Style characteristics of traditional Oriental flower arrangement art
1. The "truth" of nature
Oriental flower arrangement advocates nature and takes natural beauty as the best artistic pursuit and Performance.
It emphasizes that "things follow their original situation", "the shape resembles nature", "although it is made by humans, it seems to have opened from the sky"
Yuan Hongdao: It makes the viewer suspect that the flowers are growing at the bottom of the bowl. Miao
2. The "goodness" of humanities
Influenced by the Confucian aesthetic thought of "goodness" as its purpose, flowers are given a beautiful symbolic meaning, and the materials must be intentional. Yi Bi Ji Xiang uses the techniques of symbolism, allegory, and homophony to express his ambition and comfort with flowers, and gives the work a certain proposition, so that the work shows a specific artistic conception. This is a unique style of traditional oriental flower arrangement. .
3. The "beauty" of art
Including the beauty of materials, layout, color, shape, conception and overall artistic beauty
Material beauty: goodness Use woody flowers to highlight the line shape.
The layout pays attention to painting theory and calligraphy, such as "the layout of the painting garden is wonderful".
Color creativity pursues unity and harmony, is gorgeous but not vulgar, elegant but not bland
Does not seek to be regular in shape, let it be used freely to express the theme
The pursuit of overall artistic beauty, "holy" and pure respect
Orientals believe that flowers are sacred, and treat them with reverence. They use flowers to understand Taoism, cultivate one's moral character, and make flower arrangements meaningful. A sense of sacredness. Pay attention to "the heart is right and the flowers are right", and then "the flowers are right and the heart is right". Using the beauty of nature to correct people's mentality and entertain them is the true artistic realm.
2. The creative concepts and rules of traditional oriental flower arrangement art
1. In line with the natural growth laws of plants
1. Be careful: when arranging flowers, the position of each branch The base sockets should be clustered together like a growing plant to show its natural vitality.
2. Express the natural beauty of flowers: For example, the beauty of bamboo lies in its straight and strong momentum. If it is used obliquely in creation, its inner beauty will be lost.
3. The flower shape also conforms to the natural form of the plant.
2. Learn from the artistic techniques of similar artistic creations
1: Pay attention to the application of lines
Woody branches are commonly used as the main flower material, and different lines of the branches are used. The form expresses different denotative beauty and connotative beauty, making the work more lively and artistically expressive.
2: The heights are scattered and uneven.
The position of the flower arrangement should not be too uniform and symmetrical, and should be aligned in rows. It should be pitched up and down, stretched front and back, and varied.
3: Combination of virtuality and reality, hardness and softness
A. Density and density
Flower arrangement materials should not be airtight or evenly spaced. It should be sparse at the top and dense at the bottom, scattered at the top and gathered at the bottom.
B. Appropriate shade
When the flower color is too strong, it is better to use light-colored flowers to lighten it. When the material is too hard and heavy, it is better to add some soft branches and leaves to soften it.
C. Leave a blank space
Like a bonsai-style flower arrangement, arrange the flowers on one side and leave a large blank space on the other side, allowing people to have room for viewing and imagination. The blank leaves the aftertaste.
4: Echoing relationship
Pay attention to the directionality of the flowers, so that the materials are interconnected between pitches and glances, penetrate each other, and blend into one, so that they are full of vitality. Open and close freely.
5: Contrast relationship
Through contrast, materials can be compared with each other, each highlighted, or the essence of the work can be emphasized. Only with contrast can the composition appear lively and lively, instead of being straightforward. Contrast includes height, density, size, virtuality, color contrast, etc.
6 Guest-host relationship
When arranging flowers, it is necessary to establish the guest-host relationship, which can make the theme more focused and avoid laxity caused by unclear priorities.
The main content is the central content of the work. The guest is in a foil position, no matter in terms of color or trend, the purpose is to put the subject in a prominent position.
3. Pay attention to the artistic conception, imply the meaning of flowers, and give propositions
1: Artistic conception
Pay attention to the beauty of the content expressed by the flowers, that is, the beauty of the artistic conception.
It pays attention to the meaning of borrowed objects, expresses the spirit through form, has rich and colorful connotations, implicit and far-reaching artistic conception, is thought-provoking and daydream, expresses poetic and picturesque feelings, and is known for its beauty, elegance and unconventionality, which is not found in Western flower arrangements and even other flower arrangements.
2: Meaning in flowers
People give flowers and trees symbolic meanings to express their ambitions or express feelings through flowers, and to educate flowers. Therefore, there is the so-called flower meaning and flower language. The origins of the symbolic meaning of flowers and trees are:
1. Determine the meaning based on the homophony of the flower name
2. Determine the meaning based on the image of the flowers and trees
3. Determine the meaning based on the flowers and trees Growth habits determine the meaning
4. Determine the meaning according to legends and seasons
3: Naming of works and expression of artistic conception
Naming is the finishing touch to the artistic conception of flower arrangement works It can guide the viewer to associate with the work and achieve an emotional resonance with the author.
