Compilation and revision of the new meanings of the three classics
Wang Anshi's new learning is mainly composed of poetic meaning, book meaning and Wednesday, which are collectively called "three classics and new meanings" This is the theme of Wang Anshi's new learning, which is to train scholars through classics.
Among the three meanings of Wang Anshi's new learning, Zhou is the basis of the reform, and Wang Anshi personally teaches and explains the knife method. The other two meanings are explained by his sons Wang He and Lv Huiqing. After the new interpretation, it is authoritative and feasible, just like the law, and it is issued by the government.
Once published, all scholars are afraid to follow. Wang Anshi's new law also marked the end of Confucian classics in Han and Tang dynasties and ushered in a new era of Song studies.
Although Wang Anshi's new learning is mainly based on three classics and new meanings, it has a wide range of contents, including Zi Shuo, Lao Zi Zhu, ZaShuo and other important works, and even more supports Mencius.
Since the promulgation of Wang Anshi's new school, it has been supported by a large number of people. Many scholars have become scholars of the school, and Wang Anshi's new school has also become an official school. The influence of Wang Anshi's new learning lasted for nearly 60 years, which was the ruling field of Wang Anshi's new learning from the beginning of its promulgation to the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. The rise of Wang Anshi's new learning became the most powerful and potential school in the late Northern Song Dynasty.
The decline of Wang Anshi's new learning is his deep sleep. After Wang Anshi's death, his new learning changed qualitatively. Since then, there has been no influential scholar to guide and carry forward his new learning. This school has even become a tool used by Cai Jing and others to exclude dissidents.
Wang Anshi's educational thought is similar to the current national educational policy. Let's first look at the essence of Wang Anshi's educational thought.
Wang Anshi sculpture
One: Wang Anshi paid special attention to the role of education and the learning and training the day after tomorrow, so during his official career, he expanded his school and attached importance to education and personnel training. In education, it is undoubtedly progressive and innovative to implement reform, oppose rote learning and advocate autonomous learning. Therefore, once this idea was put forward, it was strongly opposed by conservatives. They were Confucian scholars who were poisoned by Confucian classics since childhood and could not understand this innovative learning thinking and way.
Two: Wang Anshi pays attention to the cultivation of talents. Wang Anshi's way of thinking is undoubtedly advanced, and talents are the pillars of the country. The rise and fall of a country is closely related to talents. Social progress needs excellent talents to pave the way, which is also a major problem that the country is facing and needs to solve now. If a country wants to develop, it must have a large number of innovative talents, and these talents are trained through education, which is enough to see the importance of education. In other words, Wang Anshi grasped the root of national development.
Third, the practicality of teaching content. In feudal society, everyone memorized four books and five classics, which can be described as an armchair strategist. Wang Anshi's educational thought is to let students learn literature and martial arts, develop in all aspects, and have practical provisions on learning content, so that scholars can apply what they have learned in the future.
Looking at modern times from Wang Anshi's educational thought, Wang Anshi's educational thought is the current educational policy. It can be said that Wang Anshi realized the importance of education and how to do it thousands of years ago. He needs innovative thinking, pragmatic attitude and persistent spirit to guide people to carry out reform, which is also the enlightenment of Wang Anshi's educational thought in modern times.
Wang Anshi's Ci Wang Anshi has a certain position in the political and literary circles of the Northern Song Dynasty. He is an all-powerful figure in political circles and initiated political reform to improve the social pattern of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the literary world, he has a high literary attainments and is listed as one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His life is rich in works, not only in poetry, but also in prose and ci, and Wang Anshi's ci is unique.
Cinnamon? Appreciation of Jinling's nostalgic calligraphy
There are more than 20 poems by Wang Anshi. Although Wang Anshi's best field is not ci, his ci has always been praised and praised by future generations. Some famous artists praised his thin and elegant ci style, which changed the old habits of the Five Dynasties. "The representative work of Cinnamomum cassia twig? Jinling Nostalgia is an epic, which describes the magnificent landscape of Jinling in Ming Dynasty, but actually reveals the decadent lifestyle of the ruling class in the Six Dynasties. The tone of the whole work is lofty and gloomy, and later people call it "ode to the ancient times", which is enough to show the influence of this word in the literary world. This work, together with Fan Zhongyan's The Fisherman's Pride, broke the old customs and opened up a new world. Su Dongpo's imaginative work came into being. This word is the first of its kind in the whole ci world.
