"It is suggested that the relevant language and writing departments should fully investigate and conduct in-depth research, resume the use of traditional Chinese characters in due course, retain the achievements of simplified Chinese characters, and at least achieve' knowing the complexity' and' knowing the complexity with simplicity' to eliminate many disadvantages." On the afternoon of 4th, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Commissioner Han introduced the new proposal he submitted this year.
Han said that China adopted the simplified Chinese character scheme in 1956. The use and popularization of simplified characters have played a historic and important role in eliminating illiteracy and popularizing culture. However, after more than half a century, especially since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in social, historical and cultural conditions. Now it is necessary to reflect on the simplified characters in reality, re-evaluate and adjust them.
Han believes that the simplification of Chinese characters has disadvantages in many aspects for more than 60 years, which has been discussed by academic experts, and there are also a lot of practical problems in practice, mainly: simplification is detrimental to the meaning, artistic beauty and regularity of Chinese characters, and is not conducive to the historical inheritance of culture.
He said that the organic rationality of Chinese characters in form, sound and meaning contains the wisdom of ancient sages and sages of China culture. When we see or write a Chinese character, most of us can initially identify its general meaning by its shape and radical. But many simplified characters have completely lost this function. Many traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters are not synonymous, but have completely different meanings, such as "boring", "fat", "bearded", "cloud time", "grain", "sleepy", "cloth clothes" and "ginger" and so on. If you use it wrongly, you will completely lose the original meaning of Chinese characters.
In addition, Han pointed out that the creation of Chinese characters has its artistic and scientific laws. Simplify into love, the factory is a factory, the in-laws are in-laws, and the in-laws are Feng and so on. , has completely lost the aesthetic value of Chinese characters and the scientific character structure. Therefore, there is a jingle among the people: "Don't see each other (pro), don't listen (listen), harvest without food (open the door), and don't close your eyes when you are sleepy" ... These are all criticisms of simplified characters.
Han, who is also the vice chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the China People's Political Consultative Conference, said that countries that once belonged to the cultural circle of Chinese characters, such as North Korea, South Korea and Viet Nam, successively abolished Chinese characters after World War II. As a result, most people can't even read their country's previous history books, because they can't express them in detail without Chinese characters. "As the motherland of Chinese characters, we should learn lessons and avoid repeating the same mistakes."
At present, except Chinese mainland and Singapore, Taiwan Province, Hongkong, Macau and Malaysia all use traditional Chinese characters. Entering a new era, we cannot artificially divide history and nation because of the contradiction between complexity and simplification, and we cannot stand still on the basis of simplification of Chinese characters more than 60 years ago. We should keep pace with the times and constantly optimize and improve Chinese characters, not simplify them for the sake of simplification.
Han's specific suggestion is to first set up a leading organization for the implementation of traditional Chinese characters, composed of administrative leaders and experts in the fields of linguistics and philology, to re-examine, sort out and establish a new standard system for traditional Chinese characters. Secondly, we should gradually implement traditional Chinese reading education in Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools, add China traditional classic reading courses in primary and secondary schools, and use traditional Chinese characters in school calligraphy teaching.
Response of the Ministry of Education
On February 6, 65438, the Ministry of Education published the relevant reply to the Proposal on Literacy Education of Traditional Chinese Characters in Primary and Secondary Schools in China.
As for the simplification of Chinese characters, it is detrimental to the meaning, the artistic beauty and regularity of Chinese characters, and the cultural inheritance. According to the Ministry of Education, since ancient times, the development and evolution trend of Chinese characters from complex to simple is very significant. Simplified Chinese characters developed with the appearance of Chinese characters, and have a history of more than 3,000 years. As early as Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen, Chinese characters had simplified characters; Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, simplified Chinese characters have also produced regular script, cursive script and running script. The current simplified Chinese characters are based on the established principles, collecting, sorting and screening simplified Chinese characters popular among the people for thousands of years. On the basis of extensive consultation and after a period of trial, the simplified Chinese characters are determined, which has historical inheritance, systematicness and profound mass base. According to the law of word formation of Chinese characters, pictophonetic characters are the main word formation methods. If we only understand Chinese characters from the direction of understanding characters, we will deviate from the fact of Chinese character configuration.
