Reflections on the Teaching of Selling Charcoal Weng 1 Selling Charcoal Weng is a poem selected from the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi's New Yuefu, which describes the hardships of an old man who makes a living by burning charcoal and exposes the evils of the court market in Tang Dynasty. If students want to understand this poem, they can't be divorced from the background of the times and the poet's consistent poetic proposition.
Bai Juyi wrote poems for ordinary people, and writing "New Yuefu" was also the most harmful time for the "palace market". Because of his understanding of the court market and his deep sympathy for the people, Selling Charcoal Weng is a true portrayal of the social reality at that time, and it places the poet's sympathy for the people. Learning this poem is to make students realize this point step by step in the process of reading.
First, lay the groundwork and dig deep into the theme
My teaching goal in this course is: through repeated reading, to understand the characters, to grasp the content of poetry, and to appreciate the center expressed by poetry. In order to achieve this goal step by step, I first chose an animated video of "Bai Juyi's Poetry Entering Chang 'an", which can not only stimulate students' interest in learning, create an atmosphere, but also preliminarily understand Bai Juyi's ambition of "writing poems for ordinary people". Then, when I introduced Bai Juyi, I consciously added his poetic proposition-"articles should be combined with the times, songs and poems should be combined with the phase", which paved the way for further research.
When designing the teaching process, I caught my first feeling when I was studying-"It's hard to sell charcoal!" As a breakthrough in teaching, because I think this is the most direct and profound feeling after reading this poem, students should be no exception. So in teaching, I designed such a question on the basis of students' repeated reading: What impression did this old man leave on you? Sure enough, the students spoke enthusiastically one after another and thought that he was an old man with a hard life, a miserable life and a poor life. This teaching experience made me understand that what moved me was what moved the students. Looking for a breakthrough from this angle will arouse a burst of ideas in our classroom.
Bitter! Difficult! This is our first impression of selling charcoal Weng, but we can't simply stay here to really understand this poem. How to deepen the impression, understand the characters, and let students deeply feel the poor experience of the charcoal seller? So I guide students to further describe the appearance and psychology of the elderly. Through repeated reading, from burning charcoal, transporting charcoal, selling charcoal and finally throwing charcoal, the image of the old man is highlighted in our minds one by one: the old man is still struggling to "reduce his salary and burn charcoal", his clothes are thin but he is eager to be frozen in the cold, dragging a heavy ox cart on the snowy road before dawn and watching HongLing Half Horse.
So, is this poem just to write about the suffering of the charcoal seller? What is the root of suffering? Is it accidental that selling charcoal Weng burns charcoal and only gets "half a red horse and a silk" in the end?
In the collision of students' thinking, the picture keeps flashing, and I can't help crying for such hardworking people as the old man. Some students couldn't help but say, "That's too bad! Those two ladies-in-waiting envoys are really hateful!" His statement was immediately unanimously endorsed by his classmates.
At this time, I immediately realized that the students had been immersed in the text, but it was still not enough! Strike while the iron is hot. "What kind of people do you think these two palace envoys are?" The students said angrily, "Robbers, shameless people, exploiters ..." "However, it cannot be ignored that the behavior of these two court envoys was inseparable from the social system at that time." Bai Juyi advocates that "songs and poems are combined into things", and "for things" is to reflect social reality. What was the social reality at that time? It is not difficult for us to find out from the after-class notes that the caption "Kugong City" in "Selling Charcoal Weng" is to reflect the pain brought by the palace city to the people. "Palace market" is the most rogue way for the Tang court to directly plunder people's property. It turned out that all the daily necessities needed by the imperial court were purchased by the government from the people. In the last years of Dezong Zhenyuan, eunuchs were used to buy directly from court envoys. The palace often sends hundreds of people to Chang 'an's East-West City and popular neighborhoods. When you meet something you like, just say "Miyagi", take it and leave. No one dares to ask. Sometimes I tear your two or three feet of old silk thread into pieces as a reward; Sometimes, instead of giving you any reward, you are asked to post "door money" and "foot price". Therefore, every time the palace envoys come out, even the small shops selling wine and biscuits are closed and afraid to do business.
