Wang Anshi
Go into seclusion and worship the class, and the dust will not return to Zhongshan.
Why you must be more familiar with Huang Liang, and you realize that the world is a dream.
Song annotated Wang's poem: "This poem is also called a bachelor." Today's Li Deshen's Chronicle of Wang Anshi's Poems also thinks this statement is credible. Therefore, this poem by Wang Anshi is considered to be the first year of Zongshen Xining, that is, A.D. 1069. Song Shenzong ascended the throne this year, young and eager to make a difference. Zong Shen took a fancy to Wang Anshi's talent, and Wang Anshi also seized this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and returned to Beijing to start preparations for the implementation of the new law. As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he wrote a letter to Zongshen and put forward his own theory and basis of political reform. In the second year, he became the deputy prime minister, comprehensively implemented new laws such as "equal damage to young crops" and began his vigorous reform movement. This poem should have been written on his way to Beijing by imperial edict.
The first sentence, "Going back to work in the old days", means that you are old, appreciated by the emperor, and returned to the court to be an official. "Investing in the old" means getting old and getting old. Wang Anshi was 48 years old this year. He used to be a judge and magistrate in Beijing, but retired to Jiangning because of his mother's funeral. I'm going back to Beijing this time, so I said "back". "Sacrificial stratum" refers to the stratum serving the king.
The second sentence, "the dust can't see Zhongshan again", means running all the way, the dust is flying, and even Zhongshan can't be seen. Zhongshan, that is, Shan Jiang, is now Nanjing Purple Mountain. Wang Anshi's ancestral home is Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Jiangxi). Because his parents were buried in Zhongshan, Jiangning, it became his second hometown and his later retirement place. "Dust" also means "earthly", which means that he ended his semi-secluded life in Zhongshan after his mother's funeral and once again devoted himself to human troubles.
Three or four sentences use the allusion of "Huang Liangmeng". This story can be found in Tang Shen Gigi's legendary novel The Story of the Pillow. Lu Weng, a Taoist priest, met a scholar Lu Sheng at the China Travel Service in Handan Road. Lu sheng's career was frustrated and he sighed. Lu Weng took out a pillow from his bag and handed it to him. Lu Sheng fell asleep with a pillow in her arms. In his dream, he went out to enjoy the splendor and finally died of illness. When I woke up, I was still lying in the hotel and Lu Weng was sitting next to me. The yellow rice cooked by the shopkeeper is not ripe yet. This story is derived from Gan Bao's Notes on Searching Ji Shen Corner and Hu Miao, which is more tortuous and rich than Gan Bao's story, adding impermanence and dreamlike life elements, and has a strong Taoist color. At the same time, it is inextricably linked with the widespread spread of Buddhist thought. Buddhism believes that life is like a dream, and "dream" is one of the "ten metaphors", which is illusory and unreal. The reality of life is also illusory and unreal. Great wisdom theory: "If you dream, everything in the dream is not true, but you laugh at yourself when you know nothing.". People are also. " "Vimalakīrti Jing" also said: "Like a dream." Not only that, everything in the world is impermanent. The last section of the Diamond Sutra says: "Everything has its own way, such as dreaming, dew and electricity, so we should look at it this way." This negates the real world more thoroughly than Taoist thought. The foundation of the ruling class in the Song Dynasty was not very stable, and the political struggle was often life-and-death, very intense, and life was unpredictable and difficult to see the sun. Scholar-officials had to seek explanation and liberation from Buddhist thought. In addition, due to the development of Zen itself, a group of scholars often meditate with monks, answer questions and sing back and forth. Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and others. It's all like this, and Wang Anshi can't avoid it. He is a desperate reformer who sticks to his own opinions and is loyal to Zhao and Song, but he can't completely avoid inner contradictions and conflicts. He reversed the allusion of "Huang Liangmeng" and said, "Huang Liangmeng doesn't need to be familiar with it, the world is just a dream". On the one hand, it shows that he has seen the world, saying that he is sober about his political career, has no unrealistic illusions about the future and destiny of the political reform, and does not need the inspiration of "Huang Liangmeng", which embodies a spirit of no hesitation; On the other hand, it inevitably shows that he still accepts the influence of Buddhist worldview, which shows that he still attributes the development and changes of things in the world to a helpless explanation of "love love love".
This poem is short and pithy, clear and coherent. When the author is about to show his grand plan, his mood is not high, and the style of his poems is even close to melancholy and desolation. But only in this way can we more accurately describe the characters and minds of politicians in this era who have experienced vicissitudes, matured and stubborn, and made progress despite difficulties.