1, Ren Xiong (1823- 1857) [Qing] word Weichang,No. Sumo, from Xiaoshan, Zhejiang. He is good at poetry, landscapes, figures, flowers, feathers, insects, fish and animals. His brushwork is strong and his smell is quiet, which won the hearts of Song people. He is especially good at figures, with mellow brushwork, fantastic and exaggerated images, and clothes pleats like silver hooks and iron paintings, which go straight into Chen Hongshou's room, with a unique style, comparable to neck and neck. In the first year of Xianfeng (185 1), I lived in Yao Xie's home in Zhenhai (Mei Bo). He wrote 120 poems of Dameishan people, which was written in February and became one of his masterpieces. The wonderful scenery and wonderful brushwork are breathtaking. Try to sell paintings from Suzhou to Shanghai. Together with Ren Xun and Ren Yi, they are called "three terms", Jia is also called "four terms", and together with Zhu Xiong and Zhang Xiong, they are called "three bears in Shanghai". There are woodcut maps such as Liexian Wine Brand, Biography of Yue Shengxian, Biography of Swordsman, Biography of Gao Shi, etc., which are known as the unique map of the Qing Dynasty. In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), I tasted the words of Lin Qiu. Works handed down from ancient times include Hundred Thousand Atlas 10 page, Yao Xie's Poetry Atlas and Self-portrait, which are now in the Palace Museum. In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), the four beautiful pictures were collected in China Art Museum. Shanghai Museum collects 20 pages of Yao Meibo's copybook, the axis of Luoshen and Fanhu Caotang. Portrait of Ding in Zhejiang Museum; The album Like Shao Kang is collected in Nanjing Museum; Yao Gongqiu Fan Map is collected in Nanjing Museum; The Four Seasons Flower Map is collected in Liaoning Provincial Museum; People's Atlas is in Guangzhou Art Museum.
My dear friend is good at painting figures, such as Biography of the Sage of Yue, Biography of the Swordsman and Liexian Wine Brand, which have been engraved in the world. The characters are so lofty, stubborn and exaggerated that they can be unique because of Chen Hongshou's charm. His self-portrait is meticulous and realistic, which is related to his early study of portrait painting from an artist. He is unconventional and loves originality. Nevertheless, he laid a good foundation.
Ren Xiong's clothing line sketch has always been wonderful and skillful. Inscriptions are also very powerful, just like paintings.
2. Yu Ren (1853— 190 1), one of the "four pillars on the sea", was a famous painter and calligrapher of Shanghai School in the late Qing Dynasty. A Yu, whose real name is Lifan, is from Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, the son of Ren Xiong. Together with Ren Xiong, Yu Ren, Ren Xun and Ren Bonian, they are called "four nautical terms". Good at painting landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, all kinds of fine. Among Ren Xiong, Yu Ren, Ren Xun and Ren Bonian, he is the youngest. Because his father Ren Xiong died when he was only four years old, he had no chance to be directly influenced by his father in painting style. I am good at figures, flowers and landscapes, especially landscapes. His painting style is close to that of literati painting, and he has made some innovations in antique painting. After studying painting with Ren Xun and Ren Yi, pen and ink began to be a teacher and turned to the Stone Man School. Showing off the sex with talent, his paintings also show off the sex with talent, just like children in Xie Wang have a sense of humor despite procrastination. Adding figures and trees and stones to the landscape, the position, clothing and appearance are ingenious, which can produce new ideas in the ancient law and have a different taste; The roots and leaves of flowers are strange and interesting; A lady with plain face and light makeup is not glamorous, beautiful and natural; The portrait is concise and lifelike. Xu Kouzhang was invited home to draw a long scroll, and the year ended. Lazy and playful, not poor. Good at seal cutting, praised by Zhao. He died at the age of 49.
The paintings handed down by Yu people are: The Portrait of Jin Mingzhai, which is now in the Palace Museum; "Wan Fan of Mountains and Rivers" and "Spring Dawn in Jiangcheng" are collected in Liaoning Provincial Museum; The picture of kingfisher and white ape is collected in Nanjing museum; In the seventeenth year of Guangxu (189 1), he made a map of people riding, which was collected in Shanghai Museum. In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), The Map of Zhong Kui was collected in Jiashan County Museum, Zhejiang Province. Over the past twenty years, he has written the volume "Tu Wanzhen's 59-year-old Portrait", which has inscriptions by yang xian, Wu Daxiao, Wu Changshuo and Fei Nianci. Now he is hiding his thoughts without pollution.
3. Ren Xun (1835 ~ 1893) was a painter of the Qing Dynasty in China. Shunqin, also known as Fuchang, 1835, is a native of Xiaoshan County, Zhejiang Province. His father Ren Chun and his brother Ren Xiong are both painters. Ren Xun was influenced by his father and brother since childhood and loved painting. When he was young, he sold paintings in Ningbo for a living. /kloc-in the late spring of 0/868, I went to Suzhou with Ren Yi, rolled around between Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and then stayed in Suzhou and Shanghai. Ren Yi and others studied painting with him. He was also very friendly with Gu Cheng, the son of Suzhou collector Gu Wenbin at that time. At that time, Suzhou painters and painters often met in Xiyuan, and Ren Xun and his friends often went to banquets. During this period, they met many famous collectors and created many excellent works. According to the official travel notes, before the initial construction of Suzhou Yiyuan Garden, Gu once recommended Ren Xun as the designer of the garden. The existing landscape layout of Yiyuan Garden is divided into two parts, east and west, which are separated by winding corridors and connected by leaky windows, making the landscape look profound and exquisite, which is the result of Ren Xun's composition. This shows that Ren Xun is also good at landscape design. In painting, Ren Xun has high attainments in figures, flowers and birds, and landscapes. Chen Hongshou and his brother Ren Xiong used figure paintings, which were wonderful and ingenious, especially some big vertical axes in their later years, such as Zhang Xu cursive script, Zanhua drinking pictures, going out to meet immortals, Su Wu herding sheep, and heavenly daughters scattering flowers. , like cursive strokes, magnificent; Flower-and-bird paintings, such as Song He Tu and Lotus Bird, are good at both writing and writing, and the scene layout can break through the previous norms and be full of curiosity. His painting style directly influenced the painting creation of Ren Yi and Yu Ren, and he was one of the important Shanghai painters in the late Qing Dynasty.
