Chinese painting refers to traditional Chinese painting, while oil painting and gouache painting refer to the pigment composition of painting. These are different concepts.
You should say "the respective characteristics of ink painting, oil painting and gouache painting", or "the characteristics of Chinese painting and Western painting".
Chinese painting is mainly ink and wash, so ink and wash painting is called Chinese painting. It pays attention to white space and artistic conception. It cannot fill the whole paper. There must be some space left open to give the viewer room for imagination, especially landscape painting. very. When painting characters, emphasis is placed on verve. The anatomical proportions may be slightly off, and the modeling structure may be a little less rigorous, but they are full of charm and give people a sense of spiritual consistency.
Oil painting is a type of Western painting that pays attention to perspective relationships, the proportions of figures, and color changes, so the characters painted are very real. However, oil painting is not suitable for painting large landscapes because it is a focus perspective. , is only applicable to the scenery viewed from a certain point. If you want to paint a very large landscape, you must use the scatter point perspective method. The reason why Chinese painting is suitable for painting landscapes is precisely because of the use of the scatter point perspective method. Nowadays, many foreign paintings People learn the Chinese method of painting landscapes, and then combine scatter perspective with focus perspective. The entire picture uses scatter perspective, while a specific place uses focus perspective.
As for gouache painting, the method and characteristics are the same as oil painting, but the type of pigment is different. Gouache paint is cheaper and dries faster than oil paint, but the color becomes gray after drying, and the color of the underlying layer is easily reflected. It comes from the top, so it is suitable for beginners or those who are not very wealthy. Nowadays, most students have to learn a degree before going to college. In terms of the pigment itself: oil painting is an oil-based pigment, which is mixed with oil, and Chinese painting uses ink, or Chinese painting pigments (including mineral pigments and plant pigments)
In terms of picture quality: oil painting is painted on linen and other fabrics, and Chinese painting Rice paper is used
In terms of the style of painting: oil paintings are covered with multiple colors, generally thicker, abstract, concrete and impressionistic; some Chinese paintings have blank spaces, some have inscriptions, and pay attention to artistic conception, and most of them do not Realism
Oil painting belongs to Western painting, while Chinese painting is native to my country.
Chinese painting can represent four seasons in one painting. Scattered perspective. The lines themselves contain a spirit. Oil paintings can only use focus perspective.
Chinese painting: referred to as "Chinese painting", it has its own unique system in the field of art in the world. It uses brushes, inks, and Chinese painting pigments to paint on special rice paper or silk. In terms of subject matter, there are figure paintings, landscape paintings, flower and bird (flower) paintings, animal paintings, etc. In terms of technique, it can be divided into two types: meticulous painting and freehand painting, each with its own unique approach and characteristics. In terms of figure painting, it gradually matured from the late Zhou Dynasty to the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Landscapes, flowers and birds began to form independent painting materials in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. By the Five Dynasties and the Two Song Dynasties, there were many schools and it was a stage of high development. Yuanhua ink painting became popular. In the Ming, Qing and modern times, the previous rules were generally followed. In each period, there have been many innovative painters. In the field of world art, Chinese painting has a distinctive national form and unique style. In depicting objects, he actively uses lines and ink colors to express shapes and textures with a high degree of expressiveness, and combines them with poetry, rhymes, calligraphy and seal cutting to achieve a vivid effect of "both form and spirit". In addition, Chinese paintings also have unique mounting forms, which serve to set off the body of the painting.
Oil painting uses transparent vegetable oil mixed with pigments to create artistic images on materials such as cloth, paper, and wood boards that have been used as a base. It originated and developed in Europe and became an important painting genre worldwide in modern times.
The emergence of oil painting
Tempera painting in European paintings before the 15th century was the predecessor of oil painting. While using tempera painting, many painters continued to search for more ideal blending agents. It is generally believed that the Dutch painters Jan van Eyck and his brothers in the early 15th century were the founders of oil painting techniques. Based on their predecessors' attempts to dissolve pigments with oil, they used linseed oil and walnut oil as blending agents for painting, which resulted in smooth brush strokes when painting. The paint took a moderate amount of time to dry on the painting, making it easy to cover and modify it multiple times during the painting process, forming a Rich color levels and gloss, the pigments have strong adhesion after drying and are not easy to peel and fade. They used new oil painting materials to create works and were very influential in the painting world at that time. Oil painting technology soon spread to other countries in Western Europe, especially in Venice, Italy, where it developed rapidly.
Chinese painting mainly uses lines, outlines, and elegant images to achieve artistic conception, while oil paintings mainly use light and shadow, reality, and bright images to achieve realism.
Moreover, the pigments used in the two paintings are also different. Chinese paintings mainly use pigments with more moisture and elegant colors; oil paintings mainly use pigments with higher viscosity and bright colors. Chinese paintings give people a imaginative, elegant and calm feeling, while oil paintings give people a real three-dimensional and bright color feeling.