged by friction" in the "ruthless wind and rain", but the harsh environment could not suppress her inner temperament beauty, and she still exuded fragrance. Her "gaunt, thin and elegant posture" attracted the love of poets. Love chrysanthemum deeply, is it unique to Yuan Ming? Its moral is also quite profound, not so much that poets love chrysanthemums, but rather that they hope to have an indifferent mood like the ancients. Therefore, in her ci, Li Qingzhao tried to use allusions instead of doing nothing like Yang Guifei and others. She should follow the example of Qu Yuan and Tao Qian and be an indomitable strange girl.
The ancients had plum wives and cranes, which showed their love for plum blossoms, but they didn't want a man to make a clear picture. A song "The Fisherman's Pride" is unique:
Spring comes in the snow, and cold plums adorn Qiongzhi. Face half open, charming and moving. During the court session, Jade People bathed in new makeup. Nature may have done it on purpose, so the moon is taught exquisitely. * * * The reward is a green ant. Don't get drunk, this flower can't compare with those flowers.
The first part focuses on the beauty of Han Mei's appearance, and Qiongzhi shows that Mei is aloof and noble, monopolizing the first spring. The novel metaphor of "Jade Man Bathing in New Makeup" shows that plums are as delicate as a beauty in a new bath and naturally beautiful. Wu Mei, the spirit is better. The next one is mainly lyrical, writing about the lofty sentiments of enjoying plum blossoms under the moon. The plum in the last snow is real and radiant; The second "Plum Blossom in the Moon" is fictional and stimulates people's imagination, while the upper and lower two are full of love for plum blossoms. The conclusion sentence "This flower is not comparable to a group of flowers" not only praises the noble character of different groups of plum blossoms, but also shows that he despises the common customs and is open-minded. At this point, the beauty of flowers and people, things and feelings are integrated into one, forming a unique artistic beauty. Li Qingzhao's "Jade House Spring" is a companion piece of this word, and it is also a way to enjoy plum blossoms by drinking. However, the meaning of expressing affection and cherishing plum in the words is implicit and meaningful. "Red crisp is willing to break the jade bud, and explore the southern branches to bloom all over the place", using "red crisp" as a metaphor for plum blossom petals like red coagulate fat, and "Qiongbao" as a description of the beauty and budding of plum blossom. "I don't know how much incense I borrowed, but I can see that it is infinite." It also captures the fragrance and posture of plum blossoms after they bloom. In her works (Fang), plum blossom "I don't know how to win rhyme" has won unanimous praise, but it is "embarrassed by rain and can't bear snow". Although plum is not afraid of cold, frost and snow, it is still a delicate flower, which is not easy to be trampled by wind and rain. This is a flower-like and inevitable fate. The fragrance of plum blossoms disappears like snow, which makes people hate spring and stay away from the ruthlessness of spring wind and rain. But she thinks it is best to "don't hate" and "be sure to trust the channels and sweep the traces." Traces are swept away and hard to find. Although traces are hard to find, family ties last forever! Imagine that on a beautiful night, the faint moonlight casts a beautiful shadow of plum branches. From this beautiful image, we can see Mei's handsome and romantic style, which should be a little affection left after it was swept away. Maybe it will reopen next year, bringing the message of spring. "The moonlight night, the pale color of the moon, and the romantic shadows" highlight the elegance and interest of plum blossoms, far from being comparable to those who use rhyme. Created a self-image of being aloof and confident in life after suffering.
"Partridge Sky" wrote osmanthus: "The yellow and faint corpus luteum is soft, and the feelings are far away and unique. Why light blue and deep red? It is a first-class flower. " Flowers are beautiful in red and expensive in green. Red peony and green sepals are especially popular among ordinary people. In Li Qingzhao's view, gender beauty and inner beauty are particularly important. Osmanthus fragrans is light in color and high in quality, so it is "the first among flowers". Just like this, Li Qingzhao does not please people with bright luster and rich and charming colors. Osmanthus fragrans is bright and dark, but Wen Ya is very soft. Like a quiet lady, it has its own unique charm, which makes people admire. She is indifferent and travels far away in the mountains. She just floated the rich fragrance into the world, just like a retired gentleman, winning the admiration of the world with her noble virtues and sentiments.
The flower images in Li Qingzhao's ci are quite colorful, and even a hundred flowers blossom. In the word "Hundred Flowers Garden", Li Qingzhao decorated a swaying literary world with her magical pen. She also showed her extraordinary spiritual world in the images of these flowers.
Xu Dinghui, deputy dean and associate professor of the School of Literature, Hubei University for Nationalities, is mainly engaged in the teaching and research of ancient poetry.