First, plain yarn clothing
Plain gauze clothing is a cultural relic excavated by China archaeologist Du Yu/KLOC-0 in 972 at Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha. It is the peak work of textile technology in the Western Han Dynasty and a national first-class cultural relic. Origin: Xiangyi County, Chenliu County, Western Han Dynasty (now Sui County, Henan Province).
Plain gauze clothing (also known as clothes, pronounced dān, Shuo Wen Jie Zi): clothes without lining are called clothes. It means a single coat. Often misspelled as "Zen", 1972 Unearthed from Tomb No.1 of Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan, China. It is a national first-class cultural relic and is now in the Hunan Provincial Museum.
The plain gauze gown unearthed from Mawangdui No.1 Han Tomb has a length of 1.28 cm and a sleeve length of 1.90 cm, and consists of a top and a bottom skirt. Horizontal collar, right collar (rèn), straight bar. The fabric is plain yarn, and the edge is geometric loop brocade. Plain yarn is very fine, the material is about 2.6 square meters, and the weight is only 49 grams, less than one or two. It is the lightest plain yarn garment in the world and the earliest printed fabric. It can be described as "as thin as cicada wings" and "as light as smoke", with bright colors and gorgeous patterns. It represents the sericulture industry in the early Western Han Dynasty. In this kind of plain yarn clothing, the clothing is made of yarn. Because there is no color and no lining, it is called plain gauze clothing in the unearthed book.
Second, T-shaped silk painting.
T-shaped silk painting of Mawangdui No.1 tomb, silk painting of Western Han Dynasty. An inscription that appeared at a funeral. It is 205 cm long and 92 cm wide at the top. It is beautifully made, brightly colored and smooth, which fully embodies the style and achievements of painting art in the early Han Dynasty. Moreover, it is composed of strange and gorgeous scenes intertwined with myth and reality, imagination and reality, which has great cultural connotation. It is the earliest existing large-scale work describing the real life in the Western Han Dynasty in China. 1972 ~ 1974 was unearthed in Mawangdui 1 No.3 Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan. Five silk paintings, such as Tomb No.3 1 and Tomb No.3 1, were created in the period of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty and are the earliest single paintings in the Han Dynasty.
The silk painting covering the coffin in the No.1 tomb of Xin Zhui is T-shaped, 205cm long, 92cm wide at the top and 47.7cm wide at the bottom. It is beautifully made and brightly colored. The middle and lower parts of the picture show the scenes of the sky, the ground and the underground respectively, which embodies the immortal magic thought in the early Western Han Dynasty. Scholars believe that the function of silk painting is to guide the dead to heaven. T-shaped silk painting is the largest, most intact and artistic painted silk painting in Han Dynasty in China. The display of Mawangdui Han Tomb has always been the treasure of Hunan Provincial Museum. However, due to the difficulty in preservation, the T-shaped silk paintings on display did not appear in the exhibition hall for the first time until 2003. T-shaped silk painting is undoubtedly the largest, most intact and most artistic painted silk painting in Han Dynasty in China. 1972 Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan Province 1 Door curtain unearthed. Now in possession: Hunan Provincial Museum.
Mawangdui tomb corpse
The ancient corpse of Mawangdui Han Tomb refers to a female corpse found in a Han Dynasty tomb in the eastern suburb of Changsha, Hunan Province in 1972. She is the wife of Li Cang, the prime minister of Changsha. Some people regard her as the underground cultural treasure house of the Chinese nation, while westerners call her the "Pompeii City" of the East.
The ancient body of Mawangdui Han Tomb is known as the "Sleeping Beauty of the East". She has provided an unparalleled model for world medicine and made great cultural contributions, which could not be studied in several lifetimes. 1972 There is a mound near Wulipi in the eastern suburb of Changsha, which is said to be the graveyard of Ma Yin, the king of Chu in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, so it is called "Mawangdui".
There are two mounds with the same area, and the top is round. According to legend, the King of Changsha buried his mother, Tang (biological mother) and Cheng, so it was called "double female tomb".
Height 154 cm, weight 34.3 kg. No.1 tomb was unearthed. This female corpse is the wife of Li Cang, the prime minister of Changsha, more than 2 100 years ago. Her name is Xin Zhui. When unearthed, the appearance is complete, the whole body is moist, the muscles are soft and elastic, and the internal organs are complete. Anatomy showed that the deceased suffered from coronary heart disease and arteriosclerosis. Sweet melon seeds were found in the stomach. They probably died of sudden illness after eating melons. They are about 50 years old. This corpse has been preserved for a long time and has a high degree of integrity, which is very rare in the world's corpse preservation records. It is related to mummies, peat tanned corpses and corpses.
Mawangdui Western Han Tombs (Mawangdui)
Mawangdui Han Tomb is located in Wulipai, the eastern suburb of Changsha City, Hunan Province. It is a saddle mound with a height of10m and a diameter of about 30m. Originally thought to be the tomb of Ma Yin, the king of Chu in the Five Dynasties, three tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were unearthed from 1972- 1974. According to textual research, this is the graveyard of princes' families in the early Western Han Dynasty. Its tomb structure is very grand and complicated, among which the coffins and funerary wares of Tomb No.1 and Tomb No.3 are well preserved. Tomb No.1 is 20 meters deep from the top of the tomb to the tomb. The coffin chamber is built at the bottom of the tomb pit and consists of three coffins (Chu coffins, middle coffins and inner coffins), three coffins (outer coffins, middle coffins and inner coffins) and skids.
Charcoal is filled around and above the wooden coffin, with a thickness of 30-40 cm, which is about 65438+100000 Jin. The outside of charcoal is filled and sealed with white paste with a thickness of 60- 130 cm. There is a female corpse in the coffin, which is intact and only seen in China. The funerary objects are very rich, reaching more than 3,000 pieces, including silk fabrics, silk books, silk paintings, lacquerware, pottery, bamboo slips, bamboo and wood utensils, wooden barrels, agricultural and livestock products and Chinese herbal medicines.
One of the painted silk paintings covered on the inner coffin, with bright patterns and colorful imagination, is a treasure of silk paintings and sound paintings existing in China more than 2 100 years ago. According to the description of lacquerware, seal and seal, it is inferred that tomb No.1 is the wife of Li Cang, tomb No.2 is Li Cang himself and tomb No.3 is the son of Li Cang. The three tombs are separated by more than 20 years. According to textual research, Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty sealed Hou in the second year (BC 193) and abandoned Hou in the fourth year (BC 19 1 year).
The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb is of great value to China's historical and scientific research, and its unearthed cultural relics are extremely precious. For example, the silk book "Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases" unearthed from Tomb No.3 may be earlier than Huangdi Neijing (written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period), which records 52 diseases, mentions the names of more than 100 diseases, and has more than 280 prescriptions and more than 240 drugs. This is the earliest prescription that can be seen in China now. The discovery of Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases supplements the medical contents of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region before Neijing, which is a very precious medical heritage. After the unearthed cultural relics were moved to the Hunan Provincial Museum for exhibition, the No.3 tomb pit remained intact for Chinese and foreign tourists to visit.