Speaking of Yan Shu in the history of literature, many people will marvel at his famous sentence in recent years, "Last night, the west wind withered the green trees, and I climbed the building alone and looked at the horizon." The lyrical hostess in the poem misses the lover who goes out. During the day, she watched autumn chrysanthemums pile up, fragrant orchids weep, swallows Qi Fei and birds sing. At night, the bright moon shines around the house, the shadow falls to the ground, and the wind fades green. Climb The Upper Terrace, hoping to see lovers at the end of Tianya Road. Mr. Wang Guowei borrowed the yearning feelings in his poems, and changed the yearning object from man to the cause of learning, and evolved the first realm that great men must go through-the pursuit of loneliness. This has nothing to do with the original intention of the lyrics, but it is handy and the semantics are naturally wonderful. This quotation makes Mr. Wang Guowei's own realm theory vivid, and it is also a praise for Yan Shu's works.
Yan Shu's ci works give people the most obvious feeling that their breath is calm and their words are exquisite and colorful. Take Huanxisha as an example:
A new song and a glass of wine, the weather was old last year. When will the sunset come back? There's nothing to do, bloom's flowers fall, and it's like deja vu when Yan returns. Wandering alone in the small garden, fragrant path.
The language of this word is easy to understand, but its connotation is very intriguing and philosophical.
An old man who has lived for decades, while writing lyrics and drinking leisurely, suddenly thought that last year was also these days, and it was also on this pavilion, as if there was a scene today. Is this a repeat? Or is it back to last year's scene? If time and space can be reversed, when will the sunset return? In fact, the poet knows very well that he is not mentally retarded at all. It's something that people can't help. Why bother? If there is anything, there will be a swallow nesting on the beam that has just returned. We are not strangers, but also familiar.
The poet has a faint nostalgia for the lost beauty. Poets have the vision to discover new things, the enthusiasm and joy to accept new things, and they don't blindly hurt spring and mourn autumn, which is extremely valuable.
Plato, the great philosopher of ancient Greece, quoted two judgments in his masterpiece "Taiyada": ① The sun is new every day; One cannot step into the same river twice. This may be a little earlier than Plato's Heraclitus (ancient Greek philosopher) said. Heraclitus and China's Laozi are almost contemporary, and their dialectical thoughts are strikingly similar. Laozi believes that beauty and ugliness go hand in hand, and the advantages and disadvantages depend on each other. Heraclitus believes that the world is a unity composed of opposites. He said, "The latter dies, the former lives, the former dies, and the latter lives", "Everything is born of one, and one is born of everything". Everything is always in a rheological state.
Many knowledgeable people at all times and all over the world believe that things are always changing, and things exist in contradictions and opposites. Therefore, the wisest choice of people's thoughts and behaviors should be to adapt to changes, accept the existence of opposites, constantly adjust their emotions, and finally consciously adapt to nature.
Yan Shu is famous for being young and clever. At the age of fifteen, Song Zhenzong gave him a scholar's background, and his career in officialdom has been ups and downs for the next fifty years. At that time, he was the prime minister in charge of the country's military and political power, worthy of the name, under one person and above ten thousand people; When I wasted the most time, I also spared the foreign junior official and was repeatedly tossed.
In his early forties, he was demoted as a deputy minister, and in his fifties, he became a prime minister, which suffered two major blows. Once, because Song Renzong asked him to write an epitaph for Li Chenfei, he dared not write the truth that Injong was born in Chen Fei, so he was demoted. Very dramatic, it became the historical fact of the play "Civet cats for princes" edited by later generations. The situation is probably like this: Queen Liu is barren, which is very dangerous in the feudal royal family where the mother and son are noble, and her status may be replaced by a concubine who gave birth to a son at any time. At this time, the pregnant woman who was favored by Zhenzong was pregnant, and Queen Liu got pregnant with a brainwave. When Empress Liu came to give birth, she bribed the eunuchs and servants in the palace, spread rumors and gave birth to a deformed child, but quietly held her son by her side, saying that she was born by herself. At that time, it was absolutely top secret, deceiving the emperor, officials and people of Zhenzong. The son was later made a prince and succeeded to the throne. This is Emperor Injong. Later, Emperor Injong did not know what way to prove his life experience, so when writing an epitaph for his mother Chen Fei, he asked Yan Shu to tell the truth about the life experience of Emperor Injong. At that time, Queen Liu was still alive. As the empress dowager, she had been in politics for ten years. In that case, maybe you've lost your head. If someone else wrote it, I'm afraid I dare not write it. This matter was not declassified until the death of Queen Liu. Then Yan Shu also resumed her post.
Another blow was that Emperor Injong wanted to make a difference after he came to power. He reused a group of young reformers such as Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi and Ouyang Xiu and promoted the "Qingli New Deal". However, due to the conflict between the old and the new, the old school prevailed, and the reform was not promoted for a year and a half, so it was forced to terminate. All the above four people were demoted to foreign posts, and all four were Yan Shu's proteges. Yan Shu's "Magnolia" is about this matter and the feelings at that time:
After Hong Yan, the oriole came back and counted thousands of things. When you think about it carefully, life is ups and downs and inextricably linked. Wen Qin thanked the immortal couple, but he couldn't stay after breaking Se. Don't let the world be intoxicated, but I am sober, don't drink as much as flowers, and let the wine numb my broken heart.
