Moon over the Xijiang River" by Xin Qiji
The magpies are startled by the bright moon on the other branches,
The cicadas sing in the breeze in the middle of the night.
The fragrance of rice flowers speaks of a good harvest,
Listen to the sound of frogs.
Seven or eight stars are outside the sky,
Two or three points of rain are in front of the mountain.
In the old days, by the forest of Maodian Society,
I suddenly saw a bridge over a stream when the road turned.
Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields (Part 3)
Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" has five poems in one poem, and this is the third of them. On the surface, this poem is about the joy of pastoral labor and the idea of ??retreating to the mountains and forests; but comparing this poem with other poems, the author's "wish" actually has a special connotation.
At the foot of the southern mountain where beans are planted, there are few bean seedlings in the grass.
These two sentences are written about planting beans at the foot of Nanshan. The grass is lush but the bean seedlings are sparse. The sentence starts very plainly, like an old farmer standing there talking, which makes people feel very friendly.
In the morning, I clean up the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight.
In order to prevent the bean fields from becoming barren, the poet went to the fields early in the morning and came back in the evening under the moonlight. Although it is very hard, he does not complain, which can be seen from the beautiful scenery of "Returning to Hoe with Moon Lotuses".
The road is narrow, the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes.
I don’t regret the stain on my clothes, but my wishes are fulfilled.
The road is narrow, the grass is long, and the dew stains your clothes, but what’s the pity if your clothes get wet? This sentence seems plain, but this plainness exactly reflects the last sentence, "But my wish will not go against me", which makes "My wish will not go against me" fully emphasized. The "wish" here also implies not to lose yourself in the dirty real world.
The language of this poem is very plain and natural. "Beans are planted at the foot of the southern mountain" and "Evening dew touches my clothes" are as simple as being spoken casually without any modification. This natural and plain verse is integrated into the mellow artistic conception of the whole poem, which elevates the spoken language to poetry, harmoniously unifying the plainness of the spoken language and the mellowness of the poetry, forming the plain and mellow artistic characteristics of Tao's poetry.
Tao's poems are both plain and full of interest. The interest of Tao's poems comes from freehand brushwork. "Returning from hoeing with a moon load", although the poet returning from labor is alone, he is accompanied by a bright moon. Under the moonlight, the poet carries a hoe on his shoulder and walks through the waist-deep grass. What a beautiful picture of returning to farming on a moonlit night! It is filled with the poet's joyful mood and pride of retreat.
"Growing beans at the foot of the southern mountain" is a plain sentence, and "returning with hoeing under the moonlight" is a beautiful sentence; the first sentence is true, and the second sentence is false. The whole poem complements each other with plainness and beauty, real scene and virtual scene, soft and perfect.
"Passing the Old Friend's Village"
"Passing the Old Friend's Village" writes about the poet's special feelings and understanding of being in the outside world, which reflects his leisurely poetic style.
This poem describes the poet's feelings about the pastoral atmosphere.
An old friend invited me to Tian’s house with chicken and millet.
Write that a friend invited me to be a guest. The simple and down-to-earth narrative of "Going to Chicken Millet" and "Going to Tian's House" expresses the sincere feelings between old friends and is filled with joyful Tian family sentiment.
The green trees are adjacent to the village, and the green mountains and hills are sloping outside.
Written about the scenery of mountain villages. The green trees surrounding the village are a close-up view; the green mountains outside Guo are a distant view. As you get closer and farther away, the scenery becomes more and more open, creating a quiet and tranquil atmosphere.
Open a dining room and chat over wine.
Write some wine gossip. As soon as the window is opened, what comes to the face is the grain farm and vegetable garden, with green trees and green mountains in the distance. Close friends are drinking wine and talking about farming, and the wind brings the smell of soil and crops. This pastoral scenery is simply intoxicating!
On the Double Ninth Festival, there will be chrysanthemums.
The poet told his friend: I will come to your house to drink chrysanthemum wine on Double Ninth Festival. The harmonious feelings between friends and the poet's love for the countryside are beyond words.
Meng Haoran's landscape pastoral poems have made great achievements in art. He is good at using seemingly plain descriptions to create profound and lofty artistic conceptions. "Crossing the Village of My Old Friend" is a good example of his style.
It is worth emphasizing that Meng Haoran’s pastoral interest is, after all, the leisure and tranquility of feudal literati, which is essentially different from the pastoral interest of laborers.
Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake
Bai Juyi
North of Gushan Temple and west of Jia Pavilion,
The water surface is initially flat and the clouds are low.
The poet traveled to the West Lake in the spring, from the north of Gushan Temple to the west of Jiagong Pavilion. Looking at the horizontal embankment of the lake in the distance, the white clouds were low on the water, as if he wanted to explore the water to wash. Spring is here, and the water in West Lake has risen.
Early orioles are vying for warmth in several places,
Whose new swallows are pecking at the spring mud.
As the poet walked along, he could occasionally see the early oriole flying up to the sunny branches to sing. Fly back to build a nest. When spring arrives in West Lake, the birds begin to become active.
The random flowers are becoming more and more charming,
Only in Asakusa can there be no horseshoes.
The poet saw that the wild flowers on the roadside seemed to have not bloomed yet, but soon they would blossom into colorful flowers, dazzling the eyes; the grass was already green, but the grass was not deep enough. Just buried under it. In the spring of West Lake, everything is full of vitality.
My favorite lake is not enough eastward,
The white sand embankment in the shade of green poplars.
