On the basis of inheriting the excellent tradition of ancient calligraphy and painting in China, they creatively developed China literati painting, actively advocated the comprehensive art of poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing, created a brand-new painting style in China, and made new contributions to the development of China painting history. Among these famous stars, the brightest one should be Zheng Banqiao.
(1695 ——1765), whose name is Kerou, is from Banqiao. People from Xinghua County, Jiangsu Province.
He was born in a declining scholarly family. He lost his mother since childhood and was brought up by a wet nurse. Father's inheritance (word Li 'an) was born in the county, and there were many apprentices at home. Banqiao studied with his father.
/kloc-at the age of 0/6, Lu wrote lyrics with the Yi people. Around the age of 25, he got married and had children, and his father was old. In order to make a living, he set up a school in Zhijiang village of Zhou Zhen and worked as a teacher for three or four years.
At the age of 30, my father died and life was even more difficult. The meager income from teaching is difficult to support the family, so I made a living by selling paintings and worked as a professional painter in Yangzhou for ten years. In the tenth year of Yongzheng (1 752), Banqiao went to Nanjing to take the provincial examination and won a prize.
In the first year of Qianlong (A.D. 736), Banqiao went to Beijing to take the exam, won the Jinshi, and specially wrote "Okra Stalagmite Map" to congratulate himself. In the spring of the seventh year of Qianlong (1 742), he served as the county magistrate of Fanxian County, Shandong Province. Five years later, he was transferred to wei county for seven years, serving as 1 2 county magistrate.
According to historical records, when he was the magistrate of Fan and Wei, he had many benefits and won the support of the people. Zheng Banqiao is an incorruptible official with remarkable achievements.
Zheng Banqiao is good at drawing orchids, bamboo stones, interplanting plum blossoms and Gu Song. He is not only a famous painter, but also an excellent realistic poet.
His calligraphy, unique and unique, is a rare treasure. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to call him "the three unique poems and books".
Zheng Banqiao's paintings have high artistic attainments, which mainly come from two aspects: First, he learned from the ancients, mainly from Xu Wei, Chen Chun, Shi Tao and Gao, but he did not stick to it, but learned and used it flexibly. He wrote an inscription in "Stone Map": "I have loved the paintings painted by Mr. Sonam and Chen all my life, and I have seen my son painting bamboo, or pressing or not pressing, or whole or broken, or finished or infinite, so I took the meaning and became a stone potential, and then added a seam.
Although I have learned two books, pen and ink are also one breath. ...' get what he wants', which is the secret of his learning from the ancients.
He strongly advocates learning painting. "Learn from intentions, not signs", "Learn half, stay half" and "Don't live in the same house". Second, more is to learn from nature. He wrote an inscription in "Zhu Mo Map": "Where I painted bamboo, there is nothing to learn from, but I got more from paper windows, white walls, sunshine and moon shadows."
He studies society and patriarchal nature, but does not engage in pure naturalism. On the contrary, he collects information from nature, extracts the essence from the rough, and removes the false from the true. From this to that, he repeatedly analyzed and compared from the outside to the inside, found out the rules and then created them. At the same time, according to years of creative practice, he also summed up three different creative stages: having a clear mind, having a clear mind and having a clear hand.
"Bamboo in the Eyes" is an objective natural scene and an inspiration for observing and experiencing nature. "Bamboo in the chest" is the conception of artistic creation, and bamboo in one hand is the realization of artistic creation. With the correct theoretical guidance, Zheng Banqiao created a large number of excellent works in his life, forming a fresh, elegant and vigorous artistic style, which made new contributions to the development of literati painting.
Zheng Banqiao painted ink bamboo, mostly for freehand brushwork. In one go. Life is strong, one branch and one leaf. Whether it's dead bamboo, single bamboo or bamboo in the wind.
Bamboo in the rain is full of wonderful changes. For example, the height of bamboo is strewn at random, the shade is dry and glorious, and the dyeing is exquisite. The painting style is beautiful, ultra-dusty and refined, giving people a unique feeling.
He self-titled "Ink Bamboo Map": "Those who are inside the paper have those who are outside the paper. This time, there are more bamboo poles than bamboo leaves, and those who show frost hide outside the paper! He added: "Literature and painting are well thought out; Zheng Banqiao paints bamboo, but he doesn't know what to do.
