Where to look at China? Eyes full of scenery, Beigu Building. How many things have risen and fallen through the ages? Youyou The Yangtze River is endless. I was so young that I didn't stop fighting in the southeast. Who is the hero of the world? Cao Liu. Children should be like Sun Zhongmou. Nanxiangzi Dengjingkou Beigu Pavilion Youhuai Translation and Notes
Translation Where can I see the Central Plains? On the North Gulou, there are beautiful scenery everywhere. Since ancient times, how many countries have risen and fallen? I don't know The past is continuous, like the endless Yangtze River. In his youth, Sun Quan became the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces. He can occupy the southeast, persist in the war of resistance, and never bow to and yield to the enemy. Who is Sun Quan's opponent, the hero of the world? Only Cao Cao and Liu Bei. It is no wonder that Cao Cao said, "If only I could have a son like Sun Quan!
Note 1 Nanxiangzi: epigraph name. 2 Jingkou: Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province today. Beigu Pavilion: In today's Beigu Mountain in Zhenjiang City, it faces the Yangtze River and is surrounded by water on three sides. 3 look: look out. Shenzhou: This refers to the Central Plains. 4 Beigu Building: namely Beigu Pavilion. 5 rise and fall: refers to the rise and fall of the country and the replacement of dynasties. 6 youyou: describe long and long. 7 years old: young. Refers to Sun Quan's 19-year-old stepfather and brother who ruled Jiangdong. D ? u mou: refers to thousands of troops and horses. Originally refers to the helmet worn by soldiers in ancient times, here refers to soldiers. 8 sit off: sit in the town, occupy, and separate. Southeast: It means that Wu was located in the southeast when he was in the Three Kingdoms. Hugh: Stop. 9 adversary: an opponent with equal ability. Ten Cao Liu: Cao Cao and Liu Bei. ⑾ A son should be like Sun Zhongmou: Cao Cao led a great army to the south, and when he saw Sun Quan's army, he sighed with shame: "A son should be like Sun Zhongmou, and Liu Jingsheng's son is like a dolphin and a dog's ear. "Nanxiangzi Dengjingkou Beigu Pavilion has a creative background
Xin Qiji was appointed as the magistrate of Shaoxing and the peace envoy of eastern Zhejiang at the end of June in 123 (the third year of Jiatai in Song Ningzong), and was sent to Zhenjiang to be the magistrate in March of the following year. Zhenjiang, once a place where heroes used to make great contributions in history, has become the second line of defense against the Jin people. Whenever he visited Beigu Pavilion in Jingkou (i.e Zhenjiang), he was touched by the scene and was deeply impressed. This word was written under this background. Nanxiangzi Dengjingkou Beigu Pavilion is appreciative
Take back the distant sight and look at the scenery near the Beigu Building: "The mountains and rivers of the ages have never been found, and the heroes are nowhere to be found, but Sun Zhongmou is located. The dance floor of the year is still in, but the heroes have long gone by the passage of time. "("Yong Yu Le Jing Kou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia ") This can not help but arouse the feeling of the rise and fall of poets through the ages. Therefore, the poet then asked: "How many things have risen and fallen through the ages? This question is meaningful and memorable throughout the ages. However, the past is long, the hero is gone, and only this endless river is still rolling eastward. "leisurely, endless Yangtze river rolling flow! The "leisurely" person also refers to the long time and the infinite thoughts of the poet.
"The Yangtze River is rolling endlessly", to borrow a poem from Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain: "leaves are dropping down like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river always rolling on. The poet's endless worries and feelings in his chest are like a flowing river. "Young Wan Dou, sit off the southeast war. Sun Quan in the Three Kingdoms period commanded thousands of troops at a young age, and fought hard in the southeast corner. According to historical records, Sun Quan ruled Jiangdong at the age of 19, marched to Huang Zu in the west, rejected Cao Cao in the north, and took control of one side. Battle of Red Cliffs defeated Cao Bing at the age of 27. Therefore, it can be said that the above two sentences are true historical events, because it is true history, so it is more convincing and appealing. Here, the author highlights Sun Quan's youth, "youth" and dares to compete with Cao Cao, a formidable enemy with great talent and vast numbers of soldiers, which requires extraordinary courage and boldness of vision. Second, it highlights Sun Quan's unparalleled martial arts, and he continues to fight and grow. And his "sitting off the southeast" situation is similar to that of the Southern Song Dynasty. Obviously, Jia Xuan warmly praised Sun Quan's fearless nemesis, loyal opposition, and won the battle, which is a contrast to the mediocrity, incompetence and cowardice of the civil and military people of the current dynasty.
