The main raw materials of ink are carbon smoke, rubber, additives and solutions, etc., and are generally processed mechanically. There are many types of soot, including various minerals, plants and animal raw materials that are produced by combustion or thermal decomposition. In addition to animal glue, glue is mostly used in vegetable glue (gum arabic) or various synthetic glues such as acrylic glue, polyol resin, etc. Additives include various stabilizers, penetrants, wetting agents, preservatives, fragrances, etc.
Production
1. Traditional ink-making method
"Usually when using ink, the pine trees are first drained of the gum fragrance, and then the wood is cut. There is not even a hair of rosin in it. When the ink is completely purified, the ink produced by the smoke will become trapped and unsolved. When the incense flows out of a pine tree, a small hole is drilled into the root of the wood and slowly burned with a stick or lamp, and the ointment will warm the whole body and flow out."
Whenever pine smoke is burned, the pine is chopped into small pieces. Ju Miao is a round object, like an awning in a boat, extending for more than a thousand feet. The inside and outside and the joints are all made of paper and mat paste, with small holes at intervals for smoke. Underneath it is covered with earth and bricks, and is first a road to pass smoke.
Burn the salary for several days, take a break, and go to the middle of the night. Anyone who burns pine smoke and sets fire to spread the smoke will do so from the beginning. The first and second sections at the end are Qingyan, which is made of fine ink. The one in the middle section is mixed smoke, and the ink is taken from time to time. If in the first one or two sections, only the smoke is scraped, the goods are sold for printing, and calligraphers still take them and grind them carefully for use. The rest are for lacquer workers and chalk workers who paint black.
2. Modern ink-making method
The modern ink-making method is similar to the traditional ink-making method since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, the smoke and medicinal materials used are not as sophisticated as those in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The quality of ancient ink is not as good as that of ancient ink. In order to cater to the purchasing power of the public, more raw materials that are easily available in the market are used to stir and knead them mechanically.
Commonly used cigarettes are used to refine heavy oil from petroleum. Burning industrial oil fumes are the most common, and vegetable oils used for lamp smoke are mixed with mineral oil fumes according to the category and grade. The glue is mostly made of cattle glue, isinglass, Arabic gum, or chemically synthesized plastic, acrylic glue, etc. Additives generally include camphor, borneol, preservatives, antifungal agents, chemical fragrances, synthetic spices, etc. There is also the so-called "green ink", where the ink color appears cyan, which is due to the addition of cyanine pigments, the so-called "tea ink" Otherwise, the ink has a brown luster, which is caused by the addition of brownstone pigments.
3. Medicinal ink
In ancient times, medicinal ink was produced for use in emergencies in far away places, but Many people today do not understand its efficacy, so it is recorded below for common sense only.
Materials of medicinal ink: rhinoceros horn, antelope horn, bezoar, musk, borneol pearls, gold foil, toad, bear bile and other precious Chinese medicinal materials.
Uses: anti-inflammatory and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, reducing swelling and softening hardness, resuscitation, sedation, anti-cancer, etc.
Can cure: vomiting blood, Blood in the stool, blood in the urine, high blood pressure, shingles, breast pain, oral inflammation, unknown swelling and poison.
Note: Pregnant women should not take it.
IV. Colorful ink
Colorful ink has five colors: red, yellow, blue, white and green, as well as white, ocher, crimson, cyan and other colors. In fact, there are more than five colors. This kind of ink has greater viscosity and is suitable for writing and painting. The most commonly used ink is red ink, which is used to change or comment on documents. Colorful ink is made by grinding minerals into extremely fine particles instead of black smoke. It adds more glue than black ink, and its manufacturing method is the same as black ink.
5. Production of ink
The main raw materials used in ink are roughly divided into black smoke, glue, spices, and preservatives, which are dispersed, evenly mixed, and mixed mechanically.