In this way, the theme of poetry will come to the fore, and students' understanding of poetry will go up a storey still higher. They all pointed out that this poem reflects the great suffering brought by the court market to the working people, and Bai Juyi wrote this poem to express his deep sympathy for the working people at the lower level. When I used to teach poetry, I often thought it was too difficult for students to summarize the general idea, but now it seems that as long as they are properly guided and immersed in the text, they can understand the connotation of poetry.
Second, follow the text to learn and taste the language.
Reading is essential in Chinese class. Therefore, when designing teaching objectives, I regard reading aloud and language taste as a key point in the teaching process. It is hoped that through repeated reading, students can appreciate the language charm of excellent works, learn moderately useful language knowledge with the text, and deeply understand the theme of poetry.
Goethe once said: "Experienced people read with two eyes, one eye sees the words on the paper, and the other eye sees the back of the paper." The language of the charcoal seller is relatively simple, but if you want to read it thoroughly, you must understand the meaning behind simple poems. For example, a classmate read the poem "I am in rags, I am worried about charcoal, and I hope it will be cold" clearly and faintly. Although he understands that the clothes on the charcoal seller are very thin from this poem, he still hopes that the weather will be colder in order to sell charcoal at a good price. This understanding is of course correct, but obviously it is still not in place, because he did not deeply understand how strong the ambivalence of the elderly is, and naturally he could not understand the taste!
How to pronounce the taste? The "new curriculum standard" puts forward that Chinese should "let students read fully, feel the whole in reading and feel something in reading." Learning poetry and prose is a process of promoting reading by reading. Poetry is not a single row of parallel lines, but interrelated, which requires us to combine the context into a whole. So, I asked, "The charcoal seller wants to sell his charcoal at a good price so much. What will he do with the money? " Some students immediately found out, "Where did you get the money to sell charcoal?" ? Wear clothes and eat in your mouth. "Read these two sentences together. Do you make money by selling charcoal Weng? Obviously not. The poet didn't personally introduce the family economic situation of the charcoal seller to the readers, but asked his own questions and answered them, so that we can clearly see that the charcoal accumulated by the old man in Zhong Nanshan for a year is all his efforts, just to have clothes to eat!
At this time, the classmate who just finished talking about ideas can't wait to raise his hand and ask for his unfinished reading: in the cold winter, people can't wait to be wrapped up, and hope that the weather will get warmer soon, especially the old people wearing light clothes! But what do we see? "I'm worried about charcoal. I hope it's cold!" The word "wish" is a strong hope. Is he cold? It must be cold! May be shivering with cold, teeth chattering, but what is this compared with his only and urgent hope for survival? This time, when he read these two poems again, his classmates gave him warm applause.
I asked again, "What do you think is the best place for him to study?"
The student replied, "This time, he obviously stressed the words" poor "and" May the weather be cold ",and his feelings became stronger. He read out the author's deep sympathy for the charcoal seller! "
Yes, when we read poetry aloud, we are restoring the original taste of poetry and understanding the connotation of poetry as an author. His reading inspired the students' thinking, and some students immediately found the "red-striped half-horse silk" behind, which was something that the old man could not use at all and had no value. "Thousands of kilograms" of charcoal is exchanged for waste products that can't be eaten or put on. How the old people will live in the future is really worrying and endless "pity"!
I am very involved in this class and the students are very excited. They returned to the society thousands of years ago in class and felt the poet's deep sympathy for the people. But there is always something unsatisfactory in a class, such as the prominent role of contrast in poetry. If I can seize the opportunity at the right time, sort out several groups of contrasts and strengthen my understanding of contrasts in reading, the effect should be much better than if I explain them alone in practice. In addition, although I pay attention to reading aloud in class, the way of reading aloud seems a bit single. In the future, I will continue to work hard to make my classroom deeper and teaching more effective step by step. I will continue to make steady progress on the long road of Chinese teaching!
