Zhu Wei's great-grandfather and grandfather were both educated scholars, and both worked as private school teachers. When his father came to be his father, he had paid tribute. From the composition of the family, it was already a scholarly family for three generations. The origin of family education formed a good educational atmosphere, which laid a profound foundation for Zhu Xian's career and fame.
Zhu Wei was smart and eager to learn when he was young, and he had extraordinary intelligence as a boy. When he entered a private school at the age of five, he once asked Naizu (teacher): "Why does the moon light up at night? Why doesn't the sun light up at night?" This stumped the teacher, so he was called a child prodigy. Since Naizu was a well-educated scholar, Zhu Shang was taught texts from The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Songs when he was six or seven years old, and was able to recite many chapters. Every spring, Zhu Juan's mother would take him to his grandmother's house to play, and Zhu Juan would bring his schoolbag with him every time. During the day, he liked to ride horses and herd cattle with the village boys or go to the river to bathe and play. He was playful and cute. At night, he read under the lamp, looking like an adult. By the age of ten, Zhu Juan could recite many famous ancient poems. At the age of eighteen, he passed the Zhongxiang examination and at the age of twenty-eight, he went to Beijing to take the examination and was admitted to the Hanlin Academy. It can be said that Zhu Xian's official career was very adaptable in his youth. During the reign of the Jiaqing and Daoguang emperors of the Qing Dynasty, foreign aggression intensified. In particular, the British imperialists stepped up their efforts to enslave the weak countries in the world and massively transported the drug opium to China. The Chinese people suffered greatly from opium poisoning. After inspecting Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong, Zhu Xuan deeply realized that the poison of opium had spread from the coast to the capital Beijing. In an urgent memorial to Emperor Daoguang, he wrote: "If China does not eradicate the scourge of opium as soon as possible, the people of the country will be in danger; as the people of the country are in danger, China will be in even more danger!" Huang Juezi, the Minister of Honglu Temple, was the "main prohibitionist" who advocated banning opium from entering China. According to Tan Zongjun's "Lan Hai Fu": "Opium entered China. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, there were only a few hundred boxes. In the middle of Daoguang period, the number of barges increased to more than 20,000 boxes. In the 16th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1836 AD) Xu Naiji, the minister of the Chang Temple, banned smoking and paid taxes on medicinal materials. Therefore, Zhu Xuan, the minister of the cabinet, and Huang Juezi, the minister of the Honglu Temple, told Xu Qiu and Jiaozhang that it was harmful to the political system and requested to recommend Lin Zexu as the official. The imperial minister went to Guangdong to investigate and deal with it. "He was renamed Ji Li Mian and had a high reputation in the court. Lin Zexu was selling cigarettes in Humen, Guangdong, and Zhu Xian and Huang Juezi all responded to him in the court.
Due to the obstruction of the capitulationists in the "First Opium War", China was forced to become a defeated country. At the same time, because of recommending Lin Zexu, Zhu Wei was demoted to Shandong Academic Affairs. In the 21st year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1841 AD), Emperor Xuanzong Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty re-enabled Zhu Xian and appointed him as the Minister of Industry and the Censor of the Yellow River. During this period, due to his mother's illness, Zhu Changte took leave and returned to his hometown to visit his mother. I returned to my hometown of Tonghai to stay for more than a month. It was the Mid-Autumn Festival. The elders in my hometown thought that it was the honor of their hometown that Zhu Xian was appointed as the minister in Beijing. The officials and gentry in the city were vying to entertain Zhu Xian. Some of Zhu Xian's close friends and old friends accompanied him to visit the scenic spots in his hometown. The scenery was accompanied by poetry and wine, and Zhu Xian also composed impromptu poetry in response. Among them, he left many poems and ink ink for his hometown. There are precious ink couplets, couplets, and screens preserved to this day. In addition, there are also wood-engraved plaques and couplets. Zhu Juan served his mother at home and recovered from illness, so he decided to take his wife, children, and mother to Beijing. All the famous literati in Tonghai County and the Zhu clan came to see Zhu Xuan and his family off. This time was probably in the 29th year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1849 AD). After that, Zhu Xian never returned to his hometown because of his prosperous official career and busy government affairs. Zhu Juan served as a capital official in the capital, and a group of outstanding scholars from Yunnan were also selected into the Hanlin Academy in batches and sent to serve in various places. For example, He Guizhen, He Guiqing, Dou Qu, etc. were all provincial officials in several provinces. . Among these officials, He Guizhen was from Shizong. He served as the Liangjiang Army and died in the battle with the Taiping Army. Dou Qu was also from Shizong. When he was serving in Hunan, he wrote the famous "Yueyang Tower Leader" Union; He Guiqing once served as the governor of Liangjiang and had a close relationship with Zhu Xuan. He Guiqing was a native of Kunming. He was a Jinshi in the 15th year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty. He served successively as editor and philanthropist of the Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of the cabinet, and a minister of the Ministry of Rites and Household Affairs. In the fourth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1854), He Guiqing was transferred to the governor of Zhejiang, and in the seventh year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1857), he was appointed governor of Liangjiang. Although He Guiqing was very accommodating in the officialdom, and any official in the party would call Zhu Xian his mentor and pay him the courtesy of a teacher. However, during the war against Taiping, due to the ineffectiveness of the war, Nanjing fell. He fled to several places but was "accepted". So he used the excuse of "barbarian soldiers (British troops) to assist in the suppression" and fled to Shanghai, where he served as Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty. In the first year of his reign (AD 1862), he was taken to Beijing and handed over to the Ministry of Civil Affairs for trial.
