1. Yang was born in a peasant family in Ping 'ai New Village, Zijingshan, Guiping City, Guangxi. His father is Gu and his mother is Gu. He lost his father at the age of 5 and his mother at the age of 9, and was raised by his uncle Yang Qingshan.
As an adult, Yang had no land to farm, so he had to grow mountains and burn charcoal for a living. He often sells coal over mountains and mountains, and is exploited by businessmen in exchange for a liter and a half meters, leading a hungry and cold life. This background makes Yang a sophisticated and sociable person. He didn't go to school and didn't read much, so he was quite popular in his hometown of Zijingshan.
/kloc-at the end of 0/850, Hong Xiuquan and Feng Yunshan deployed uprising work in huashan village, Huazhou, and issued a group camp order, requiring all local members who worship God to concentrate their land on Jintian Village, and set up a group camp headquarters in Jintian Village, which was presided over by Yang, Xiao Chaogui and Shi Dakai.
After receiving the information, the local landlord forces joined forces with the Qing garrison to contain the congregation gathered in Jintian village. Yang repeatedly used the "Heavenly Father" to organize a team to fight back, which opened the way for jintian uprising. 65438+ February, jintian uprising succeeded.
2. Xiao Chaogui's father is Jiang Wanxing, his mother is Pan, and his younger brother is King Jiang of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Gupeng Village, located in Pengai Mountain, Guiping, has an uncertain ethnic group (there are currently four versions of Han, Zhuang, Yao and Hakka in the history circle). Xiao Yusheng was adopted as his adopted son and changed his surname to Xiao.
There are two sons, the eldest son Xiao Youhe and the second son Xiao. Xiao You and Jue were young western queens who won the trust of Hong Xiuquan in the late Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and were killed by the Qing army after the fall of Tianjing.
Xiao Chaogui grew up with his adoptive father and his family was poor. He went to Zijing Mountain in Guiping City to grow vegetables, plough mountains and burn charcoal for a living. My parents raised four men, Xiao Chaogui was the third, the second brother was Xiao, the supreme king of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the fourth brother was Xiao Chaoxing, the model king of Heaven, and the second brother was Xiao Sanfa, the king of Stone. At that time, my family was poor, I had no money to study, and I didn't know how many words.
In order to make a living, Xiao Chaogui, a teenager, left home to work as a shop assistant. Soon, he left his hometown with his parents and settled in the shed of Ping 'ai Mountain in Guiping, making a living by clearing up wasteland and burning charcoal. At this time, Xiao Chaogui was only in his early twenties, and he had already tasted the hardships of the wandering life of the poor in feudal society.
3. Feng Yunshan, a native of Heledi, Hua County, Guangdong Province, lives in a neighboring village with Guan Lu, Hong Xiuquan's hometown, about three miles away. Born around 18 15 (the twentieth year of Qing Jiaqing), his family was well-off. Father's name is Feng and mother's name is Hu. He read classics, read hundreds of books and learned a set of knowledge about China's old culture. He didn't want to live the life of the exploiting class and became a teacher in a rural Mongolian library.
Feng Yunshan and Hong Xiuquan lived in the same village, were close in age, were classmates since childhood, and later worked as teachers in Mongolian Academy. They hit it off very well. In A.D. 1843 (the 23rd year of Qing Daoguang), Hong Xiuquan founded the worship of gods, and Feng Yunshan and He * * * secret revolution.
Feng Yunshan has been in contact with poor farmers, which makes him sympathize with the sufferings of the broad masses of farmers and has produced dissatisfaction and hatred for the real society. After the Opium War, he saw the corruption and widespread anti-Qing in the Qing Dynasty, so he left his original class and embarked on the road of uprising.
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established five kings in Yong 'an Mansion and named Feng Yunshan the South King. All the official systems and etiquette systems were formulated by Feng Yunshan. Here, he launched a nationwide campaign against the crime of hanging people in Qing Dynasty, which was also presided over by Feng Yunshan. On New Year's Day in the first month of the second year of Renzi, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom promulgated the calendar created by Feng Yunshan. This is the beginning of the solar calendar in China, and it is also the first time to use the four-season calendar in the world.
In April of the second year of Lunzi, the Taiping Army left Guilin for the north. The pioneer of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, named by historians as "the first person who was brave and brave in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom", was shot and sacrificed when passing through Quanzhou City.
4. Wei Changhui was born in 1826 (the sixth year of Daoguang). His family was rich, but "few people lost their fame and fortune, but he was rich and powerless". He was often bullied and blackmailed by local big families, which aroused his resistance to the Qing dynasty. 1848 10 (Daoguang September 28th), Feng Yunshan was released from prison and returned to Zijingshan, passing by Jintian, staying at Wei's house, and having a good talk with Wei Changhui. Wei Changhui joined the worship of God.
When Jintian organized a group camp, Wei Changhui gave everything he had, led the whole family to participate in the group camp, and secretly "swords and shadows, * * * exorcised demons" in his own home, making a lot of preparations for the uprising. After jintian uprising, he took part in various military and political command activities, which had a great influence on the Taiping Army and the masses, so that the Qing government once regarded him as a "rebel general" and put his position above Hong Xiuquan in many memorials and imperial edicts.
185 1, first as commander of the right army, then as deputy military adviser. 65438+ In February, the Taiping Army was established as the king in Yong 'an, and Wei Changhui was appointed as the king of the North, at the age of six thousand. Since then, Wei Changhui has repeatedly made meritorious military service in the journey of Taiping Army out of Guangxi and into the two lakes, two rivers and Nanjing.
