Liu Yuchong, whose name is unknown, was from Cangzhou. The ancestor Houzhai Gongduo and Changhe ① were withdrawn by nature and liked to talk about ancient systems, but this was not feasible in practice. Changqian ②Dong Tianshi painted, Qian Houzhai published the title. There is a poem in "Qiulin Reading" that says: "I am standing at the root of an autumn tree, but I have no companions. I don't know what book to read? But I see that my eyebrows are old. I only worry about what I hold in my hand, or the well field genealogy ③." It is also a rule. Occasionally I got an ancient military book and read it for many years. I thought I could command a hundred thousand soldiers. There will be local bandits who train local soldiers to fight against them. The whole team will be defeated and almost captured. He also obtained ancient water conservancy books and read them for years, claiming that he could turn thousands of miles into fertile soil. Drawing columns ④ state officials. The state official also did good things, so he tried it in a village. The ditch has just been formed, and the water is so strong that when it pours in along the ditch, people are almost like fish. As a result, he was depressed and unsatisfied. He walked alone on the court steps, shook his head and said to himself: "How could the ancients deceive me?" This happened thousands of times, but only these six words. Soon, he fell ill and died. Later, on nights when the wind was clear and the moon was white, I would see his soul walking alone under the pines and cypresses in front of the tomb, shaking his head. Listen carefully and recite these six words. Or if you laugh at it, you will hide it. Wait for it the next day and come back again. Those who stick to the past are stupid, how can they be stupid or even stupid? He Wenqin Gongchang taught Yun ⑦: "A belly full of books can harm things, but not having a book in the belly can also harm things. The game of state does not waste old records, but does not cling to old records; Chinese medicine does not rely on ancient prescriptions, but does not depart from ancient prescriptions." Therefore, it is said: "God knows it, and it depends on the person." It is also said: "You can behave with others, but you cannot make others clever." (Selected from Ji Yun's "Yuewei Cottage Notes") [Summary] There is a saying. Liu Yuchong is a scholar with a withdrawn personality and likes to talk about ancient systems. Once he accidentally got an ancient military book, and after studying it for a year, he claimed that he could command an army of 100,000 people. At this time, someone gathered to rebel, so Liu Yuchong trained a team of rural soldiers to suppress it. As a result, the whole team was defeated, and he himself was almost captured. Later, he obtained another ancient water conservancy work, read it for a year, and claimed that he could transform thousands of miles of barren soil into fertile farmland. The state official asked him to test it in a village. As a result, the ditch had just been dug, and it rained heavily. The flood flowed into the village along the channel, and almost all the people in the village were drowned. From then on, Liu Yuchong was depressed. He always walked alone in the courtyard every day, shaking his head a thousand times and muttering to himself: "How could the ancients deceive me?" Soon he died of depression. 〔Notes〕①Xian Gaozu: Called the deceased Gaozu. Sing harmoniously: reply to each other with poems. ②Qian: Please. ③Jingtian genealogy: It is said that the well-field system was implemented in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In order to solve the real land problem, some scholar-officials in later generations tried to restore the well-field system and draw maps. This was a foolish act of retrospect. ④ Qian: seek. ⑤ ditch: ditch. 洫: Field waterway. ⑥歘: Same as "欻(xū)", the appearance of a flash of fire. ⑦ Yun: The author himself, Ji Yun. ⑧Two sentences of "神儿": The words come from "Book of Changes". It means that having the highest wisdom and being able to see things deeply can only exist in certain people. ⑨ Two sentences of "Neng Yu": the words come from "Mencius". This means that carpenters can teach others the principles of making, but they may not necessarily make others highly skilled. That needs to be sought by oneself.
Liu Yuchong can only copy some knowledge from books, but does not know how to apply it flexibly in practice. People who can only talk on paper.
Liu Yuchong, no one remembers his name until now, is from Cangzhou. My late great-grandfather Hou Zhaigong often sang poems and poems with him in those days. He has a withdrawn personality and likes to pay attention to ancient systems, but in fact they are pedantic and unworkable theories. He once asked Dong Tianshi to paint for him, and asked Hou Zhaigong to write poems on the paintings. Among them was a picture of reading in the autumn forest, and the poem was: "Sitting at the root of an autumn tree, with no companions, I don't know what book to read. But seeing that my eyebrows are old, I only worry about what I hold in my hand, or the Jingtian genealogy." This is the advice given to him by Hou Zhai's public poem.
He accidentally came across an ancient military book and read it carefully at his desk. He felt that he could lead a hundred thousand soldiers to charge into battle. It happened that bandits appeared in the village at that time, so Liu Yuchong trained his own soldiers to fight with the bandits. However, the whole team was defeated and he was almost captured by the bandits. He also happened to get an ancient water conservancy book and read it at his desk for several years. He thought he could make some achievements. His ability turned thousands of miles of wasteland into a fertile land. He drew a map and went to the state official to lobby for advice. The state official was also a good person, so he asked him to use a village to try to transform it. The canal had just been built, and the flood came and poured in along the canal. , almost all the people in the village drowned and turned into fish.
So he became depressed from then on, always walking alone in front of the courtyard steps, shaking his head and saying to himself: "(How could the ancients deceive me!)" Just like this every day. I muttered these six words to myself a thousand times. Soon Liu Yuchong died of depression.
Later on, every night when the wind was clear and the moon was white, people would often see his ghost walking under the cypress tree in front of the tomb, shaking his head and listening carefully. The ghost still said these six words. . Sometimes the people who heard it laughed at him, and the ghost would disappear immediately. If he went there again the next day, he would still see the ghost walking alone and mumbling to himself. People who stick to ancient books are a bit dull, but how could they stay like this?
Master He Wenqin once taught me: "A book full of scriptures will harm your judgment of things, but not reading a single book will also harm your judgment of things. Great chess players do not He will discard the chess records handed down from ancient times, but he will not be very attached to the old records; a wise doctor will not stick to the prescriptions handed down from ancient times, but he will not deviate from the ancient prescriptions based on his experience. Therefore, he said: "What can be done to perfection." "It mainly depends on the person doing it." He also said: "You can teach people the standard steps to do anything, but it is impossible to make people smart."
”