In addition, writing is not completely equivalent to culture. Writing is a tool for recording and transmitting cultural information, and a lot of information of China culture is recorded by Chinese characters. To understand this information, we must first be able to understand the written Chinese in various historical periods recorded by Chinese characters. However, after a long historical development, great changes have taken place in Chinese. At present, the main difficulty for people to understand ancient cultural information through written materials lies in the great changes in the language recorded in these information from ancient times to the present. People who know traditional Chinese characters can't read classical poetry, understand China traditional culture and know the origin of China culture without special study and training on ancient Chinese and ancient cultural knowledge. Similarly, there are simplified versions of classical poetry, which cannot be read without special training.
According to the Ministry of Education, according to the data of the national survey on the reading difficulty of traditional books and newspapers organized by1/ministries (bureaus), the proportion of reading traditional books and newspapers is "basically not difficult" and "somewhat difficult but can guess the general meaning" accounts for 58.69%; The proportion of "many difficulties" is 4 1.3 1%, mostly concentrated in the western provinces. This shows that most people can basically understand traditional Chinese characters.
With regard to "literacy education of traditional Chinese characters in primary and secondary schools", the Ministry of Education stated that the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Common Languages and Characters clearly stipulates that "schools and other educational institutions use Putonghua and standardized Chinese characters as the basic teaching languages. Except as otherwise provided by law ". Therefore, standardized Chinese characters are used in school teaching according to law. However, in the classic reading and calligraphy education in primary and secondary schools, it will involve the education of traditional Chinese characters.
In terms of classic reading, the Ministry of Education actively promotes classic reading in primary and secondary schools, and implements the Chinese classic reading project and the innovation plan of the education system for the inheritance and development of Chinese excellent traditional culture in accordance with the relevant requirements of the Outline for the Improvement of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture Education, so that the majority of young people can get close contact with Chinese classics. In the process of learning classics, young people will come into contact with traditional Chinese characters and know them. In the aspect of calligraphy education, the Outline of Calligraphy Education for Primary and Secondary Schools (Teaching Basis II [20 13] 1) issued by the Ministry of Education clarifies the requirements for the characters used in calligraphy teaching: "According to the relevant provisions of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Languages and Characters, standardized Chinese characters should be used in hard pen teaching and a brush should be used for pasting.
According to the Ministry of Education, in today's language life, traditional Chinese characters will still play a role in developing the art of writing and strengthening exchanges between the four places across the Taiwan Strait and overseas Chinese-speaking areas. On the premise of adhering to the national writing policy, we should fully investigate and carry out research on traditional Chinese characters to better provide language services for the society.
20 19 The "Examination Instructions" for Beijing Senior High School Entrance Examination was released. It was learned from the Beijing Education Examinations Institute that this year's Beijing senior high school entrance examination "Examination Notes" was slightly adjusted, highlighting the examination of Chinese excellent traditional culture and the rule of law, in which calligraphy was included in the Chinese subject, and five fonts, such as seal script, official script, cursive script and running script, were added for examination.
Understand its general evolution process, strengthen the examination of calligraphy knowledge and calligraphy appreciation, and the important changes in the senior high school entrance examination will cause many changes in calligraphy education. With the country's emphasis on excellent traditional culture, many measures to promote traditional culture education are being gradually implemented, and increasing the examination of calligraphy knowledge in the senior high school entrance examination is one of the effective measures.
Calligraphy should also be included in the examination category? How many fonts do you need to know? I suddenly feel that children are under great pressure now.
With the reform of teaching materials and the increase of difficulty, children have to deal with a lot of courses every day since grade one, and there are a lot of homework when they go home at night. Some students have to go to cram schools because they can't keep up with their studies, and their schedules are full every day.
Increasing the reading of China's traditional poetry, students who think that ancient poetry is obscure may be more disgusted with ancient poetry, which will dampen students' interest in learning.
Everything is for the children, but can the children stand it? Not everyone likes traditional Chinese characters and calligraphy. Bian Xiao thinks these can be used as elective courses, and interested students can study them.
Do you have any opinions? You can leave a message and discuss together.