At the beginning of the reform, there were a lot of talents and great weather. But in a blink of an eye, the New Deal was suspended, and the talents gathered were like fairy companions and scattered like autumn clouds. Yan Shu, as the backstage boss, wants to protect them, but no one can stay, not even himself. In a word, persuading people not to wake up alone is actually persuading themselves to be less confused and less troubled. Because of his special position, many words can't and can't be said directly, but they are suppressed, so Yan Shu confided euphemistically in the tone of love words.
Another farewell message, Xi Qian Ying, expressed similar feelings more bluntly:
Flowers are inexhaustible, and willows are inexhaustible. You should feel the same way with me. Every ship is empty, somewhere tomorrow.
Zhu Xian is taciturn and has few bosom friends. If there is love in the sky, you should be old. I advise you to look at Vanity Fair. This ancient dream is boundless.
When friends are frustrated, they say goodbye to each other and feel infinite. Once we lived together day and night, struggled together, looked forward to the bright future of reforming state affairs, rejoiced in our achievements, and made suggestions for a certain difficulty. But now it's all over and the reform has failed. It's not the joy of success, it's not the medal of commendation, it's sin, it's a merciless blow. Losers can only hide quietly and lick their wounds like defeated animals.
The first movie of this word says that we are like endless willows, and there is too much affection between us. Let's condense these feelings into this glass of wine and drink it, believing that life will always meet. If the first movie is to advise with emotion, then the next movie is to advise with reason. My friend left drunk, the piano was silent, and I lost a bosom friend around me. If God is affectionate, he should cry for me. But it's nothing. Vanity Fair in officialdom has been like this since ancient times. It's not surprising to see more, but it's like a dream of spring plus a nightmare, and it's all empty in the end.
Come to time and space, go to time and space. Yan Shu has been an official for 50 years, leaving no family wealth. The only good thing is that his youngest son, Yan, has a good taste in literature, and has written many romantic and affectionate euphemisms, which can almost be rated as shine on you rather than Blue. For example, his "Linjiang Xian" is very representative and interesting:
After the dream, the balcony is locked high and the curtains hang low after drinking. When hatred came last spring. Falling Flowers Independent, Swift Qi Fei. I remember Xiaoping's first sight, and her focus was on the word se. Acacia is written on the string of pipa. At that time, the bright moon was there, and it had returned according to the colorful clouds.
Yan Zi named Xiao Shan, and many critics called his ci "Xiao Shan Ci". Almost all his words are "colorful sleeves hold jade clocks diligently, but they are drunk when fighting." Dance with a low heart and sing a peach blossom fan "(Xiaoshan Ci" Partridge Sky "). The emotion revealed between the lines is "I am drunk and disabled in spring." "Wild pear flowers are withered with rain and tears" (Xiaoshan's poem "Partridge Sky"), which is slightly painful and sad. There are also sad words, such as "I want to turn intoxication into sadness." Don't break your heart by singing clear songs "(Xiaoshan's poem Ruan Langgui). The beauty of his writing is nothing more than "the pipa string says acacia". "At that time, the bright moon was like a colorful cloud."
Hill is second only to the royal family. He had a good life since childhood and received a good education. But he has no intention of official career, and his interest is only in poetry, wine and beauty. He is close to his friends' four singers, Lian, Hong, Ping and Yun. He wrote many lyrics for them at the banquet, and the four of them became popular later. With the passage of time, Xiaoshan's family has declined, and life has gone from bad to worse, leading a precarious life. The four beauties left Feng Yun in autumn, and Xiaoshan finally realized the warmth of human feelings and the coldness of the world. There is a "youth brigade" that is very bleak:
What's more, things are different, and eventually they meet. Shallow feelings are like the end, the clouds are uncertain, and they are still in the dream. The wishes of the poor are thinner than clouds and fresh water, and it is more difficult to be kind. I didn't think about it carefully, but many places broke my heart. I don't agree with that person.
This word says: running water will meet in the sea eventually, lovers and uncertain clouds are the hardest to meet, but they can also recall in their sleep, but the thinness of human feelings is unexpected, and the most heartbreaking and sad things in the past are not comparable to the current experience. It is true that Yan Xiaoshan became rich first and then declined, and finally fell into the bottom of society, making him like eating sugar cane from head to toe. The more he eats, the more sour he becomes, and the more he crosses, the more bitter he becomes, but he is a very unique person. Huang Tingjian, a great poet and calligrapher in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, commented that Yan Xiaoshan was an idiot in "Preface to the Mountains". He was four idiots: his career was bumpy, but he didn't go to the door of power. This delusion is really incredible. Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi, Ouyang Xiu and many others were his father Yan Shu's proteges, and later they all became prime ministers or deputy prime ministers. Yan Shu, known as the Prime Minister of Taiping for many years, has two meanings: one is peace and prosperity, and the other is calm and gentle personality and good popularity. Presumably most of these people know Yan Xiaoshan. As long as they find him, I'm afraid they will care about the teacher-student relationship and give him some attention. However, Yan Xiaoshan's biggest official was only appointed as the supervisor of Xutian Town, Yingchang Prefecture, which is probably equivalent to a mayor today. He never goes to his father's old people when he is in trouble. This should be a noble pride and backbone. The second idiot said that he read a lot and wrote well, but he didn't take the Jinshi exam and didn't pursue a developed career. The third idiot said that he was not good at managing money, and millions of possessions were squandered, which finally made the family unable to survive. The fourth idiot seems incredible to most people. He said that he was bullied or even persecuted but never resented others. He never even doubted that others would be sorry for himself and always treated others well. It can be seen from the above four idiots that Xiaoshan is an innocent, kind and lovely poet. Completely inherited the calm quality of his father, but also inherited the graceful and romantic style of ci.