1, geographical location
Luoyang is located in the west of Henan Province, between east longitude11.8' and north latitude1/2.59'. Located in the eastern section of the Eurasian Continental Bridge, across the banks of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, it is "the best in the world" and is known as the "hinterland of Kyushu".
Located in the transition zone from the southern edge of the warm temperate zone to the north subtropical zone, it is adjacent to Zheng in the east, Guo in the west, the Yellow River in the north and Pingdingshan and Nanyang in the south. Luoyang is high in the west and low in the east. The territory is criss-crossed with mountains and complex terrain. There are many mountains around, such as Yushan, Mangshan, Qingyao, Jingzi, Zhoushan, Sakura, Longmen, Xiangshan, Wanan Mountain, shouyangshan and Songshan.
There are many rivers and canals in the territory, belonging to the Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River. The Yellow River, Luohe River, Yihe River, Qinghe River, Cihe River, Tieluan River, Jianhe River, Chanhe River, etc. 10 many rivers meander through it, which is known as "surrounded by mountains on all sides, with six rivers running in parallel, the thoroughfare of ten provinces, eight customs and ten cities".
Because Luoyang is located in the Central Plains, with mountains and water, Qinling Mountains in the west and Qinchuan in Guanzhong. East of Song Yue; Risks to the north of Taihang and the Yellow River; Looking at the bulls in the south, Chiba is more than enough, so "the rivers and mountains are crowned, and the situation is the best in the world."
2. History and culture
The earliest historical document "The Book of Hutuluo" came from Luoyang. Fu, known as the "ancestor of humanity", was composed of eight diagrams and nine realms according to the river map and Luo's paintings and calligraphy. Heluo culture and Heluo civilization centered on Luoyang are the core and source of Chinese national culture and constitute an important part of Chinese civilization. Historical research shows that civilization first sprouted here, Taoism began here, Confucianism originated here, Confucian classics flourished here, Buddhism first spread here, metaphysics formed here, and Neo-Confucianism originated here. Sages gather, people gather.
Luoyang used to be China's political, economic and cultural center, and also a transportation hub extending in all directions.
In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the first large-scale highway network in China was established, with Luoyang as the center, as straight as an arrow and as far as it could reach. In the first year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (AD 605), Yang Di established the capital in Luoyang and ordered the Grand Canal to be dug. At this point, a north-south water transport network with Luoyang as the center and radiating more than 2,000 kilometers to the northeast and southeast has been formed. The "Silk Road" at the eastern end, starting from Luoyang, can go directly to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean, and camels and horses are in an endless stream.
Extended data:
Luoyang is generally called "the imperial capital of nine dynasties" because "nine" was the largest positive number in ancient times, meaning "the most" and "the most", which was put forward by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. This statement has a history of 100 years.
Luoyang, from the first dynasty of China, Xia Dynasty, has successively established its capital in thirteen dynasties, including Xia, Shang, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang, Hou Liang, Later Tang and Later Jin. It is the city with the earliest, longest and most dynasties in the history of China.
In the sixth year of Yonghui in Tang Gaozong (655), Wu Zetian was posthumously named as the queen. 65438+ 10, in the second year of emperor xianqing, in order to make luoyang dongxing for the first time, luoyang palace was appointed as the east capital, which made luozhou official like yongzhou, and luoyang was upgraded to the capital status. This is the first step for Wu Zetian to move the capital to Luoyang.
In the following twenty-six years, Tang Gaozong Li Zhizeng traveled between the east and the west nine times and lived in Luoyang for eleven years. In the first year of Shangyuan (674), Emperor Tiandi ascended the throne as "Emperor Tiandi".
After living in Luo in the first year of Yongchun (682), he never returned to the Western Regions. Before Tang Gaozong got lucky in Luoyang, he began to repair Luoyang Palace. In April of the second year of Xian Qing, he ordered Shao Qingjiwei (Wei Hongji, forbidden to change to Wei Ji) to cultivate fields for the four farmers to celebrate and know the east, and completed the renovation of the palace garden, thus opening the prelude to the large-scale construction of Luoyang, the east capital.
Wiki has built many palace facilities on the original basis of Luoyang Palace, and two palaces, Gaoshan Palace and Su Yu Palace, have been built in the Forbidden Park. The system is magnificent. The luxurious Shangyang Palace was built along the Luoshui River and was very successful. In the second year of Hongdao, he changed his official name and official uniform; Many names of Luoyang City have also been changed, with Dongdu becoming the capital of God and Dongdu Garden becoming the capital of God.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Wudu
Baidu encyclopedia-Shendu