Brief introduction of Tunxi old street scenic spots:
The confluence of the land and water of Hengjiang River and Zitunxi River makes Xin 'anjiang River pass through the city, so Tunxi has the reputation of being half water in general streets. There was a song saying, "Tunxi is beautiful, Tunxi is beautiful, and it is half a street, half a lane and half a water." This half water refers to Hengjiang, Lushui and Xin 'anjiang, and this half street refers to Tunxi Old Street.
The old street is located in the center of Tunxi old city, with Huashan in the north and Xin 'anjiang in the south. It is said that it is located in the land of geomantic omen, with the sun in the mountains and shadows in the water. With a total length of 832 meters and a width of 5-8 meters, it is the most complete pedestrian commercial street in China with the architectural style of Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Tunxi Old Street has a long history. Tunxi was developed from a water pier where Xin 'anjiang, Hengjiang and Lushui meet in history, which is the location of Tunxi Old Street today. The western end of the old street, that is, a curved street near the bridge head of the old bridge, formerly known as Bajia Station, is the birthplace of the old street and Tunxi. The formation and development of old streets are closely related to Song Huizong's move to Lin 'an. At that time, a large number of timber and craftsmen built in the Song Dynasty were transported from Huizhou to Hangzhou along the Xin 'anjiang River. Later, when these craftsmen returned to their hometown, they modeled their shops on the architectural style of Song Cheng, so these buildings that followed the style of Song Cheng were called "Song Cheng today". With the development of Huizhou merchants and water transportation, Tunxi Old Street tends to be a comprehensive commercial street. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, a Hui merchant named Cheng built 47 shops in Tunxi Old Street as an inn to attract merchants and store goods, which promoted the exchange of materials between the mountainous area and the outside world. In the early Qing dynasty, the old street developed into the mayor's four miles; At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Tunxi tea merchants rose, Tunxi green tea was exported prosperously, tea brands were numerous, tea workers gathered, and various businesses were opened one after another. The street extends eastward from Bajia Station year by year, forming an old street. In the early years of the Republic of China, there was a Shanghai-Hangzhou Commercial Port Association in Tunxi Old Street.
The old street complex inherits the architectural style and planning layout of traditional Huizhou folk houses, and the architectural form has distinctive Huizhou architectural characteristics. The building is not big, and the colors are elegant and simple. That is, white walls, small blue tiles and rows of horse-headed walls constitute the beauty of Huizhou architectural groups. The whole street, winding and stretching, does not face each other from beginning to end, and the street is unfathomable, which is a typical trend of China ancient street. In order to make the street communicate with the landscape, backstreet and other living environments, there are some alleys with different widths crossing the street in the old street. Laojiedian houses are mostly single-door, generally two floors, and a few are three floors, all of which are brick-wood structures, with beams and columns as the skeleton and flat bricks to the top. There are high stacked walls on both sides of each building, and the walls are covered with tiles; The threshold of the store is covered with Huizhou wood carvings, and the dramatic characters are lifelike, and the landscape of Xin' an is looming; There are wooden fences and skirts upstairs facing the street, as well as various flower windows, which are very elegant; There are two kinds of building planes: street-block type and inner patio type, that is, the street is a row of doors that can be flexibly loaded and unloaded. When this row of doors was removed, the shops were opened to facilitate business. A patio is opened inside, and the patio is used for lighting. All the rain, snow and water on the roof around the patio fall into the sky, indicating that the four waters belong to the hall, which is the result of businessmen seeking to gather property. The houses in the old street are all front shops and back houses, front shops and back warehouses, front shops and back houses or downstairs shops and upstairs houses. Because the old street retains the ancient charm of Jiangnan town.
Today, the location of Tunxi Old Street is only an eight-story house that was originally in the shape of a ruler. With the development of Huizhou merchants, Tunxi Old Street gradually tends to be a comprehensive commercial street. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the old street had developed to the mayor's four miles. In the 1920s and 1930s, it became a large commercial port in Shanghai and Hangzhou, and its prosperity was evident.
The old street extends westward from the east archway 1.5 km. The road surface is paved with large pieces of shallow ochre. The lines are clear and square and the streets are six or seven meters wide. There are many shops on both sides, mostly brick and wood structures, with two floors, and the architectural style of Huizhou style is the same. White horse head wall, double-slope roof covered with small green tiles, eaves growing from the front and back of gables, the front yard of the shop is open, the windows and rafters of the gatehouse are carved and painted, the shop signs painted with black paint and gold, the octagonal exquisite chandelier hanging from the lintel and the flying canine-shaped banners are all without exception. Therefore, it is known as the Qingming Riverside Map.
Storefronts in old streets are generally small, but they are all deep inland, with a row of two or three or four entrances. They are connected by the patio, and the lighting, ventilation and drainage are built inward, forming a special structure of front shop and back shop and front shop and back door, adding an old flavor to the old street. There are dozens of old shops in Laojie, among which Tongderen is a Chinese medicine shop which was opened in Tongzhi for two years in Qing Dynasty and has a history of 120 years.
Most of the world-famous Qi Hong and Tunlu are located in Tunxi; Hui ink and inkstone are even more dazzling; Huizhou four carvings (brick, wood, stone and bamboo) products and Huizhou traditional Chinese paintings, prints, stone tablets, inscriptions, bonsai and root carvings can be seen everywhere. The ancient Huizhou culture shows its charming style in the old streets, and it can be called an art museum with excellent national cultural traditions. The charm of the old street fascinated the national film and television industry. After the film crew of "Little Flower" of North Film beat us to it, dozens of film and television units from all over the country flocked, and even the world-famous movie master Evans came from Holland to sneak a shot of "The Wind". So far, more than 100 film and television works have been shot in Laojie.
There is a poem that says, "Three rivers surround a small Penghu, and the Song-style worship of the building has a unique style. Washing water along the long street is called an activity on the river map. Therefore, the old street is also called the activity Qingming Riverside Map. In recent years, the old street is also known as the natural studio. Since the movie Little Flower, it has been put on the screen for nearly a hundred times, and even the world-famous movie master Evans came from Holland to steal the movie Wind.
There are many antiques in the old street, and now an antique street has been opened up. Huizhou is a country of cultural etiquette, with the reputation of being the hometown of culture in southeast Zou Lu, the She Yan in Four Treasures of the Study and the hometown of Huimo. The rise and development of ancient Huizhou merchants once promoted the great development of economy and culture. Ancient calligraphy and painting, ancient porcelain, guyan, ancient furniture, etc. All of them were collected by Huizhou merchants who were good at Confucianism in those days, and some old-age items were passed down from generation to generation, and now they are antiques. It was collected from the people by some discerning bosses and put in their own shops.
When we wander in the old street and walk on the stone road, enjoying antique shops, dazzling tourist souvenirs, ancient signboards and ancient inscriptions endowed with calligraphy charm, it seems that we are in the long corridor of history, and we feel its ancient and modern. Today's old street is the representative of Tunxi, a mountain city, and also an important window for Huangshan tourism. I hope friends at home and abroad can visit the old street and taste its commercial and cultural atmosphere.
Old Street has become a distribution center for today's tourist commodities, where you can buy the most complete and most favorable tourist souvenirs in Huangshan City. If you go to Huangshan Mountain and have a chance to go to Tunxi, you must visit the old street.