The so-called Weichuan thousand acres are also in the chest; Banqiao has accomplished nothing, such as lightning and thunder, and everything is angry. If not, it will cover Dahua's popularity. The way is like this, it is possible, and the Banqiao is not. One is that two people will understand. In fact, Banqiao's "no thoughts in mind" is not in contradiction with Wen and Ke's "thoughts in mind". Before creation, we pay attention to the combination of conception and technique, but this freehand brushwork is different from literary and highly realistic ink painting in technique, that is, freehand brushwork and realism, abstraction and concreteness, similarity and similarity.
What is particularly striking is that Zheng Banqiao's bamboo paintings also pay attention to the organic combination of painting and calligraphy. "It is represented by cursive vertical and long strokes." He said, "Calligraphy is wired, bamboo is wired, calligraphy has shades, bamboo has shades, books have density, and bamboo has density." Because of this, people can appreciate it from his calligraphy and painting.
The grotesque stones painted by Zheng Banqiao are outlined first, and then slightly scratched or brushed, but they are never painted and shaped like stalagmites. They are very strong and go straight into the sky, and often bamboo and stone intersect, giving people a feeling of "tough", "uninhibited" and "full of fun and smoke" Banqiao painted orchids in the suburbs, mostly orchids in Shan Ye. Use cursive brushstrokes to describe the brilliant nature of orchids and draw flowers like butterflies. The brushwork is free and easy, very interesting and innovative.
Zheng Banqiao's paintings are unique in composition and eclectic. Some towering, some plain and naive. For example, some of his orchids are born on cliffs and some are born on the banks of thorns on flat slopes, which are full of vitality and interesting. There are not only perfect artistic forms, but also rich and profound ideological contents.
He said: "I paint orchids, bamboos and stones to comfort the working people in the world, not for the safety of the world." In the era of feudal autocracy, these thoughts with "labor" as the core all sparkled with the spark of democratic thought.
He also wrote an inscription in the "Bamboo Stone Map": "Yazhai lies listening to the rustling bamboo, which is suspected to be the voice of the people's suffering." The author thinks of people's sufferings from the rustling bamboo leaves, which shows that the author is really different.
2. What kind of feelings did Zheng Banqiao express in his poems about Zhu Mo? This is a poem about painting. Mo Mei is the plum blossom of ink painting. Poets praise Mo Mei and Dont Ask For Help, just to leave a fragrance of virtue to the world. In fact, he used Mei as a metaphor to express his life attitude and noble sentiment.
The first two sentences, "The first tree in Xiyan Lake, my home, is full of pale ink marks", which directly describes Mo Mei. In the painting, the plum trees by the pond are in full bloom, and the plum blossoms are stained with a faint ink color. "West Wild Goose Lake" is the allusion of Wang Xizhi's "middle school books in the pool, and the water in the pool is all black". The poet has the same surname as Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, so he says "my home".
Three or four sentences praise Mo Mei's moral integrity. It is painted in light ink, and although its appearance is not exquisite, it has a beautiful, noble and dignified, secluded and detached inner temperament; It doesn't want to attract people, please people and get people's praise with bright colors. It just wants to send out a fragrance and let it stay between heaven and earth. These two sentences are the poet's self-portrayal. Wang Mian grew up in a poor family, herding cattle during the day and studying hard under the ever-burning lamps of Buddhist temples at night. Finally, he learned a lot. He is good at poetry and painting, and he is versatile. However, he tried every time and didn't want to curry favor with the powerful, so he decided to gain fame and fortune, live in seclusion in Jiulishan, East Zhejiang, and draw rice for a living. The phrase "don't be praised by lewdness, just stay dry for nothing" shows the poet's character of disdain, independence and self-appreciation.
This poem, titled Mo Mei, is intended to express one's ambition. The poet organically integrates painting style, poetic style and personality. Literally praising plum blossoms is actually appreciating the virtue of a person standing.
3. What kind of feelings did Zheng Banqiao express in his poems about Zhu Mo?
This is a poem in Zheng Banqiao's Bao Dazhong's Painting Bamboo in Wei County Department in the Year of Prosperity. The whole poem is:
Yazhai lay listening to Little Zhu Xiao, suspecting that it was the voice of the people's sufferings.
Some small collectors in Caozhou County always care about their feelings.
On the surface, these two poems are about bamboo, which means: we small state and county officials, the branches and leaves of bamboo outside the yamen bedroom, all affect our feelings. The actual meaning is: although we are only small state and county officials, every move of the people affects our feelings. This fully reflects Zheng Banqiao's concern for people's sufferings.
