○The first number one scholar in Chinese history was Sun Fuga, the number one scholar in Renwu Branch in the fifth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty.
○Among the top picks in the past dynasties, the most admired national hero by later generations is Wen Tianxiang, the top pick in Bingchenke in the fourth year of Bao in the Southern Song Dynasty (1256). With his lofty patriotism and national integrity, he is known as "the number one among the number one scholars".
○ Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one who had a major influence and role on China's political situation was Weng Tonghe, the number one scholar in Bingchenke in the sixth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1856). He served as the emperor's teacher twice in his life, and he was the leader of the imperial party during the struggle between the late Qing emperor and the later Qing Dynasty. After the Sino-Japanese War, he actively supported Kang Youwei's reform proposals and secretly recommended him to Emperor Guangxu, which ultimately promoted the "1898 Reform" and brought about major changes in the political situation at that time.
○ Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the only one who became the emperor from the number one scholar was Li Zunxu, the number one scholar in Guihai Branch in the 10th year of Qing Dynasty in the Western Xia Dynasty (1203). He was the son of Li Yanzong, the king of Qi in the Xia clan. He took part in the Xixia imperial examination in the 10th year of Tianqing (1203) and won the first place in the imperial examination and became the number one scholar. He was granted the title of King of Qi and promoted to the Governor of the Palace. Later, in the second year of Emperor Jian's reign of Xixia (1211), he launched a palace coup, deposed Xia Xiangzong and established himself as emperor, named Xia Shenzong.
○Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the earliest number one scholar to win the "Three Yuans" in the imperial examination according to evidence is Cui Yuanhan, the number one scholar in Xinyou Branch in the second year of Jianzhong of Tang Dynasty (781). He successively passed the examinations of Jingzhaofu Jie Tou (Xie Yuan), Jin Shi Zhuang Tou (Zhuang Yuan), Bo Xue Hong Ci Ke Tuo, and Zhi Ke TiTou three.
○ Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the only one who rose to the position of prime minister from the number one scholar in martial arts was Guo Ziyi, a high-ranking scholar in martial arts in the early years of Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty. He served in the four dynasties of Xuanzong, Suzong, Daizong and Dezong throughout his life, and served as prime minister twice. At the same time, he is also the one with the most outstanding military achievements among the top martial arts champions in the past dynasties.
○In the imperial examinations of all dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty had the largest number of people who passed the "Three Yuan" exams. There were 6 people including Sun He, Wang Zeng, Song Guangyang, Yang Zhencheng, Feng Jing, and Wang Yansou. .
○Among the number one champions in the past dynasties, from official to prime minister (including official positions equivalent to prime minister, such as chief minister of the cabinet, bachelor, etc.), the largest number was in the Ming Dynasty, with 17 people including Hu Guang, Shang Ren, etc. .
○Among the top scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievements in poetry and painting was Wang Wei, the top scholar of Xinweike in the 19th year of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty (731). He is one of the outstanding representatives of the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His poetry art is considered to be "the first since Li (Bai) and Du (Fu)." His paintings are regarded as the "ancestor of Southern painting", and ancient literati paintings also began with him.
○Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievement in ci writing was Zhang Xiaoxiang, the number one scholar in Jiaxu Branch in the 24th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1154). His poems follow the example of Su Shi, with a majestic spirit and profound patriotism. Together with Zhang Yuanqian, he is considered one of the greatest poets in the early Southern Song Dynasty. He is the forerunner of the great patriotic poet Xin Qiji.
○Among the champions in the past dynasties, the one with the highest achievement in calligraphy was Liu Gongquan, the champion of Wuzike in the third year of Tang Yuanhe (808). He was proficient in regular script and cursive script. Together with Yan Zhenqing, another great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, he was also known as "Yan Liu". Historically, he, Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing in the Tang Dynasty, and Zhao Mengzhaoye in the Yuan Dynasty were collectively known as the "four regular script calligraphers" in my country. Everyone".