Unfortunately, the Manchu Qing court ordered Zhu Xian to supervise the case. Long before He became the governor of Liangjiang, Zhu Xian warned He many times that he should be "loyal to his duties and loyal to the country." However, He Guiqing did not take the advice of his mentor seriously and did not take the safety of the country as his own responsibility. Instead, he neglected his duties, which led to the fall of Jiangnan. military occupation. Zhu Juan was very distressed. During the trial of He Guiqing's case, He's relatives and friends repeatedly interceded with Zhu Juan, asking Zhu Juan to mediate with the court for the sake of his fellow villagers and disciples, so as to avoid the death penalty for He Guiqing. However, because of the seriousness of He Guiqing's case and the continuous criticism in the court, Zhu Xuan wanted to use "what case" to trap Zhu Xuan. At this time, Zhu Xian was in a difficult situation. Once he submitted a letter to protect Guiqing from death, the imperial court would have the excuse to frame Zhu Xian, which would bring about the destruction of his life-long career and reputation, and he would also be charged with the crime of disloyalty. If He Guiqing was sentenced according to the truth, why would he die without a doubt, and he would be accused of "adding insult to injury" and denying his relatives, and the people in his hometown in Yunnan would scold him for three generations. Under such circumstances, Zhu Xuan could only take the side of the court and sentenced He Guiqing to death. At that time, the Queen Mother of the West (Cixi) was already behind the curtain. In order to regulate the court and establish the authority of the officials, He Guiqing was charged with an additional level. It turned out that the death penalty was just beheading. After the crime was increased by one level, he was sentenced to "cutting in half." After He Guiqing was "cut in half", the government and the public were in an uproar over Zhu Xian's early deposed torture. Because the imperial court did not correctly affirm Zhu Xuan's loyalty, the public opinion between the government and the public was exaggerating that Zhu Xian was "adding insult to injury" and "disowning his relatives". People from Tonghai in Yunnan also wrote letters to curse Zhu Xian. Because he was in such a whirlpool of contradictions, and the left and right were not human beings, Zhu Xian became ill and died of illness in Beijing at the age of seventy-two.
The Manchu and Qing government did not expect that Zhu Juan would be so angry that he fell ill and went to hell under such circumstances. The officials in the court showed great sympathy because they felt that Zhu Juan had been a loyal minister in the four dynasties and served in five ministries. The minister's diligence was outstanding, so the Empress Dowager Cixi personally presided over a grand funeral ceremony for Zhu Juan, who was posthumously named "Zhu Wenduan Gong". She ordered the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou to erect in his hometown of Tonghai a "stele for the hometown of Duke Zhu Wenduan, who was granted the title of Zhongxin by the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty" and "the monument of the hometown of Mr. Zhu Wenduan by the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty." "Zhu Wenduan Gongxuan's Shinto Monument", and ordered the Ministry of Rites to carve out a piece of land at the Zunhua Imperial Mausoleum to bury Zhu Xiang. The Empress Dowager Cixi personally issued an edict to confer the title of "Mrs. Yipin Gaoming" to the late Zhu Kuang's mother Wei; she also issued an imperial edict to confer the title of "Mrs. Yipin Gaoming" to Mrs. Zhu Kuang. She also granted Zhu Kuang's son a fourth-grade crown, and the Ministry of Rites transferred five pieces of silver from the treasury. A thousand taels were sent to Zhu Xi's mansion as a token of sympathy.
Zhu Wei has been an official in Beijing for more than 40 years, but due to the fatigue of his political career, he was unable to leave any visible writings. According to scholar Xu Qiushan, Zhu Xian once wrote a book called "Ten Essays on Politicians", but Xu Qiushan only heard about it from his elders and had never read it. In Zhu Xian's ink that is spread in Yunnan, his poems and essays are very good, and his calligraphy is also very beautiful. Judging from the ink marks, we can see the skill of Ou Liu and the posture of Su Mi. The cursive lines contain the beauty and gentleness of Zhao Songxue and Dong Xiangguang.
Judging from the evaluation more than a hundred years after Zhu Juan's death, he served the Qing Dynasty all his life and was a pillar of the country. Judging from his insistence on banning opium from entering the country, his execution of his disciple He Guiqing for the benefit of the country, and his diligence in managing the Yellow River, he is a man of virtue, hard work, loyalty to the emperor, patriotism, and filial family tradition. A good official who can be perfected.