"Handed down from ancient times" refers to ancient copper coins that have not been buried or unearthed for a long time and have been repeatedly rubbed by people. Bright luster, oily black or pure green, pure green. Counterfeit money is generally blackened with lampblack, or packaged with black paint, and then waxed and polished.
There are also some counterfeiters who pickle fake money, bury it in the soil, rust it for a while and take it out as a "pit".
"Mercury ancient" is black and shiny, much like a layer of mercury on a black background, which has a strong reflective feeling. This rust color is generally difficult to fake.
Knowing the method and process of forging ancient money, we can find a way to identify the true and false.
Distinguishing between urinating and defecating is mainly to distinguish between shapes and listening to sounds.
One way to distinguish shapes is to distinguish characters. Words first look at "breath", and "breath" is style and charm. Coin figures in different periods have different writing styles and charms. For example, the characters before the pre-Qin dynasty were called "bronze inscriptions" and "big seals", which were the characters on cloth coins and knife coins. After the Qin Dynasty unified the six countries, Xiao Zhuan was used. The nature of these two kinds of seals is different. The former is more concise and thick, and the brushwork is tortuous. If the word "Xiao Zhuan" appears on the knife cloth, it is doubtful. In addition, Wang Mang's "cloth" uses "hanging needle seal", Northern Zhou Sanpin uses "jade grain seal", Tang Dynasty Qian Wen uses official script, and Northern Song Dynasty money is "matching money" with seal, official seal and official seal. I've seen a lot of these, and I'm familiar with them, so I can understand their Qian Wen style and recognize the "fabricated" fake money. For example, there is a "Yuan You Yuanbao". After investigation, it is found that the "Yuanbao" was not cast in Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty (because the practice in Qian Wenzhong should not allow the word "yuan" to be repeated). Looking closely at the text, the word "yuan" is plain, and the other three words are different from those in the Northern Song Dynasty, so it can be concluded that it is counterfeit money.
Distinguishing characters depends on the composition of the characters on the money surface, whether they are coordinated and unified, and the characters are often diametrically opposed when carving and splicing. Words are not harmonious, just like calligraphy If it were not written by the same person, the style of the book would be different.
See Qian Wen, but also to see whether the handwriting is clear. When casting money, you should use real money to make molds. The real money used is not a carved mother, but it is generally worn out. The counterfeit money was turned out, although the copper coins were new and the handwriting was blurred. Therefore, whenever you encounter a rare currency with vague handwriting, you should pay attention. This "Yongtong Quanbao" money is not only a fictional money (it is a fake ancient money in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and there was a "Yongtong Quanbao" in the precious coin at that time, which was similar in size and shape), but also the writing style was not uniform, with three characters of official script and one character of seal script, and the handwriting was also very vague. For example, "Tong" basically belongs to sub-seal, but the strokes of "Zhi" are also ambiguous. Some coin collectors may ask: "Real money will be blurred after a long period of wear and tear, and the handwriting of fake money will be blurred. What is the difference between the two? "
In fact, this is not difficult to distinguish, mainly refers to the wear and tear of money body steel. The handwriting of real money is vague, and it is certain that the whole money body is greatly worn at the same time, and the two should be synchronized.
If the copper body of money is relatively new, the shape is relatively complete. And if the handwriting is blurred, it can be determined that it is a new counterfeit currency.
The second way to distinguish shapes is to distinguish copper rust. There are many kinds of rust in the pit. Colors are yellow, red, blue, green, black and so on. Some are all green rust, some are partial rust, and some are rusty.
Generally speaking, the closer the rust, the looser and shallower it is. Many coins handed down from ancient times have no lead color, but the color is very dark and simple. Although some of them are polished very brightly, the difference between copper and ordinary new steel can be seen at a glance.
Ancient coins buried for hundreds of years are deeply corroded by underground moisture, and often penetrate into the coins instead of staying on the surface. This kind of rust, called "bone rust" by ancient coin collectors, can not be removed not only by hand, but also by metal tools.
Before the Han and Tang Dynasties, cloth coins, knife coins and coins unearthed from raw pits were mostly this kind of "bone rust". If we come across this kind of money, hold it in our hand and gently dig it with our fingernails or matchsticks, it will fall off, revealing the color of copper coins, which is likely to be fake money.
Many counterfeit money, because it has been soaked in acid and salt, has a "pink-green" rust color, and the rust layer is thin, bright and harsh, which is easy to identify.
Some counterfeit money is rusted with glue, oil knee and paint, but its texture is rough, neither delicate nor uniform, and it is a small particle or paste deposit. Experts call it "a knot in one's heart rust", and dig hard with nails, revealing the background color of the original steel. This is also an effective experience to distinguish authenticity.
Identifying counterfeit money depends on the quality of copper. Ancient coins of different times were made of different copper. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Han and Wei Dynasties, it was mainly bronze. Money in Ming and Qing dynasties was mainly brass. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, various generations also used white copper. In Qing Dynasty, Xinjiang used copper to cast coins.
The colors of copper are white, yellow, red and cyan, mainly because of the different compositions of copper alloys. Pure copper is rarely used to make money. It is mixed with metals such as tin, zinc and lead. The color of copper coins varies with the doping of non-ferrous metals.
Every dynasty has a strict formula for casting money. Therefore, observing the copper color is also an aspect of distinguishing the authenticity of ancient money. For example, many knife coins and cloth coins sold in the market now can be seen under the rust color. Coins before the Qin dynasty were all bronze, and they were definitely fakes.
Because of this, some clever counterfeiters melted three ordinary coins and half a penny with copper when casting rare knife cloth in the pre-Qin period. This becomes a bronze knife cloth, which is difficult to identify.
Another way to tell the authenticity of ancient money is to listen to the sound besides seeing Qian Wen and rust with your eyes.
The older the ancient coins are, the duller the sound they make when thrown on the concrete floor. Generally, the knife, cloth and piano are all silent. Before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, money was scarce, especially in the Qing Dynasty, which lasted only one or two hundred years. The sound was bright after the coin was thrown and collided.
If you throw Qi's "six-character knife" and Qin's "three-hole cloth" on the ground, the sound will be very bright. It is doubtful.
In a word, identifying genuine and counterfeit money is a comprehensive technology. If you have some knowledge of calligraphy, metallurgical casting and chemistry, it will be more convenient and save a lot of trouble, and then you can be familiar with the historical background of casting money in various dynasties.