Reflections on the second part of the teaching of "Selling Charcoal Weng" Today, I had a class-"Selling Charcoal Weng", which was arranged by Professor Xia to teach ancient poetry. After class, the process from preparing lessons to attending classes is really worth reflecting on.
This ancient poem has been read many times, and each time it is different. Emphasis should be placed on reading aloud, character analysis and the author's emotional attitude. This class, my intention is how to become a real ancient poetry learning class.
The Chinese Curriculum Standard for Full-time Compulsory Education sets the goal of "reading ancient poems, and consciously improving the appreciation taste and aesthetic taste through accumulation, perception and application" for junior high school students. The requirement of "preliminary appreciation of simple ancient poems" is helpful to improve the appreciation level of ancient poems of junior high school students and also to improve their Chinese literacy.
According to the requirements of Curriculum Standards, I think the teaching objectives of this course should be set as follows:
1, experience the rhythm and rhythm of poetry and read poetry with emotion;
2. According to the relevant background of the work, understand the content of the poem and the author's emotion;
3. Understand the characters and writing in the poem.
Reasonable goal setting is the premise of a good class. With the guidance of goals, the setting of classroom links has direction and significance. According to this goal and the characteristics of poetry, the first classroom link I set is reading aloud. "Reading a book a hundred times is self-evident," especially poetry. Without a certain reading as the basis, the study of poetry must be pale. Based on reading aloud, my second class link is appreciation. On the basis of the first reading, I will read it again and appreciate the poem. In order to make the appreciation more profound, I added the background introduction of this poem and the creative thought of the poet Bai Juyi before the appreciation. In order to let the children have wonderful performance in class and achieve their learning goals, I first gave them an example to appreciate, and then gave them time to communicate and discuss in class. With these preparations, the children's group communication successfully completed the following appreciation. Through appreciation, the two characters in this narrative poem are leisurely from the poem. Of course, comparative writing techniques are naturally generated in appreciation.
The third link is to feel the poet's feelings, of course, by reading aloud, reading aloud with feelings. With the comparison of the first two links, the comparative appreciation of the characters and the introduction of the background, the poet's feelings will naturally follow. Although there are no poems that directly express the author's feelings, the emotional tendency between the lines of the poet is very obvious. In the process of reading, students found "pity" and "pity" under the teacher's prompt.
At this point, the teaching goal of this class has been achieved, but after repeated thinking, I still feel that there are many problems in this class.
First of all, I found that although my design focuses on reading aloud, the whole class doesn't leave much reading time for children. Although reading aloud is set in every link, it seems to be a grasping hand and does not really improve the quality of children's reading aloud.
It is necessary to lead the teaching of classical poetry, but I didn't demonstrate reading aloud in class, and the music was ready, just worried that there was not enough time. I just let the students read it by themselves and read it twice together. After correcting pronunciation, the demonstration reading should have happened, but it didn't happen, which led to the poetry reading teaching becoming a mere formality and failing to achieve substantive results. As teacher Zhang said later, poetry must be demonstrated and the teacher's leading role should be brought into play. I savor teacher Zhang's words carefully. Yes, am I caught in a strange circle where students always teach themselves? Some knowledge still needs to be demonstrated by teachers, especially the teaching of China's classical poems. For ancient poetry that has been passed down through the ages, it is even more necessary to lead and demonstrate.
With regard to the analysis of characters, I start with "Meeting is beautiful, but not all encounters are beautiful", let students imagine what will happen when a charcoal seller "meets" a court envoy, and guide them to think about why their meeting is doomed to be a tragedy. Let me give you an example, "grey temples and black fingers". At this time, the charcoal seller was an old man with gray temples, but his fingers were blackened by charcoal burning. This poem describes the portrait of the charcoal seller, showing that the charcoal seller is old, but he still has to burn charcoal for a living. So life is not easy. Let's take a look at the "maid of honor" coming to us. The description of the charcoal seller inspires students to analyze the characteristics of the "palace envoy" After a few minutes of thinking and discussion, the students talked about "dancing and riding horses" and wrote "court envoys" with their heads held high ... thus, the two characters in the poem were compared and analyzed. I think this link is very clever, but after class, I found that although it is said that students can do it through self-study discussion, I still talk too much. Because I am afraid that children will make mistakes, I can't help but give the results directly, not the ability of children to think for themselves. I know that this can't cultivate children's critical thinking ability, and I can't deprive them of the right to think and explore because they are eager to achieve their goals.
