However, in teaching, we find that there are some problems in the interpretation of words and phrases in this article in textbooks and supporting teaching reference books, especially the understanding of "qi" and "goodness" is debatable. Here are two examples to illustrate:
Exodus 1. So, if the world is unreachable, it is better for the wicked to learn?
Translation of teaching reference books: But no one in later generations can compare with him (Wang Xizhi). Don't they study hard and practice hard like Wang Xizhi?
Based on the meaning of the article, the author thinks that Wang Xizhi's calligraphy can reach such a high level because of his hard practice. No one in later generations surpassed Wang Xizhi in calligraphy because their efforts were far less than Wang Xizhi's.
In order to find out the problem, let's look at two simple rhetorical questions that are transformed into declarative sentences:
1. Didn't he come yesterday?
Statement: He came yesterday (indeed).
Did he come yesterday?
Statement: He didn't (really) come yesterday.
From the above two examples, we can easily see that the true meaning of rhetorical question is opposite to the literal meaning of rhetorical question.
Next, let's take a look at the translation of "Qi" in the textbook "The study of Qi is not as good as the study of evil". It is puzzling that the textbook translates "Qi" into "Mo". We know that when "Qi" is understood as "Qi", it is rhetorical. Then, the sentence "Aren't they more diligent and more spiritual than Wang Xizhi?" It was later calligraphers who studied and practiced as hard as Wang Xizhi (even more than Wang Xizhi). From this point of view, "A scholar in the next world is not as good as an evil person", that is to say, the reason why future calligraphers have not surpassed Wang Xizhi in calligraphy achievements is not because they lack the kung fu and spirit of diligent study and hard practice, but because their own objective quality is not as good as Wang Xizhi's. To put it bluntly, calligraphers of later generations are not as talented as Wang Xizhi in calligraphy. I'm afraid this understanding is quite different from the author's original intention.
When looking up the Ancient Chinese Dictionary, there are three main explanations for "qi": ① adverb, which means rhetorical question and can be translated as "Yao" and "How"; (2) Adverbs, expressing doubts, can be translated as "whether" or "Murphy"; (3) The same as "kǐ i" is translated as "happiness" and "harmony". After reading the teaching reference books, it is very inappropriate to translate all the "qi" in this paper into "qi". And there is such an exercise after class: "Use questions in the text, euphemistically and thought-provoking." Since the editor regards this sentence as a rhetorical question, according to the author Ceng Gong's writing intention, the word "whether" in this sentence is more appropriate and meaningful.
There are many sentences about the same question, and the reason is the same, so I won't repeat them here.
Example 2. Pushing Wang Jun's heart, is it good to love someone because of his evil deeds, although he can not be abolished?
Thinking about Wang Jun's intention, is it that he loves the kindness of others and refuses to bury it even if he has a skill, so it is extended to Wang Xizhi's Mo Chi remains?
In this context, I'm afraid Wang Jun popularized Wang Xizhi's Mo Chi to the world out of admiration for his calligraphy. The purpose of Wang Jun's doing this is to encourage later scholars to study and practice as hard as Wang Xizhi and reach a higher level in moral cultivation. However, it is equally incomprehensible for teaching reference books to translate "kindness" in "kindness of loving others" into "kindness". No matter from which angle, this article can't be related to "kindness"! According to the ancient Chinese dictionary's explanation of "goodness", I think it is more appropriate to change the word "goodness" into "good at" in this sentence.
For junior high school students, the biggest obstacle to learning classical Chinese is the relationship between words. If the teaching materials, including teaching reference books, are not accurate enough to explain the wording and sentences of the text, it will inevitably affect the teaching and learning of classical Chinese by teachers and students. Therefore, teaching materials should explain the words in classical Chinese as accurately as possible.
(Author: Daxing Junior High School in Sheyang County)