-strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs
Song Qi 1
Huangshan Mountain stretches for hundreds of miles, with thousands of peaks and valleys everywhere. Pinus taiwanensis, distributed in mountainous areas above 800 meters above sea level, takes stone as its mother and is firmly rooted in the cracks of huge stones. The needles of Pinus taiwanensis are thick and short, lush and dense, and the branches are sparse and diverse. Or lean straight against the shore, or on the independent peak, or hang upside down, or crown flat as a cover, or sharp as a sword. Some follow the cliff and pass by the stone; Some of them broke through the cracks and broke free from the stones. Suddenly hanging, lying and rising, "no tree is not loose, no stone is not loose, no pine is not strange."
Pinus taiwanensis is a variety of Pinus taiwanensis formed by the unique topography and climate of Huangshan Mountain. Pinus taiwanensis generally grows above 800 meters above sea level, usually at the north slope 1500- 1700 meters and the south slope 1000- 1600 meters. The variety of Pinus taiwanensis has a great relationship with the natural environment of Huangshan Mountain. The seeds of Pinus taiwanensis can be carried by the wind to the cracks in granite, where they germinate and take root and grow with invincible strength. The soil in Huangshan Mountain is scarce, but the red feldspar in granite contains potassium. After a thunderstorm in summer, nitrogen in the air becomes nitrogen salt, which can be absorbed by rocks and soil, and then by the roots of pine trees. The roots of pine trees constantly secrete an organic acid, which can slowly dissolve rocks and decompose mineral salts in rocks for their own use; Flowers, leaves and other plants. Decomposition into fertilizer after decomposition; In this way, Pinus taiwanensis can survive and grow in barren rock crevices. The terrain is rugged and the cliffs are stacked vertically and horizontally. Pinus taiwanensis can't grow vertically, but can only grow zigzag or even downward. Because of its resistance to storms and frost, Pinus taiwanensis has short and thick needles, flat and sharp crown, dark green color, and extremely tough and elastic trunk and branches. Another feature of Pinus taiwanensis is that many pine trees only grow branches on one side due to wind and sun. Pinus taiwanensis is tough, proud and beautiful, but its growth environment is very difficult, so its growth rate is extremely slow. A tall yellow pine is often hundreds of years old, even hundreds of years old; Roots are often several times or dozens of times longer than trunks. Because of its deep roots, Pinus taiwanensis can stand firmly on the rocks, but it is still young after wind and frost.
The most famous Huangshan pines are: Yingbin Pine (located in front of the Shishi in Yupinglou), Farewell Pine (located on the right side of Yupinglou), Putuan Pine (located in Lianhua Valley), Phoenix Pine (located in Tianhai), Qipaisong (located in Pingtian Stone Bridge), Yinzi Pine (located in Shixinfeng), Kirin Pine (located between Beihai Hotel and Qingliangtai) and Black Tiger Pine (located in Liangqingtai). Someone has compiled "Ming Song Ji" before, which contains many Huangshan pines. There are hundreds of pine trees there, each with a unique beautiful and elegant style.
2. Strange rocks
Four wonders of Huangshan [1] One of the "four wonders" of Huangshan, the strange stones are famous for their strangeness. There are more than 120 named strange stones. Its form can be described as strange and amazing. Like people and things, like birds and beasts, they have different shapes and vivid images. The grotesque rocks in Huangshan Mountain have different tastes from different locations and in different weather, which can be described as "one peak is on the side of the ridge, with different heights". Its distribution can be described as all over the peaks and valleys, or standing on the peaks or teasing the slopes, or accompanied by pines and cypresses, forming a natural rock picture.
There are thousands of rocks and valleys in Huangshan Mountain, and there are many strange rocks on almost every peak, which were formed in the Quaternary Glacier Period about 6.5438+0 million years ago. Shanshi Huang is "strange" because it has different shapes from different angles. Standing in front of the Mid-Levels Temple, overlooking a big stone on Tiandu Peak, it looks like a rooster spreading its wings and crowing, hence the name "the golden rooster is called Tianmen". However, looking back at Longpanpo, this rooster seems to be transformed into five elderly people with fluttering clothes and holding hands, and was renamed as "the five old people in heaven". Yellow mountain peaks and seas, jagged rocks, and wonders abound. Strange pines and rocks often set each other off. It is said that there are more than 65,438+0,200 famous stones in Huangshan Mountain, such as the dream flower in Beihai, the "Magpie Climbing Plum Flower" (the immortal shows the way), the old monk who collects herbs, Su Wu shepherding, flying stones and so on. Most of them are three-point images and seven-point imagination, which empathize with the stone psychologically and create a stubborn stone out of thin air. When appreciating, we might as well fully mobilize our subjective creativity, so as to obtain higher aesthetic enjoyment.
3, the sea of clouds
Huang Shanyun has been an ocean since ancient times. Huangshan is a land of clouds, with peaks as the body and clouds as the clothes. Its magnificent "sea of clouds" is famous for its beauty, victory, strangeness and illusion, and it is impressive all year round, especially in winter. According to the sea of clouds, the whole mountain has East China Sea, South China Sea, West Sea, North Sea and Tianhai; Climbing Lotus Peak, Tiandu Peak and Guangmingding, you can have a panoramic view of all the seas and appreciate the scene that "the sea is the end shore, and I am the peak at the top of the mountain".