Classroom is the art of regret. Although regret can't be made up, it will leave a beautiful mark. Every regret will make me want to do it again. I hope every regret can make me progress continuously.
This is a short and pithy note novel. Through a short story between an oil seller and Chen Yaozi, the truth that "practice makes perfect" is explained in simple and easy-to-understand classical Chinese. This article is very story-telling and easy for students to understand. However, in the face of junior one students, to complete the teaching task within one class hour, students need to be prepared. When determining the teaching goal, I think about it and preset the teaching goal according to the routine. Students must be bored. It should be more interesting if we participate in and study teaching together. It must be a great sense of accomplishment to set goals for yourself and achieve them. Therefore, before the beginning of teaching, I didn't show my teaching goals as usual, but wrote out the key words in the class, so that students could seek and achieve their goals from their perspective and gain the joy of success.
Reflections on the Teaching of Selling Charcoal Weng Part III The text of Selling Oil Weng has basically reached the expected learning goal in terms of students' mastery, and students have gained something. And I think the greatest success is to grasp every link of teaching, stimulate students' interest in learning and fully mobilize their initiative in learning.
First, fully preview and boldly question.
Before class, I ask students to do a good preview: try to clear up the text barriers and find difficult words; Read through the text; Understand the general content of the article; Find the author's life, etc. Due to full preparation, students have the courage to ask their own questions and listen carefully to the explanations of classmates and teachers during teaching. After-class tests show that students can remember the words and expressions of this lesson quickly and firmly. Therefore, after full preparation, allowing students to ask questions freely not only cultivates students' ability to find and solve problems, but also improves students' interest in learning and the efficiency of classroom teaching.
Second, the role of reading aloud, learning from reading.
I have arranged for students to read aloud many times in my teaching. This article vividly depicts the characters in action, language and manner. From the language description, it clearly reproduces two people with completely different personalities, one is arrogant and the other is modest. In the reading and translation of different roles, students have a good grasp of the tone of their speeches, and their enthusiasm for reading is relatively high, and they have read their own feelings. For the relatively simple knowledge, I didn't explain it too much, so students can translate and evaluate it themselves.
Third, create a situation to stimulate interest
It can be said that the character image of the oil seller has long been concluded in the auxiliary materials of learning, but the students' expanding thinking is elusive. For example, when I ask, "What do you think the story contains through your understanding of the text?" Sometimes, "Practice makes perfect, don't be complacent, there is no end to learning, there are people outside ..." Students' thinking is very active, and their understanding of the text far exceeds my imagination. This also makes me deeply realize that if your enthusiasm for learning is fully stimulated, students will definitely give you a wonderful return. Today, with the new curriculum reform in full swing, our fundamental task is to improve students' Chinese learning efficiency, and then increase cultural heritage. In the future teaching, I will carefully study the teaching materials, be good at grasping this opportunity, brew this opportunity and strive to create this opportunity.
After the whole class, I feel very tight. Students are more enthusiastic about participating in the classroom. Of course, this class also has some shortcomings, because students are more active in class and have had many general answers. There are also students' answers, which are quite wonderful, but I didn't give short encouragement and comments, so we must pay attention to improvement in future teaching.
Reflections on the teaching of selling charcoal Weng Part IV Selling oil Weng is the first step in my classroom teaching. Although there are many unsatisfactory places in the teaching process, it has left me valuable experience.
