Yuji
On the first month of the year, the boat was crossing the river, and the sea breeze blew rain on the boat windows.
The clouds disappear in the Hengshan Pavilion, and the tide ebbs and the turtles avoid the rocks.
Who is the best in writing remonstrances? Jinan’s famous scholars are unparalleled in the past.
When the summer heat of the lake recedes, there are many fish and birds, which should be more beautiful than the angry ones.
Yu Ji (1272-1348) was a scholar and poet in the Yuan Dynasty. He once served as an assistant to Guozi, a compiler of Jixian, a direct bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and a bachelor of Guozi Jijiu, and a bachelor of Kuizhang Pavilion, and compiled and edited canons. This poem was written to bid farewell to Han Bogao, his friend who was dismissed from office due to a crime.
Han Bogao is Han Yong, also known as Bogao, from Jinan, Shandong. During the Yanyou period of the Yuan Dynasty, he was a Jinshi. He once served as the official of the Western Zhejiang Province and was responsible for cracking down on traitors and punishing corrupt officials. He was very prestigious. If he is an upright official, he will be worshiped by the imperial censor. If his uprightness is tabooed by others, he will be dismissed from office. Later, he became the general manager of Raozhou Road and went west to Taichung City. Qian Xian was appointed as the official of the Integrity and Inspection Department, and became an official of the fifth rank.
The first couplet describes the time when Han Bogao left office and the circumstances of crossing the river by boat. In the first month of the year, Han Bogao rode a large boat across the river, with the sea breeze and raindrops hitting the windows of the boat. This not only describes the real natural environment when crossing the river and encountered wind and rain, but also describes the political environment in which Han Bogao lived. "The sea breeze blows and rains on the ship's windows" is a very vivid description. It is inevitable that a ship crossing a river in wind and rain will be hit by wind and rain. In feudal society, those who dare to speak out and do things for the people are always not tolerated by sycophants and corrupt officials who prey on the people. The unfortunate experience of Han Bogao is a typical example. The poet contains deep love words in the scenery and expresses his deep sympathy for his friends.
The couplet is the poet’s encouragement and advice to Han Bogao. Of course, after the rain, there will be a rainbow hanging across the blue sky. This is an inevitable natural phenomenon. It was the first lunar month when Han Bogao set out. Although it was the time of "sea breeze and rain", there was no scene of "clouds disappearing in Hongni Hengshan Pavilion". It can be seen that the sentence "clouds disappearing" did not describe the actual scene at that time, but just followed the sentence "sea breeze" The association was born with the intention of encouraging friends to take a long-term view and to have a long-term view. As long as they overcome the current difficulties of "sea breeze blowing rain and splashing on the ship's windows", they will usher in the wonderful future of "Hauni Hengshan Pavilion". This is undoubtedly a huge spiritual encouragement for Han Bogao, who was demoted. The first sentence of this couplet uses the vivid metaphor of "the tide ebbs and the turtle avoids the stone bridge", warning friends to be cautious when they are in adversity, just like the mangy-headed turtle and crocodile at low tide, they must be good at avoiding stone bridges. , to avoid disaster. This is obviously for the friend's upright character. The poet spoke euphemistically and contained deep meaning in metaphors. Because there are turtles and turtles in the big rivers, and the friends are passing through the big rivers, it is very appropriate to advise friends that "squirrels and turtles should avoid rocks and turtles."
The neck couplet uses two allusions to strongly affirm and praise Han Bogao's upright and outspoken character. In the sentence "Who is the first to write remonstrances under the palace?" "quexia" refers to the place where the emperor lives under the palace. Here it refers to the imperial court. In the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu was demoted to Yangshan Order because the Shang Shu De Zong warned that the capital was suffering from drought and people were hungry; and because the Shang Shu Xian Zong advised against welcoming the Buddha's bones, he was demoted to the governor of Chaozhou. Han Yu is used here to compare Han Bogao, affirming his spirit of speaking out and daring to remonstrate. "Jinan famous people are unparalleled in the past" is also an allusion. Du Fu's poem "A Banquet with Li Bei Lou and Li Xia Pavilion" contains the line "There are many famous people in Jinan". "Historical Records: Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "(Xiao) He said: 'All generals are easy to hear, and as good as (Han) believers, the country's scholars are unparalleled.'" The poet very cleverly combined Du Fu's poems and Han Dynasty Xiao He's words praising Han Xin. In his poems, the names of people and places in Han Xin and Jinan are very consistent with Han Bogao, which is a high evaluation of Han Bogao's talent in governing the country. These two sentences were a great comfort and encouragement to Han Bogao. The poet's allusions are precise, profound and intriguing.
In the last couplet, the poet uses a sharp contrasting technique to persuade Han Bogao that it is a good thing to stay away from the whirlpool of political struggle, and that he should be relieved and relieved of his grievances and worries. After Han Bogao left office, he wanted to go to a place where "the lake is full of fish and birds". This is much better than expressing sorrow and lamentation in the face of raging waves or rapids. Obviously, the poet compares "the lake is full of fish and birds when the summer heat subsides" to the demoted place where the political struggle is relatively calm, and "angry long" is a metaphor for the whirlpool of the fierce political struggle in the court. Through this set of metaphors, Han Bogao will make some trade-offs, calm down some resentments, and yearn for the borderland where "the lake is full of fish and birds".
The first couplet of this poem blends scenes, the chin couplet is rich in associations, the neck couplet cleverly uses allusions, and the last couplet contrasts with metaphors. The emotions throughout the poem are ups and downs, the meaning is implicit, and it is very contagious.