This poem was presented by Zheng Banqiao when he was the magistrate of a county in wei county, Shandong Province in 11 or 12 years. One or two sentences are figurative. The first sentence, "My yamen is lying listening to the rustling bamboo", is written by the author lying in my yamen's study and hearing the breeze blowing bamboo outside the window, giving people a very bleak and chilly feeling. The second sentence, "Doubt is the voice of people's sufferings", is the association generated by the author's cold bamboo sound. The author thinks of the sufferings of ordinary people from the sound of wind and bamboo in nature, which seems to be the sobbing of ordinary people struggling in hunger and cold, and fully embodies the author's love for the people in the hearts of the government. Speak your mind in three or four sentences. The third sentence, "some officials in Caozhou County", not only describes themselves, but also includes them. It can be seen that it is "parents" who want to solve their worries for the people. This poem broadens the connotation of poetry. The fourth sentence, "One branch and one leaf always care about feelings", not only takes care of Feng Zhu's calligraphy and painting poems, but also places deep feelings on them. Every bit of common people is closely related to "parents"! Zheng Banqiao's poem on painting is linked with the sufferings of people's lives through the swaying sound of the wind and the bamboo, and it places the author's deep concern and sympathy for people's destiny. It is really commendable that an official in the feudal era has such deep feelings for the working people.
4. Zhu Mo's Portrait Poetry (Qing Dynasty) Zheng Xie Yazhai's "Sleeping and Listening to Small" has the general idea that it is the voice of the people's sufferings.
Some small collectors in Caozhou County always care about their feelings. Zheng Xie, whose real name is Kerou, was a poet and painter in Qing Dynasty and one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou".
When Qianlong was a scholar, he served as a county magistrate of Qipin. This poem is about the disaster in Shandong when he was in office, and there were countless hungry people.
Zheng Banqiao ran for the victims all day, worked hard during the day, and couldn't sleep at night. Listening out of the window, the wind blows bamboo and makes a rustling sound. He immediately thought of the people's complaints about hunger and cold, so he got up and made a paper painting, made this article, sent it to his superiors, let them know the sufferings of the people, and wrote a letter asking for relief, opening an official warehouse and relieving the people.
The disaster is serious and the situation is urgent. He didn't have time to wait for the approval of his superiors, so he decided to open a warehouse and release grain, and at the same time mobilized officials to cook porridge for disaster relief, so he offended his superiors and was dismissed. A friend said he was confused, and he wrote the word "rare confusion" to show his attitude.
Previous bamboo paintings were more realistic, with thick stems and small leaves. The bamboo stems in Banqiao's works are very thin, and the bamboo leaves are not many colors, but they are green and dripping, and they are all made of ink and wash, which makes them stand tall and independent.
Although the wind is rustling, bamboo leaves are never in a stormy state, which shows the author's spirit of "I will stand still if the wind and rain strike". References:
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5.& gt Bamboo Poetry in Middle School
(Qing) Zheng Xie
Yazhai lay listening to the novel,
Doubt is the voice of people's sufferings.
Some small officials in Caozhou County,
A branch and a leaf are always related to love.
Zheng Xie, whose real name is Kerou, was a poet and painter in Qing Dynasty and one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou". When Qianlong was a scholar, he served as a county magistrate of Qipin.
This poem is about the disaster in Shandong when he was in office, and there were countless hungry people. Zheng Banqiao ran for the victims all day, worked hard during the day, and couldn't sleep at night. Listening out of the window, the wind blows bamboo and makes a rustling sound. He immediately thought of the people's complaints about hunger and cold, so he got up and made a paper painting, made this article, sent it to his superiors, let them know the sufferings of the people, and wrote a letter asking for relief, opening an official warehouse and relieving the people. The disaster is serious and the situation is urgent. He didn't have time to wait for the approval of his superiors, so he decided to open a warehouse and release grain, and at the same time mobilized officials to cook porridge for disaster relief, so he offended his superiors and was dismissed. A friend said he was confused, and he wrote the word "rare confusion" to show his attitude.
Previous bamboo paintings were more realistic, with thick stems and small leaves. The bamboo stems in Banqiao's works are very thin, and the bamboo leaves are not many colors, but they are green and dripping, and they are all made of ink and wash, which makes them stand tall and independent. Although the wind is rustling, bamboo leaves are never in a stormy state, which shows the author's spirit of "I will stand still if the wind and rain strike".