Stone tablet of Maling Mountain
Maling Ancient Road is located in Maling Mountain, Tancheng County, Linyi City. It is said that Sun Bin and Pang Juan fought here during the Warring States Period. Maling Mountain is the residual vein of Yimeng Mountain, which runs from north to south, with an altitude of 80 to 180 meters. According to Wei Ce's Warring States Policy, "Cut Qi as our enemy." The battle between Wei and Qi passed through Maling Ancient Road. Yizhou Annals, which was revised during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, also recorded: "When Wei was cutting together, Sun Zi won Pang Juan here."
There is a long ancient road in Maling Mountain. Since the Warring States period, it has been the main traffic artery between the north and the south, and it is also an important local cultural landmark. Numerous literati stopped here and left poems. Time flies, things have changed, but today people can still feel the scenery thousands of years ago from these poems.
Heroically on the ancient battlefield
Looking through the local historical materials in Tancheng County, we can find a rhythmic poem written by Hu Ceng in Tang Dynasty, which may be the earliest ancient poem describing Malingshan. Hu Ceng, a native of Shaoyang, Hunan, likes traveling very much. Stay in Chang 'an after consulting Jinshi. In the 12th year of Xian Tong (87 1), when Lu Yan was the ambassador of Jianchuan (present-day Sichuan Province), he called Hu Ceng as the official. Since then, Hu Ceng has traveled around and passed Maling Mountain. He wrote in the White Paper of Maling: "The cold wind blew in September, and it was the only one to drive ahead of Maling. I remember the year when the general broke the enemy. " Between mountains and rivers, the poet also remembered a moment in the Battle of Maling: Pang Juan was lured into the mountains by Sun Bin and saw the words "Pang Juan died under this tree" written on the trunk of the roadside.
Hundreds of years later, Wen Tianxiang, a patriotic poet shining in history, also came to Maling Mountain. Wen Tianxiang is an official of the right prime minister. In the Southern Song Dynasty (1278), Jingyan lived for three years. He was captured by the Yuan Army in Wupoling, Haifeng County, Guangdong Province, and was taken to Yanjing (now Beijing) on April 22nd in the second year of Xiangxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1279). When passing through Siwu Mountain (now Maling Mountain), stop at Siwu Post. The dragon will never stop, and the tobacco Wan Li will never stop. Fan Chong, the hero of ancient Liu Ji, is a thousand years old. "
As an ancient battlefield, Maling Mountain is also a place of heroes from another angle. Therefore, when the literati passing by see the vast landscape, most of them regret the past and express their feelings. During the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, Wu, a scholar, left a book "Looking Back at the Past" here: "Drive to Maling Mountain and see the next photo at sunset. Think back to the king of Chu in those days, how strong it was to pull out mountains. It's not a mistake to hyperventilate and take your ancestors away. Burn one's bridges to save Handan and enter the customs successfully. Killing my father and surrendering is not much better than a vassal general. A glass of wine can release Pei Gong, which is precious. "Malingshan is not far from Pei County, Liu Bang's hometown, and the story of Chu-Han hegemony was once again mentioned by Wu. During the Chongzhen period, the Ming Dynasty was beset with internal troubles and foreign invasion. As an official of the DPRK, Wu was deeply concerned about current events and released a message saying: "I visited the ruins and climbed up to see the Mang Temple. Changling unexpectedly hit the ground, and everything was disappointed.
Until the Qing Dynasty, Maling Ancient Road was still the main traffic artery between north and south. According to historical records, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited Jiangnan six times, that is, from Maling Ancient Road (in Tancheng County, north of Maling Mountain) to the south via Honghuabu (now xinyi city, Jiangsu Province). Qianlong left three poems describing the scenery of the 45 th Mountain here. Siwushan: "The green fields are full of emerald patterns in Ping Ling, which are small and meaningful. When Zhong Wu was on the road, he was just a fist stone, which was a bit of a show. " "Crossing the Fourth and Fifth Mountains": "Seeing the beauty of the people, the spring breeze has returned to the fourth and fifth. Cangsong idle clouds red wall temple, the letter is handed over to Jiangshan painting. " "Passing Yongji Bridge and Singing Old Rhyme": "Four things follow the Tao." Except for Tao, the road is open. Even the supreme ruler of the feudal dynasty enjoyed the best service of that era, and when facing the long journey, he also expressed his feelings about the rugged road.
Maling Qiuyue
Maling Mountain is a branch of Yimeng Mountain, with low hilly landform, which is a rare hilly landform landscape on the northern Jiangsu plain. The mountains are winding, the valleys are criss-crossing, and the water bodies (Ren Xian Lake, Zen Hall Lake, etc. ) The people distributed among them are as calm as a mirror. The lakeshore is winding, the landscape scale is pleasant, and the combination is extremely natural and quite beautiful. The lush grass on the hillside is dotted with lush pines and cypresses, which form a fresh and bright tone with purple rocks, which is particularly charming in the evening mist in Zhao Hui.
Due to special geological conditions, paleontological fossils found in Maling Mountain are extremely rich, precious and rare, including Mesozoic cypress fossils, large pieces of broken branches and leaves, large-scale hadrosaurs, Cenozoic elephant fossils, deer fossils, rhinoceros fossils, bear fossils and so on. Therefore, Maling Mountain is known as the "Natural Museum" and was approved as a provincial geological park by Shandong Province in 2007.