Finally, the poet came to the white sand embankment shaded by green willows. The scenery here was so beautiful that people couldn't bear to leave for a long time, so he said with admiration: This is my favorite place! < /p>
The purpose of this poem about the West Lake is not to introduce a certain scenic spot or a certain scene, but to describe the flourishing spring on the lake from an overall perspective. To this end, the author adopts two writing methods: 1. Describe the scenery while traveling. It starts from Gushan Temple to Jia Gongting, and ends with the White Sand Embankment of East Lake. The poet’s footprints cover most of the West Lake; 2. Combining the selection of typical examples with classification and arrangement: the four sentences in the middle are about orioles, swallows, flowers, and grass, which best reflect the spring scenery. The scenery, warblers and swallows are birds and belong to animals, while flowers and grass are plants. This choice and combination is unique.
Poets are also good at grasping the characteristics of scenery and using the most accurate and expressive words to describe and render it. In poems, water, clouds, orioles, swallows, flowers, and grass are all written like this. Let's take a look at the two words "gradual desire" and "talent" in "The flowers gradually become more charming, and Asakusa has no horse hooves." How dynamic are the two words "Desire" and "Talent", which express the vitality of the flowers and Asakusa.
In the first six sentences, the poet has described the spring scenery of West Lake very beautifully. At the end, he said that he "favorites" the white sand embankment in the east of the lake. As for how lovely it is, except for pointing out that it is in the "green "Yang Yinli", without any description, it is entirely up to the readers to associate and imagine based on the previous description, thus achieving the effect of "infinite opinions hidden behind the words". Poetry is expensive and subtle. Such a subtle ending is even more valuable.
Mr. Shu Huyin's Bi
Wang Anshi was a famous politician in the Northern Song Dynasty of my country. History has given him mixed praise and criticism for his political achievements, but for his literary achievements All praised. Many of his poems are written in a unique style, with both superb literary color and deep ideological content, and are deeply loved by people. Many of his poems pay attention to organization and rhythm, and their wording and sentence construction are very careful, and they are of high appreciation value. In this poem, the words "protecting the fields" and "plating the gates" in "A river of water protects the fields and surrounds them with green, and two mountains with rows of gates bring greenery" are both profound allusions and the rhetorical techniques are also very superb. There are two poems in this poem, this is the first one.
This poem is written from the inside to the outside of the courtyard, and the courtyard is also a compliment to the owner. Only by writing outside the courtyard in this way can the landscape be filled with affection.
The eaves are long and moss-free, and the flowers and trees are planted by hand.
"Thatched eaves" refers to the courtyard, which shows the simplicity of the owner's house. However, the owner loves cleanliness and is very diligent. The courtyard is often cleaned, and it is always clean and comfortable. "Quiet" means "clean", even the moss has been swept away, needless to say, how neat it must be. There are even more pleasing flowers and trees, all kinds of colors, neat and colorful, all cultivated by the owner himself. The poet praised the master, how full of interest in life he was, how he used his own hands to make the entire courtyard clean and beautiful.
A river of water protects the fields and surrounds them with green, and two mountains with rows of gates bring in green.
The scenery in front of the door is a river, a piece of farmland, and two green mountains. In the eyes of the poet, the mountains and rivers also have friendship for this noble-minded master. The poet uses personification to write "one water" and "two mountains" into friendly and humane images. The winding river surrounds the green farmland, just like a mother protecting her child with her hands. There is a word "protect" and the word "round" also looks so affectionate. Seeing the beauty of the courtyard and the owner's love for beauty, the green hills in front of the door rushed to add color to the owner's courtyard. They pushed the door in without bothering to knock and offered their own piece of green. The poet used his divine pen to write famous lines that have been passed down through the ages.
Visiting Shanxi Village
"Visiting Shanxi Village" vividly depicts the beautiful rural scenery and is full of rich flavor of life. Among them, "Mountains and rivers are full of doubts, but there is no way, and there is a village with dark willows and flowers." contains philosophy and has been passed down to this day.
Mo Xiao’s farmer’s wine is thick with wax and wine. During the good years, there are enough chickens and dolphins for guests.
Although the farmhouse does not have good wine, it still has to keep enough chickens and meat to entertain guests in good years. This sentence describes the harvest years and the farmers' hospitable and honest character.
The mountains and rivers are full of doubts and there is no way out, and there is another village with dark willows and bright flowers.
This is a scene in motion, describing the twists and turns of the scenery. "Mountains and Rivers Return" shows the complex terrain, showing the endless changes in the mountains and rivers passing through. The word "suspicious" indicates that this changing scenery is caused by the author's subjective feelings. "Another Village" wrote about his joy. These two sentences describe the state of a road that is doubtful but actually exists, and a scene that seems to be gone but comes back again, which contains the philosophy of life.
The flutes and drums follow the spring society, and the clothes and clothes are simple and ancient.
Describes the lively scene on the eve of the rural community day. The commune day has not yet arrived, but the farmers are already playing flutes and drums, going around in groups, and wearing simple clothes. "Ancient style remains", using the simplicity of farmers' clothing to praise their honest and simple character.
From now on, if I am allowed to take advantage of the moonlight, I will knock on the door all the time and night with my stick.
This sentence describes the subjective state of mind. If I have time to travel by moonlight in the future, I will knock on your door at any time with a cane. The author's reluctance is beyond words. The poet was intoxicated by the mountain scenery and the human beauty of the countryside, and expressed his heartfelt sigh for this outing.
The language of this poem is simple and fresh, creating an image of a tourist. The whole poem closely follows the word "you" and unfolds the narrative according to the passage of time, with clear layers and vivid language. The two couplets in the middle are naturally neat and neat, showing the poet's extraordinary skill in refining words.