There are two naming methods:
1. Specify proposition naming
Name it first, and then create based on the naming
2. Free title naming
After the creation is completed, the name can be renamed according to the theme, theme and artistic conception of the flower material
The name is based on the symbolic meaning and characteristics of the flower material
< p>For example, "The Honor of a Gentleman" created with bamboo, pine, orchid, chrysanthemum, osmanthus and other flower materialsWorked by Luo Ning
Quoted from "Kunming World Expo Flower Arrangement Competition Winners" edited by Lai Ercong Portfolio 2》
Named based on the seasonal landscape changes of plants
For example, the work "Autumn is in full bloom"
Xue Li's new work
Quoted from "Traditional Chinese Flower Arrangement Art" edited by Wang Lianying and Qin Kuijie
Named after the shape of the flower arrangement works
For example, the work "Take Off"
Quoted from Li Peixia and Fan Yanping Editor-in-Chief "Fundamentals of Flower Arrangement Art"
Named after natural landscapes
For example, "Spring Scenery of the Li River"
Quoted from "Fundamentals of Flower Arrangement Art" edited by Li Peixia and Fan Yanping< /p>
The works are named after a kind of sentiment and emotion
For example, "Water Knots Together"
Quoted from "Fundamentals of Flower Arrangement Art" edited by Li Peixia and Fan Yanping
Using abstract techniques to express, the freedom of naming is greater
As shown in the picture on the right, it is like a dragonfly touching the water, which reminds people of the artistic conception of "the little lotus has just revealed its sharp corners, and a dragonfly has already stood on it" .
Quoted from "Fundamentals of Flower Arrangement Art" edited by Li Peixia and Fan Yanping
Expression techniques of three-section landscape-style flower arrangement
1. Layout requirements
Scenery-style flower arrangement pays attention to the arrangement of long shot, middle shot and close shot. Use the perspective of perspective to arrange the scenery using the "far and near method". When decorating with multiple plants, they should be grouped. If there are four plants, three should be densely packed and one should be separated. They are of different heights and cannot be aligned or arranged in the same straight line. Their postures change and echo each other, making them lively and interesting.
2. Selection of flower materials
Realistic scenes are basically faithful to natural scenes and use flowers in the scene; freehand scenes use highly generalized techniques to express lakes, mountains, snow and rain. Wind and frost and other natural scenes.
There is a wide range of materials to choose from, including mountain flowers and wild grasses with exotic branches, or representative plants to express the endless changes in nature.
3. Containers and accessories as foils
The containers used in landscape-style flower arrangements are mostly wide-mouthed shallow basins with shallow depth and wide width. When describing scenes, some appropriate accessories are often used to enhance the atmosphere and render the landscape
4. Expression techniques of freehand landscapes
In addition to realistic landscapes, general and abstract art can also be used To express nature, such as using rough lines to vaguely outline the outline of the landscape, which is similar but not similar, to arouse people's association. This freehand technique is often more touching than the actual landscape
Si Dongfang The basic flower pattern of traditional flower arrangement
1. The structure of the basic flower pattern
The basic flower pattern of the Oriental style generally consists of three main branches forming a skeleton, and then around each main branch, Insert some auxiliary branches of different lengths to fill the space to make the flower shape plump and layered. The first main branch determines the basic shape of the flower shape, such as upright, inclined or drooping. Its length is 1.5-2 times the sum of the height and diameter of the flower container. times.
The second main branch generally uses the same flower material as the first main branch to make up for the shortcomings of the first main branch. The forward-inclined space extends so that the flower shape has a certain width and depth and appears three-dimensional. feel. Its length should be 1/2 or 3/4 of the first main branch.
The function of the third main branch is to balance the flower shape. You can choose the same flower material as the first and second main branches, or you can choose other flower materials. If the first and second main branches use woody flowers, then the third main branch can choose herbal flowers. Looking for changes in shape and color, its length should be 1/2 or 3/4 of the second main branch.
The secondary branches are the branches that set off and contrast the main branches. Their length should be shorter than the branches they set off, and they should be used around each main branch. The number should be determined according to needs, as long as it can achieve the effect. Generally, the same flower materials as the main branches are selected. If woody flowers are selected for the three main branches, herbaceous flowers should be selected for the auxiliary branches.
If the mutual position of each branch and the cutting angle are different, the flower pattern will be different, and many flower patterns can be transformed, increasing the variability of the work.
2. Oriental common basic flower types
A. Upright type
The first main branch is inserted upright into the container, showing a strong and straight or slim posture. , giving people a dignified and steady artistic beauty. It is advisable to look at it at eye level.
"Heshun Reunion" by Wang Lianying
Quoted from "Appreciation of Famous Chinese Classical Flower Arrangements" edited by Wang Lianying and Qin Kuijie
B. Oblique type
Insert the main flower branches into the container at an outward angle, and use some naturally curved or inclined branches to express their lively and dynamic beauty. It is advisable to look at it at eye level. The overall outline should be a tilted rectangle, that is, the horizontal dimension is greater than the height, so as to show the beauty of tilt.
