With the sound of firecrackers, the spring breeze sends warmth into Tu Su.
every family always changes new peaches for old ones.
Wang Anshi's "Yuan Ri" (The Dragon Book "Except the Sun") can be regarded as a leader in writing poems about New Year's Day. He not only recorded the customs of the Song Dynasty on New Year's Eve and January Day, but also wrote about the situation of welcoming the new year in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and expressed his own philosophical concept: "One year is removed from the firecrackers, and the spring wind sends warmth into Tu Su." Children's Day is a children's day for thousands of families, and they always replace the new peaches with the old ones, saying that they were sent away for a year in the sound of firecrackers, and in the warm spring breeze, the whole family enjoyed drinking Tu Su wine. Tu Su wine, which is the wine soaked with Tu Su Cao, was a folk custom at that time. On the first day of the first month, every family drank Tu Su wine in the order of young first and then long. Lu Tong, a Tang Dynasty poet, said in his poem "Except Night": "Be diligent and cherish this night, and this night is wandering around. Don't say goodbye when the candle is exhausted, and the cock crow is old and new. ..... who will be the last person to hold the cup tomorrow "; Su Zhe, a Song Dynasty poet, wrote in his poem "In addition to Japan": "If you drink Tu Su at the end of every year, you won't realize that you have been over 7 years." Both poems mentioned the custom of the elderly drinking at the end. Drinking probably started at midnight just after the New Year. Tu Su, also known as "Tu Su" and "Tu Su", is a custom of drinking Tu Su in the ancient Yuan Dynasty. The reason why Tu Su wine was drunk in the Yuan Dynasty is because of a legend or a story: "It is said that Tu Su is the name of a grass temple. Once upon a time, there were people who lived in a grass temple. Every year, except for the night, they left a medicine patch in the well, so that the bag was soaked in the well, and the water was taken on the Yuan day, and it was placed in a wine bottle for the whole family to drink, so as not to get sick of the plague. Today, people have their own way and don't know their names, but they are just called Tu Su. " (Tang Han Wei's "Years of Hua Ji Li"-"Yuan Ri": "Entering Tu Su" Note) The last two sentences in Wang Anshi's poem say that during the vigil, thousands of families ushered in a red sun, and then they exchanged new peach symbols for the old ones. Taofu involves another custom: it is said that there is a big peach tree in Dushuo Mountain in the East China Sea, under which there is tea and depression. Er Shen, you can eat all kinds of ghosts. Therefore, there is the custom of painting Er Shen on the door with mahogany boards to ward off ghosts and evil spirits. "The Story of Jingchu's Age": "On the first day of the first month, a picture was posted on a chicken house, a reed rope was hung on it, and a peach symbol was inserted next to it, and all ghosts were afraid of it." After the Five Dynasties, Shu began to write couplets on the Taofu board, then changed books to paper and evolved into the later Spring Festival couplets. Lu You wrote a poem: "Half a lamp of Tu Su has not been lifted yet, and the grass in front of the lamp writes peach symbols" ("Snow at Night"), which is a vivid record of this custom.
Of course, as a great politician and philosopher, Wang Anshi's purpose in writing this poem is not simply to record the folk customs of the Spring Festival in the Song Dynasty, but to express his political ideal of getting rid of the old and innovating. Judging from Wang Anshi's other excellent poems, conveying the beauty of change, innovation and loneliness that is not understood by the world is indeed his main poetic expression, such as the praise of the rising sun, the "green" movement in "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan" and the cheers of spring.