Wang Anshi's Nanxiangzi, Bodhisattva Man, Fei Ming Qu and Huanxisha are all classic works of Wang Anshi's ci. Wang Anshi's achievements are inseparable from his diligence and acquired education. His works always demand perfection, so there are also allusions such as Wang Anshi's changing words and poems. It also tells people that if they want to achieve something, they must work hard and deliberate word for word in order to achieve something.
Wang Anshi's Prose Wang Anshi is a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty and has an unshakable position in the literary world. Wang Anshi not only dabbled in poetry, but also made great achievements in prose. Wang Anshi's prose is characterized by vigorous and concise, strange and steep. Wang Anshi's prose mainly has four styles: active and pragmatic politics, extraordinary and profound intentions, eloquent and logical, and concise language.
Cover of Wang Anshi's Prose Collection
The main achievements of Wang Anshi's prose are inseparable from his rich life experience and life experience. Born in an official family, he received a good education, took part in the imperial examination and started his official career. He has been a local official for 10 years and has done many good things for the people. Later, it was reused by the emperor and introduced some new laws, namely the famous Wang Anshi reform. Later, the political reform failed, and Wang Anshi was also ups and downs, and was dismissed twice. Finally, he lived in seclusion in Jinling and lived a life of idle clouds and wild cranes. So Wang Anshi's works have two distinct periods.
Wang Anshi's prose is mainly the product of the organic combination of his political opinions, political thoughts and literary creation. From his prose, we can see Wang Anshi's political opinions and ruling thoughts. His prose works are based on life and reflect the sharp contradictions and existing problems in society, so his works are rigorous in structure, extraordinary in conception, magnificent in political spirit and very convincing. Most of the works are concerned about the country and the people, which shows the poet's great ambition and positive attitude towards life.
Reading Wang Anshi's prose, we find that his arguments are clear and have very strict logic, while his language is mainly concise and simple, and his emotions are full of political enthusiasm. Although Wang Anshi's prose style has changed in his later period, it is directly related to his personal experience and mentality change. Classic masterpieces include Answering the Word of Sima, Shang, Reading Biography, You Shan and so on.
Wang Anshi's works There are countless works in Wang Anshi's life, not only poems, but also prose and ci works. 1500 works have been handed down to this day. Wang Anshi became an all-powerful figure in the literary world. Let's analyze the style of Wang Anshi's works according to the categories of his works.
Wang Anshiwan
One: Prose
The characteristics of Wang Anshi's prose are vigorous and concise, and his works are mostly presented in the form of preface. Most of his works take politics as the main body, expounding the poet's political opinions and thoughts, so most of the contents are aimed at social problems and current politics, and his essays have distinct views, which are deeply analyzed by the poet and have strong persuasion. The representative work is The Words of Emperor Ren Shang, which is mainly a work advocating social change. First find the problems, deeply analyze the contradictions, and finally put forward the solutions and implement the new law.
Second: Poetry
Wang Anshi's poems mainly have two periods, one is the early period, and the other is the late period (1076 is the dividing line, and 1076 is Wang Anshi's second strike period). Most of his early works were political poems, mostly chanting epic poems, exposing social problems and paying attention to people's livelihood, so he had a very obvious tendency. His representative works include Feeling, Merger and Rescue. Most of his later works are secluded, intoxicated by mountains and rivers and lingering in the countryside, so his works are very leisurely and comfortable, mostly landscape poems, such as boating in Guazhou, Riverside, Plum Blossom and Mr. Yin's Wall in Shuhu Lake.
Three: Words
Some famous artists praised his thin and elegant ci style, which changed the old habits of the Five Dynasties. Therefore, Wang Anshi's ci is unique, and his masterpiece "Guizhixiang?" Jinling Nostalgia, Nanxiangzi, Bodhisattva Man, Two Songs of Fei Ming and Huanxisha. Wang Anshi wrote more than 20 poems.