The picture on the right is quoted from "Fundamentals of Flower Arrangement Art" edited by Li Peixia and Fan Yanping
C. Flat type
The flat type is to extend the main flower branches diagonally or horizontally. In the container, the beauty of the horizontal lines or the beauty of the horizontally unfolding ribbons is emphasized. The first main branch slopes down to about 80o-90o, basically forming a horizontal shape with the flower vessel.
"The most beautiful woman in the world" by Wang Lianying
Quoted from "Chinese Traditional Flower Arrangement Art" edited by Wang Lianying and Qin Kuijie
D: Drooping type
Insert the main flower branches into the container with hanging downwards, and mostly use vines, semi-vines, and plants with flexible and bendable flower branches to express the beauty of their slender, elegant, curved and smooth lines, making the picture vivid and decorative. The picture on the right is quoted from Li Peixia's "Practical Flower Arrangement Essentials and Examples"
E. Merging flower patterns (combined flower arrangement)
Merging flower patterns is to combine two identical or different flowers. The shapes are combined into one to form an overall modeling work.
"Spring" by Xie Xiaorong
Quoted from "Kunming World Expo Flower Arrangement Competition Winning Works Collection 1" edited by Lai Ercong
F. Scenery Flower Arrangement
< p> Scenery-style flower arrangement is a form of flower arrangement that expresses natural scenery within the square inch of the pot"Quiet" Wang Luchang's Western-style flower arrangement has the characteristics of Western art. Its shape is relatively neat, mostly composed of geometric figures, paying attention to symmetry and balance, with strong colors, more materials and dense insertions. The selected flower materials have certain etiquette meanings. The colors of Western-style flower arrangements are usually bright and bright, and the flowers are regular in shape. One of the characteristics of Western flower arrangement is the large amount of flowers used and the rich colors. Principles and artistic characteristics of Western flower arrangement Western flower arrangement pays attention to geometric shapes. Its principles and artistic characteristics will be discussed below in terms of balance, harmony, rhythm and artistic conception: (1) Balance Balance refers to the sense of stability of the work, including symmetry, balance and asymmetry. Balanced points. Because Western flower arrangements are regular geometric compositions, the problem of balance is easily solved. Commonly used methods to achieve balance include: 1. Distribute the main flower materials symmetrically and evenly throughout the composition to achieve a balanced effect; 2. Use flowers with large flowers, deep colors, dense arrangement, and thick texture in the center of the composition. Using flowers on the edges is opposite to the central part, which highlights the theme and center of gravity and achieves a balanced composition. Due to the large amount of flower materials used in Western flower arrangements, it is easy to become top-heavy and lose a sense of balance. Therefore, wide-mouth containers with larger volumes and thick textures, such as ceramics and metal materials, are often used.
Large flower arrangements and table flower arrangements often use a few large flowers in the middle and lower parts or some filamentous, spike-like leaves and other appendages (such as conifers) at the base. Use the naturalness and elegance of the appendages to highlight key points and achieve a balanced and stable effect. (2) Harmony Harmony contains both contrast and change, giving people a sense of harmony and unity. The harmony of flower arrangements includes between flowers, between flowers and flower vessels, between works and the environment, etc. Here we mainly discuss the issue of harmony between flowers. The main factors that affect the harmony of flower materials are shape and color, among which color is the most important. Mainly, there are four main techniques: 1. Use the same flower material of the same color. There is not much change in color. Only the shape and size change. There is no contrast at all, and harmony is naturally achieved. 2. The flowers should be made of materials with similar tones and hues, with certain changes or similarities in shape, such as red and pink, which are naturally harmonious in color. It is often solved by relatively concentrating the same kind of flowers and gradually transitioning. 3. The shapes are the same and contrasting colors are used, such as red and white, green and red, yellow and purple, etc. For example, two colors of flowers are relatively evenly arranged in the composition, or one color is relatively concentrated, such as bright yellow concentrated in the middle and gradually transitioning to purple outwards, so that the two colors can be harmonized in contrast. 4. Flowers vary greatly in both color and shape, which often occurs in large flower arrangements. The harmonious method used in this kind of works is: first, use larger flowers that are coordinated in shape and color as the main body, and dominate in quantity. When inserting, it occupies the main position and distributes it in various parts of the composition, and then uses white to reconcile it. Borrowing ribbons, gold, silver containers, etc. can also help with reconciliation. (3) Rhythm Rhythm refers to organized and rhythmic changes, mainly changes in shape and color. Western flower arrangements (especially large flower arrangements) must have a batch of main flowers (focus flowers) in terms of shape and color, and then add secondary and tertiary flowers (line flowers) and accessories (complementary flowers). The well-proportioned and well-layered insertions one by one reflect the rhythm of movement in silence and clear priorities. (4) Artistic conception Western flower arrangement directly and enthusiastically expresses people's emotional world. For example, carnation is used for Mother's Day, lilies are used for Easter, red roses are used to express love, laurel branches represent victory, and olive branches represent peace and equality. At Christmas, people like to use poinsettias as the main flowers, paired with green pine branches, holly leaves, white carnations and red fruits, reflecting the fiery and cheerful atmosphere of Christmas.
Quoted from "Chinese and Foreign Modern Floral Art—Selected Works on the Rhythm of Flowers" edited by Cai Zhongjuan