This kind of scenery naturally makes many literati linger, leaving many beautiful poems. Among them, the two scenes of "Maling Autumn Moon" and "Four or Five Fairy Cave" are the most praised.
Ni Zan, a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, was a painter and poet in Yuan Dynasty. Most of his poems describe landscapes. In "A Tour of Wusi Mountain", he described Maling Mountain at that time like this: "There is water in front of Siwu Stone Bridge, and fish are playing in the stream to entertain guests. Knocking on the fire to make tea and thinking about the prime minister, the game in the mountain village is precious. " Traveling, watching fish, tasting fragrant tea and playing game will probably remind readers of the touching deeds of former minister Wen Tianxiang.
A poem "Autumn Moon in Maling" by Jiuzhou He, a native of Suqian in the Ming Dynasty, shows us the quiet night scene of Maling Mountain: "Maling is autumn, blowing out the blue sky and bright moon. I can't sleep at night, and the lonely light reflects Fahua. " In addition, two people described the scenery at that time with the title "Autumn Moon in Maling". Li Xun, a poet, wrote: "The white dew is clear in autumn, and the moonlight is like the first banquet of water." There are mountains in the north and Taosheng Temple in the east. Wandering helpless, lonely palace attracts immortals. Qinghui can be enjoyed everywhere, why should it be reflected every year? "Quiet valley, lonely night, thoughts are often difficult to gather, at this moment people often like to recall the past years. Wu Yin, a poet, is looking at the moon: "There are many tall buildings in Maling Mountain. At midnight, toads are born on the earth. "Dew wet phoenix tree cold blue, clear light hidden jade pot autumn."
Not only the night scene, but also the "Four Things Xiao Qing" and "Maling Autumn Moon" are not too much. This scene is named after coming here early at dawn. Up to now, Siwu Xiaoqinglou is still built on the mountain for tourists to rest. Another poem by Li Xunchen is entitled "Four Things in Xiao Qing": "Shake the lock green gently, and the morning glow makes Ran Ran empty. Birds don't wake up, but the leaves are far away at sunrise. Shimen startled the ape to empty the account, and the moss niche flowed wet cloud clothes. The piedmont Lu pipeline is full every year and flies to the red dust. "
Siwuxian cave
Another landscape of Maling Mountain mentioned by poets in past dynasties is "Four Immortals Cave". There is a cliff not far from the south of Wuhuaping in Maling Mountain. There is a hole at the bottom of the wall, which is eight feet high, nine feet wide and twelve feet deep. This is the famous Sanxian Cave.
Wang Heng, a native of Tancheng, Qing Dynasty, was a scholar in the 13th year of Qianlong (1748) and once served as the magistrate of Putian County, Fujian Province. Wang Heng is good at poetry and calligraphy. After he retired from his hometown, he traveled among the mountains and rivers in Tancheng, and many of his poems were included in Tancheng County Records. He described the scenery of this cave in "Lv Qi Siwu Fairy Cave": "Siwu Fairy Cave is green, and the peach blossoms at the entrance are new every year." Qufu, a native of Pucheng (now Shaanxi) in Qing Dynasty, lived in Tancheng County for more than 40 years and still has more than 20 poems. His poetic style is famous for its grandeur. He wrote in the poem "Wu Youdong": "Alone through Maling Road, all the way to a deep stream. The mouth of the cave is plain and the mouth of the valley is locked with moss. "
Zhang Nenglin, a native of Shuntianfu (now Beijing) in Qing Dynasty, was once the governor of Shandong. He also described the wonder of this cave in the poem "Fairy Cave": "The ancients have got rid of dust, and there is no fairy land here. The cliff is too steep to climb, and the mouth of the cave vaguely means welcoming guests. It can mean divination, poetry bed, stone drum and stone book. One more well of nectar, drinking a hundred cups is like fun. "
In the beautiful scenery, there are many monks practicing. According to legend, there once was an ancient temple, Qingquan Temple, formerly known as yunmen temple, on Maling Mountain, and its founding date has been impossible to verify. The temple is located on a hillside, surrounded by mountains and waters, with an elegant environment. Feng Keshen, who recorded the Tancheng earthquake, wrote a poem called "A Tour of Qingquan Temple": "Lingqing reflects the ancient temple and falls into the cold pool with wild water. If there was a golden mountain in Qing Dynasty, cooking would be as sweet as jade gorge. You can know at a glance that you can moisten your throat, so why worry about greedy performance? If Lu Weng has been here, he should envy the ancient Tan Mingquan. "
Looking up historical data, a poetess in Qing Dynasty stood out among male writers. Except for one signature of Wang Chen, the name of this poetess is difficult to verify. According to records, her family lives in Maling Shanxi and a younger sister lives in Maling Shandong. In her poem "Visiting my sister in spring in the west of Jumaling", she described the scenery on Maling when spring blooms: "The wind sees the spring scenery, but the rugged road is not lost. There is Wuhua Fang Shu in the north and three holes in the blue sky in the west. Fog for thousands of years, spring wears Xi Gu. Water is flowing in Hongshi, and people are beside the green willow embankment. "