Next, in order to further develop this meaning, Xin Qiji did not hesitate to exaggerate Sun Quan's arrogance with exaggerated pen. He asked an unusual question for the third time to remind people: "Who is the hero in the world? The author asked himself and answered himself: "Cao Liu", only Cao Cao and Liu Beier! According to the Records of the History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu and Biography of the Ancestors, Cao Cao once said to Liu Bei, "The heroes in the world today are only the monarch (Liu Bei) and Cao Er. Xin Qiji borrowed this story and invited Cao Cao and Liu Bei to be supporting roles for Sun Quan, saying that only Cao Cao and Liu Bei could compete with Sun Quan for victory. Cao, Liu and Sun are wise and talented, but Sun Quan may not be above Cao Liu. Jia Xuan's evaluation of Sun Quan in "Ten Treatises on Mei Qin" is not full of praise. However, in this first poem, the ci poets praised Sun Quan as a first-class hero of the Three Kingdoms era. The reason why he used pen so much is that he lamented that there was no man with great wisdom and courage in the Southern Song Dynasty. This kind of intention is more at the end of the article. Here, the author strongly praises Sun Quan's youth and outstanding martial arts. The reason is that Sun Quan "sits in the southeast", and the situation is very similar to that of the Southern Song Dynasty. The author's enthusiastic praise of Sun Quan's fear of strong enemies is actually a whipping to the court of the Southern Song Dynasty, which has no courage to steal peace.
The Biography of the History of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Shu and Wu Zhu, quoted in Wu Li, said: Cao Cao once confronted Sun Quan, and saw that Wu Jun was on a warship, and Sun Quan was handsome and majestic, but he sighed with shame: "A son should be like Sun Zhongmou, and a son of Liu Jingsheng (Liu Biao) should be like a dolphin and a dog! Like Cao Cao, the hero of the first world looks with admiration at the strong who dare to compete with himself, while for the coward who surrendered without fighting, such as Liu Congze, the son of Liu Jingsheng, he is very contemptuous and dismissed as a pig and dog that can be slaughtered. Give the great mountains and rivers to the enemy, but also laugh at and abuse the enemy. The author quoted the first half of the sentence here, without explicitly saying the second half. In fact, he borrowed Cao Cao's words to satirize that the ministers who presided over the discussion at that time were all pigs and dogs like Liu Jingsheng's son. This unique expression technique was wonderful and implied.
The two kinds of people praised and criticized by Cao Cao are in sharp contrast. In the crumbling political situation in the Southern Song Dynasty, there are also two kinds of people: the main battle and the main and the main. Clever poets only write positive articles, but they don't name Liu Jingsheng's son as a villain to show the public. However, even if the author does not reveal it, it can make people feel self-evident. Because the above-mentioned words of Cao Cao are well known, although Xin Qiji only said the first compliment, people will immediately think of the latter swearing words, thus making people realize Xin Qiji's subtext: it is ridiculous that many princes and ministers who made peace talks at the current dynasty were all pigs and dogs like Liu Jingsheng's son. This unique expression of the poet is quite similar to the role of two-part allegorical sayings. Moreover, in writing, this sentence has a continuous meaning with the previous two sentences, and it is naturally connected. In the last two sentences, only Cao Cao and Liu Bei are worthy of being called Sun Quan's opponents. Even Cao Cao said that having a son should be like Sun Quan. From the implication and ideological depth of the sentence "Give birth to a child like Sun Zhongmou", it is a reflection of the unique social psychology of that era that people in the Southern Song Dynasty paid so much attention to Sun Quan. Because the courthouse in the Southern Song Dynasty was so dispirited and mediocre, in history, Sun Quan was able to dominate Jiangdong for a while, but after several generations of emperors in the Southern Song Dynasty, there was no one like Sun Quan. Therefore, the phrase "Give birth to a child like Sun Zhongmou" was originally the language of Cao Cao, but when it was uttered by Xin Qiji, it represented the voice of the times when people in the Southern Song Dynasty demanded to work hard.
this word is full of three questions and three answers, echoing each other, feeling magnificent and lofty. Compared with Jia Xuan's another poem "Yong Yu Le Jing Kou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia" written in Beigu Pavilion at the same time, it is lively in style, depressed and frustrated, and it is the same as nostalgia for the past, and its writing is quite different from its interest, and both of them can yet be regarded as eternal songs, which also shows Xin Qiji's colorful handwriting.
Poems: Nanxiangzi Dengjingkou Beigu Pavilion Youhuai Poems Author: Xin Qiji's poems in Song Dynasty are classified into three hundred poems in Song Dynasty, ancient poems in junior middle school, bold and unconstrained, historical nostalgia, patriotism, allusions and satire.