○ Among the number one scholar in the past dynasties, the one with the highest historical achievement was Wang Pu, the number one scholar in Jiyou Branch in the second year of Qianlong (949) in the Later Han Dynasty during the Five Dynasties. On the basis of the Huiyao style originally created by Su Mian in the Tang Dynasty, he compiled the "Huiyao" of the Nine Dynasties of the Tang Dynasty compiled by Su Mian and the revised books by Yang Shaofu and others, and compiled it into one hundred volumes of "Tang Huiyao". Later, thirty volumes of "Meetings of the Five Dynasties" were compiled based on the actual records of the Five Dynasties. Not only is the historical data rich and detailed, but it also formally established a system and method for classifying and compiling conferences, which was imitated by later generations. This contribution was called "extremely great" by "Siku Synopsis".
○Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the one with the most prolific writings was Yang Shen, the number one scholar of Xinweike in the sixth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1511). He is not only skilled in poetry, but also capable of writing, lyrics and music. He also attaches great importance to folk literature and is an accomplished litterateur and famous scholar.
He wrote more than 400 kinds of works in his life. Although most of them are lost, more than 100 kinds still exist. There are about 2,300 existing poems. His writings are so abundant that he was ranked first in the Ming Dynasty
○ The number one scholar in all dynasties Among them, the one with the highest achievement in botany was Wu Qixunrui, the number one scholar in Dingchou family in the 20th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1817). He served as governor of many provinces throughout his life. He paid attention to the relationship between fertility and people's livelihood in various places. Based on what he heard and saw, he drew pictures and compiled descriptions. He also compiled relevant plant literature in ancient books into twenty-two volumes of "Plant Names and Facts Illustrated Examination Changbian". The thirty-eight volumes of "An Illustrated Study of Plant Names and Facts" are an important botanical monograph in my country in the 19th century.
○Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the most famous thinker is Chen Liang, the number one scholar in Guichou Branch in the fourth year of Shaoxi in the Southern Song Dynasty (1193). He advocated the "study of meritorious service" that focused on career utilitarianism and supplemented the national economy and people's livelihood. He put forward the proposition that "what fills the universe is nothing but matter, and what is used in daily life is nothing but things", and had many debates with Zhu Xi on the relationship between justice, benefit and kingship. His theory has a unique system and he is the founder of Yongkang School. He is also a famous litterateur.
○Among the top scholars in the past dynasties, the one who was most fond of drinking tea and contributed to the study of tea ceremony in my country was Zhang Youxin, the top scholar of Jiawu Branch in the 9th year of Yuanhe in the Tang Dynasty (814). The volume "Jiancha Shuiji" written by him comments on the advantages and disadvantages of various spring water sencha. It is another important tea ceremony research work in my country after Lu Yu's "Tea Classic".
○Among the number one champions in the past dynasties, the only diplomatic envoy who has been to Eastern European countries is Hong Jun, the number one scholar in Wuchen Branch in the seventh year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1868). In the thirteenth year of Guangxu's reign (1887), he was ordered to serve as diplomatic envoy to Russia, Germany, the Netherlands, and Austria, and served as diplomatic envoy for three years. He used Western materials to write "The Translation Evidence and Supplement of the History of the Yuan Dynasty", which ushered in a new era of using Western works and materials to study the history of the Yuan Dynasty.
○Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the only one who has been recruited by the emperor as his consort is Zheng Hao, the number one scholar in Renxu Branch in the second year of Huichang of Tang Dynasty (842). Seven years after he won the first prize, that is, in the third year of Dazhong (849), he was recommended by Prime Minister Bai Minzhong as a candidate for Prince Consort to Princess Wanshou, the daughter of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty.
○Among the top picks in the past dynasties, the only one who was ordered to be executed by the emperor just after he reached the top was Chen Antuo, the top pick on the Ding Chou Kenan List (or Chun List) in the 30th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1397). Because the subjects admitted in the imperial examination were all southern scholars, they were dissatisfied with the northern scholars. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, suspected that the admission was private and was so furious that he ordered the examiner, Chen Anhuang and others to be executed.