Return the classroom to the students. The classroom should be the place where students solve problems, not the place where teachers show their talents. The problems found by students after class are brought to the classroom for centralized discussion. Through students' discussion and communication with students, teachers focus on learning on demand in order to solve doubts and doubts. In this kind of class, students give full play to their initiative and enthusiasm, especially in the process of dealing with function words in classical Chinese, students achieve the purpose of consolidation and learning through discussion and exchange, in which teachers are only guides and supplements of new knowledge. The classroom atmosphere is lively and harmonious, and there are many sparks of innovation, which are not available in traditional lectures.
Follow students' cognitive rules. From knowledge to method to emotion, this is the most basic cognitive law of students. Don't disturb or even reverse this rule. For classical Chinese, accumulation is the key. Without the accumulation of content words and function words, we must not blindly pursue text analysis. Many students are unwilling to learn classical Chinese because of language barriers, but in fact, there are very few words to learn in each classical Chinese. As long as students pay attention to accumulation, they can complete their understanding of unfamiliar classical Chinese. We must not ignore accumulation, which will affect students' reading comprehension ability of classical Chinese.
Attach importance to cultivating students' correct outlook on life and values. In fact, every article contains the author's views on life and values. In the teaching of this article, I use the method of "I want to say something to …" to summarize the students' emotional experience in this class in one sentence and share it with you.
But I also found many shortcomings in this class: first, we should guide students to make better use of after-school notes, some of which can not be used as the focus of discussion in class.
Secondly, the application of courseware should be flexible, and a lot of knowledge on courseware has been solved in class, but because courseware is designed before class, it is contradictory and repetitive with class, which wastes time.
Finally, it may be because students are nervous, and the situation of asking questions in class is not as good as usual. Only a part of the students answered the questions. In the future, we should try our best to arouse students' enthusiasm and let more students participate in it, so as to form a good situation in which everyone thinks and speaks in class.
Reflections on the teaching of selling charcoal Weng Part V The story of selling oil Weng is easy to understand, and there is no big obstacle for students to understand the meaning. By comparing the similarities between Chen Yaozi's skillful shooting and selling oil in the gourd, students can easily sum up the truth that practice makes perfect. The article is not long, but the characters are vivid. In teaching, guide students to grasp the key words such as expressions, language and movements of characters, ask questions in time and ponder over them repeatedly. It can be said that the image of the oil seller has long been conclusive in the auxiliary materials for learning, but for students, their expanding thinking is unpredictable, and there may be sparks of thinking through the analysis of sentences. What do you think this story contains through the understanding of the text? "Practice makes perfect, strive for perfection, guard against arrogance and rashness, learn endlessly, and there are people outside ..." Students' thinking is very active, and their understanding of the text is far beyond my imagination. In the hands-on practice of this link, students first try to pour water directly into the bottle, then try to pour water into the bottle with copper coins, and then read the oil selling link carefully to further understand the skills of selling oil Weng. In this link, no matter the students who have tried it or watched it, they all feel a lot and understand the truth that practice makes perfect more thoroughly.
Teaching is a regrettable art, and every class has its shortcomings, which need us to constantly improve and improve. There is a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down.
Reflections on the teaching of selling charcoal Weng 6 My teaching design mainly has the following advantages:
1, which embodies the new concept of the new curriculum standard: students as the main body and teachers as the leading factor. In the whole process, students use their language and brains, both individually and in groups. This is very suitable for the psychological characteristics of first-year students. It is easy to stimulate students' interest in learning classical Chinese.
2. Pay attention to the teaching of learning methods. Ye Lao once said, "Teaching is for not teaching". We teachers must be clear: it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. Recitation is the most basic and main method in classical Chinese teaching. In the third part of teaching, I gave the students reading guidance. "The Oil Soldier" is a text of Unit 7 in the first volume of Grade 7 (Chinese version). There are two stories like this in classical Chinese, such as Two Stories in the World, Cai Mian's Resolute Repaying the Party Wealth, and Dai Zhen's Difficult to Teach. By learning this text, primary school students can learn these three articles in the same way, so as to get the opportunity to draw inferences from others and turn knowledge into learning ability.