After the sacrifices of Feng Yunshan, king of the south, and Xiao Chaogui, king of the west, Wei Changhui and Shi Dakai became the main assistants of Hong Xiuquan and Yang. After the capital Tianjing was established, Wei Changhui was in charge of daily political affairs and medical care. At that time, it was ordered that all armies should report Wei Changhui and Shi Dakai first, and then Yang was in power. Wei Changhui was only ranked second in Yang.
1856165438+1October, Hong Xiuquan ordered the execution of Wei Changhui. In February of 65438, the Taiping Army was defeated by Wuchang and Hanyang fell. 1June, 857, Shi Dakai left Tianjing with 100,000 troops. In July, the Qing Dynasty rebuilt the "Jiangnan Camp" and invaded Tianjing. In 65438+February, Zhenjiang, Guazhou and Pukou fell, and Tianjing was besieged.
1In May 864, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom lost all the important towns in Zhejiang, and Tianjing was isolated. In June, the heavenly king Hong Xiuquan committed suicide by taking poison. /kloc-in July of 0/9, Beijing fell and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom fell.
Generally speaking, Yang's murder under the guise of "Heaven Emperor" and Wei Changhui's "Heavenly King's Secret Imperial edict" undoubtedly provided some historical basis for us to explore the truth of "Tianjing Change".
If Yang is the fuse of power struggle between Hong and Yang under the guise of "heavenly father descending to earth", then the bloody case of "Tianjing change" caused by Wei Changhui's Secret Imperial edict against Yang not only means the complete disintegration of the power triangle between Hong, Yang and Wei, but also marks the road of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom from prosperity to decline and finally to collapse. Or: "Power corrupts people's hearts." "Absolute power has lost the world."
5. Shi Dakai was born in Beishan (now Dakai Village, Qishi Township, Gangbei District, Guigang City), a wealthy peasant family. His ancestral home was in peace county, Guangdong, and he settled in Baisha, Guiping, when he reached Gaozu Stone (Shi Youxiong Shi Yongxing and Shi Yongfa, XII).
Shi Dakai's father, Shi Changhui, died young when he was about five or nine years old in Shi Dakai. Leaving a weak wife and a young son (four underage children), the family situation is much worse than before. Word-of-mouth materials say that when Dakai was a teenager, he did business in addition to farming. Buy and sell chickens and ducks and be a cattle dealer. Transport charcoal to pingtian mountain mining area for sale.
Fourteen-year-old Shi Dakai has come of age and has already shouldered the burden of bringing home the bacon. He ran around the Jianghu, made friends with heroes in all directions, and had contacts with Luo Outline, the leader of the Heaven and Earth Society, and Zhang Zhao, the big-headed sheep, who were active in Xunwu area at that time.
185 1 65438+February, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was established in Yong 'an, and Shi Dakai was named "Wang Hao Wu Chitose". /kloc-in 0/857, he was named "the left army wing king", and the Tianjing Incident was once named "the commander wing king of the holy spirit", and the military and civilians were honored as "the righteous king".
When the Tianjing Incident broke out, Dongwang Yang was killed and tens of thousands of his subordinates were implicated. Shi Dakai heard the news of possible infighting in Tianjing at the front, and rushed back to stop it, denouncing Wei Changhui for killing innocent people, but it was too late. Wei Changhui, the king of the North, regarded Shi Dakai's opposition to the killing of innocent people as favoring the East King with the intention of harming him. Shi Dakai escaped from Tianjing, and all his family and subordinates in Beijing were killed.
Shi Dakai dispatched troops in Anhui, and wrote to the heavenly king, asking him to kill the northern king, so as to make the people angry. Seeing that both the army and the people supported Shi Dakai, Tianwang wrote a letter to punish Wei. Shi Dakai was summoned back to Beijing, and was honored as the "righteous king" by the military and civilians. He joined North Korea to "manage government affairs". Regardless of personal grievances, he only punished the first evil when investigating the responsibility for the massacre, and did not blame his subordinates. Even the relatives of the North King were protected and reused, and the people soon settled down.
. Under the deployment of Shi Dakai, the Taiping Army stuck to the pass and waited for an opportunity to counterattack. Chen Yucheng, Shi, Li Xiucheng, Yang Fuqing and other rising stars began to take the lead, and the passive situation caused by infighting gradually reversed.
However, when the heavenly king saw Shi Dakai's popularity, he became suspicious. He made his two brothers king, tried every means to contain Shi Dakai, and even tried to harm him. In order to avoid civil strife again, Shi Dakai had to leave Beijing for Anqing in May 1857.
On June 27th, 1863, Shi Dakai was tried in Chengdu court, and made a generous speech, which made the presiding judge feel helpless and speechless, and then he passed away peacefully. When he was executed, he looked happy and suffered in the middle of the year until he died silently. The viewers were all moved and lamented as "a strange man".
When Shi Dakai was tortured, he was chopped to pieces and kept silent from beginning to end. Shi Dakai's awe-inspiring righteousness and strong will shocked the officers and men of the Qing army. Liu Rong, the envoy of Sichuan, admired him very much, saying that he was "arrogant and strong, but his words were arrogant and he couldn't kiss up." On the occasion of his execution, his face lit up and he was the ugliest person. "
Baidu Encyclopedia-Taiping Heavenly Kingdom