○The only female number one scholar in Chinese history was Fu Shanxiang, the number one scholar in female subjects in the third year of Guihao in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (the third year of Guichou in the third year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, 1853).
○The first person in Chinese history who participated in the imperial examination with a minority language and won the top prize was the top scholar in the Guisi Jurchen Jinshi Branch (also known as the policy theory Jinshi) in the 13th year of Dading of Emperor Shizong of Jin Dynasty (1173) Shan Yi is a member of the Jurchen tribe. He took the imperial examination in Jurchen script.
○The last number one scholar in Chinese history was Liu Chunlin, the number one scholar in Jiachenke in the 30th year of Guangxu’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1904). In the following year, the 31st year of Guangxu's reign (1905), the Empress Dowager Cixi issued an edict to stop the imperial examination, and he became the last number one scholar in Chinese history.
○The Tang Dynasty had the largest number of champions in history. From the Renwu Branch in the fifth year of Emperor Wude (622) to the Dingmaoke of Emperor Ai (907), during the 285 years, the imperial examination was held almost every year, and about 270 champions were produced. There are more than 140 people named in ancient books such as "Deng Ke Ji Kao" and "Yuzhitang Tan Hui".
○In Chinese history, the province with the largest number of champions in one dynasty was Jiangsu Province in the Qing Dynasty. From the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), when Dinghai Kewu was admitted as the number one scholar, Lu Gong, to the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), when Jiawu Ke Nantong was admitted as the number one scholar, Zhang Jian, in 247 years, the country produced 49 number one scholars.
○In Chinese history, the prefecture with the largest number of champions in one dynasty was Suzhou Prefecture in the Qing Dynasty, with 24 champions.
○In Chinese history, the county that produced the largest number of No. 1 Scholars in a relatively short period of time was Yongfu County (now Yongtai, Fujian) during the Southern Song Dynasty.
From the Bingxu branch in the second year of Qiandao (1166) to the Chenke in the eighth year of Qiandao (1172), in seven years, three champions, Xiao Guoliang, Zheng Qiao and Huang Ding, were successively produced.
○The Tang Dynasty was the dynasty with the largest number of brothers who produced the number one scholar in history. There were 19 brothers including Zhang Shi (brother) and Zhang Zhengfu (brother).
○The dynasty that produced the largest number of father-son champions in history was the Northern Song Dynasty. There were 6 father-son champions including Zhang Quhua (father) and Zhang Shide (son).
○Among the brothers of the past dynasties, the shortest time between them was Kong Xingxun (brother) who was the number one scholar in Guisi Branch in the 14th year of Xiantong in the Tang Dynasty (873) and C in the third year of Qianfu in the Tang Dynasty (876) Kong Yan, the younger brother of the top scholar in Shenke. The time when the two brothers won the first prize was only three years apart.
○Among the fathers and sons of the past dynasties, the shortest time difference between them is the second year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (969), Ande Yu (father), who has already been the champion, and the fifth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (972). ) An Shouliang (son), the number one scholar in Renshenke. The father and son won the top prize only three years apart.
○Among the number one scholars in the past dynasties, the first one to start engaging in industrial activities and achieve great achievements was Zhang Jian, the number one scholar in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894. He engaged in industrial activities in the year following his death (1895) and successively established dozens of enterprises and a large number of social undertakings. His influence spread throughout the country and he was known as "China's great educator and great industrialist".
○Among all the previous dynasties, the only one who took the exams for two subjects and passed the examination first and then the top scholar was Ma Quan, the top scholar in martial arts in Gengchen in the 25th year of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1760). Ma Quan's first name was Ma Wangquan. In the 17th year of Qianlong's reign (1752), he took part in a martial arts Jinshi examination and won the first, first and third place (Tanhua) in the palace examination. Later, he was stripped of his official position due to conflicts with colleagues during his tenure. In order to wash away the shame, he changed his name to Quan and determined to win the title again. Finally, in the 25th year of Qianlong's reign (1760), he won the first prize in the martial arts imperial examination.