Most mountains can see the sea of clouds, but the sea of clouds in Huangshan has its own characteristics. The strange peaks and rocks and Gu Song are looming in the sea of clouds, adding more beauty. Huangshan is cloudy for more than 200 days a year. After the rain, the water vapor rises or the fog does not disappear, which will form a sea of clouds, endless and magnificent. The peaks and valleys of Huangshan Mountain are all submerged in the waves of the sea of clouds, and Tiandu Peak and Guangmingding have become isolated islands in the vast sea of clouds. The sun shines, the clouds are whiter, the pines are greener and the rocks are more exotic. Clouds are scattered between the peaks, and clouds are coming and going, which is unpredictable. When it is calm, the sea of clouds is everywhere, and the waves are as flat as a mirror, reflecting picturesque mountains and rivers. In the distance, the sky is high and the sea is wide, the peaks are like boats, and it seems to be within reach in the vicinity. I can't help but want to pick up a handful of clouds to feel its gentle texture. Suddenly, the wind is surging, the waves are rolling, the waves are rough, the waves are mighty, and there are even rapids. The white waves are empty and the waves are lapping on the shore, like a thousand troops sweeping the peak. When the breeze blows gently, the clouds are slow and trickle, passing through the gaps between the peaks; The sea of clouds gradually dispersed, faint, a ray of sunshine sprinkled with gold, colorful, ups and downs, fleeting. Sunrise in the sea of clouds, sunset in the sea of clouds, dazzling and colorful.
Mangroves are shrouded in mist, and patches of red leaves float on the sea of clouds, which is a rare spectacle in Huangshan Mountain in late autumn. When the sea of clouds passes by, the double shear peaks in the North Sea are constrained by the peaks on both sides, flowing out between the two peaks and pouring down, like a rushing river or a white hukou waterfall. You can feel the power of undercurrent and gushing in the soft and quiet, which is another wonder of Huangshan Mountain.
Yupinglou looks at the South China Sea, the balcony looks at the North Sea, Paiyunge looks at the West Sea, Baieling looks at the East China Sea, and Squid Peak looks at the sky and the sea. Due to the topography of the valley, sometimes the clouds in the West Sea cover the fog, but the smoke on Baieling Mountain is misty, and the layers of colored leaves are stained with golden light. In fact, the North Sea is clear and Wan Li, and people rush up and down for the beauty of the sea of clouds, which is called "catching the sea".
4. Hot springs
One of the "four wonders" of Huangshan Mountain, the hot spring (called Tangquan in ancient times) originated at the foot of Ziyun Peak at an altitude of 850 meters. The water quality is mainly bicarbonate, which can be drunk and bathed. According to legend, Emperor Xuanyuan bathed here on July 49, rejuvenating and full of feathers, so it was also called "Lingquan".
Huangshan Hot Spring starts from Ziyun Peak and faces Taohua Peak across the stream. It is the first stop to visit the gate of Huangshan Mountain and enter Huangshan Mountain. The amount of sunrise in hot springs is about 400 tons, which is constant all the year round, and the water temperature is around 42 degrees all the year round. It belongs to alpine hot springs. Huangshan Hot Spring has a certain curative effect on some diseases of digestive, nervous, cardiovascular, metabolic and motor systems, especially skin diseases.
Huangshan three waterfalls
Huangshan has 36 sources, 24 streams, 20 deep pools, 17 deep springs, 3 waterfalls, 2 lakes and 1 pool. In addition to hot springs, there are waterfalls, Quanming, Bitan and Qingxi in Huangshan water. Every time after the rain, there is flowing water everywhere, sparkling, waterfalls sound like thunder, springs sound like strings, and gongs and drums. There are "herringbone Waterfall", "Baizhang Spring" and "Jiulong Waterfall", which are also called the three famous waterfalls of Huangshan Mountain. The herringbone waterfall, called Feiyu Spring in ancient times, flows between the two peaks of Zishi and Zhusha. The dangerous rock is in the abdomen of Shiting Rock, and the clear spring runs down the wall from left to right, forming the herringbone waterfall. The best viewing place is the "Guanwaterfall Building" in the hot spring area. The Jiulong Waterfall originated from Tiandu Peak, Yuping Peak, An Dan Peak and Zhang Xianfeng, and fell between Luohan Peak and Luxiang Peak in nine stacks, each with a pool called Jiulong Lake. The ancients said, "The flying spring can't tolerate a waterfall, and the cliff supports the sky and hangs Kowloon." It is the most magnificent waterfall in Huangshan Mountain. Baizhang Waterfall is between Qingtan of Huangshan Mountain and Ziyun Peak, and descends along the cliff of thousands of feet, forming Baizhang Waterfall. There are nearly a hundred pagodas, and there is a waterfall pavilion in front of the door.