Ren Xun's paintings have a wide range of subjects, including figures, landscapes, flowers, feathers, animals (horses, sheep, etc. ), and he is better at flower and bird figures. Rough freehand brushwork and thin double hook. The technique was first learned by his brother, and later he learned Chen Laolian's traditional technique. Calm down with a pen.
He has his specialty in composition, creating many novel, broad and far-reaching works on different sizes of pictures, especially adapting to the expression technique on the fan, being able to rotate the pen at will, and opening up a broad and interesting artistic conception on the small round fan and folding fan pictures.
Ren Xun's works are well-structured and attach great importance to the master-slave relationship between density and reality. The master-slave relationship of one person, one flower and one bird can be arranged skillfully. Plain can be amazing, quiet can be vivid. The picture gives a feeling of ethereal lightness.
Another feature of him is that he is skilled in coloring, suitable for shades, fresh and lovely, and has no gentle and charming habits. He is especially good at using heavy color coloring, which can reconcile the contrast colors, make the scenery on the screen more magnificent, and reveal the quaint taste from the bright colors.
Ren Xun's figure painting lines are thick and round. Judging from the clothes folds of the characters in his later years, his brushwork is like cursive script in calligraphy, which seems to have a sense of flowing water, with a strange body shape, extraordinary appearance and full personality.
There are many auctions of Ren Xun's works in Hong Kong, and the works are auctioned at 1986. 1May, 986, a "Double Hook Flower and Bird Atlas" (12 pieces * * *) sold for 45,000 Hong Kong dollars. In May 1989, two more works were auctioned. A fan-shaped Zhong Kui was sold for HK$ 24,200, and another autumn scenery landscape was also sold for HK$ 24,000. 1990 The price of an album "Flowers and Insects" auctioned in October is low, only 17600 Hong Kong dollars. In September of the following year, an album reached120,000 Hong Kong dollars. This is an album of eight landscape figures, who are much more precious than his flowers, plants and insects.
Ren Xun's works were also auctioned in new york. 1989 The auctioneer's four-screen vertical shaft sold 18700 USD, 1990 auctioned a lady's fan 1540 USD. 1June, 992, Sotheby's in new york released two more works by Ren Xun. One is the landscape axis (128.6*60.3), which was made in 1876. The valuation is not high, ranging from 1200- 1500 USD and 170 USD. Another portrait axis (92.7 * 4 1.3cm) was not shot because the starting price was too high. ?
4. Anyi (1839- 1896), with the word Bo Nian, was born in Xiaoshan Town. Father is good at drawing portraits, and Ren Yi has been drawing since childhood. People, landscapes, flowers, feathers, etc. Have a solid foundation, especially figure painting. When he was a teenager, he could draw a picture of a visitor and make people see his portrait like a man.
In the eleventh year of Xianfeng (186 1), the Taiping Army occupied Hangzhou and Shaoxing, and any one immediately joined the Taiping Army, with the flag as the forerunner. In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Taiping Army left Zhejiang and stayed in his hometown. The following year, he moved to Ningbo and was carefully guided by Ren Xiong and Ren Xun. In the spring of the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868), he went to Suzhou with Ren Xun and moved to Shanghai in the winter of the same year. Since then, Ren Yi has stepped into the emerging Shanghai School of Painting.
Ren Yi's paintings cover a wide range, and his characters are unique in charm. He is especially good at describing folk customs, folklore and fairy tales, such as Nu Wa, Zhong Kui, Eight Immortals and Birthday Immortals, and skillfully blends art and reality into the picture. His portraits have a deep traditional foundation and pay attention to sketching. Every time he goes out, he takes a sketch book and records it at any time. After living in Shanghai, he made a living by selling paintings and created very rich works. Zhong Kui, Looking at Xiao Suo by the River, Su Wu Shepherd, Wild Pond after Rain and Three Friends are his representative works. Moreover, his words are picturesque, and the implication is amazing. He died in the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896).
Ren Bonian is a native of Yinshan, Zhejiang Province, so the painting department often writes "Any Yinshan". When I was a child, I learned to draw with my father. At the age of fourteen, I went to Fan Zhuang as an apprentice, and then I made a living by selling paintings. The subject matter of the painting is extremely extensive, and the figures, flowers and birds, landscapes and animals are all exquisite. His paintings are rich and varied, and his composition is ingenious, creating a fresh and smooth unique style, which is unique outside the "orthodox school".
Ren Yi is an outstanding modern painter. The word Bonian, No.1 Xiao Lou, was born in Yinshan, Zhejiang, so his painting department often wrote "Yinshan Renyi". Ren Bonian has a wide range of painting subjects, and is good at figures, portraits, landscapes, flowers and birds. Using pen and ink, rich and varied, novel and ingenious composition, prominent theme, dense and well-organized, alternating between reality and reality, poetic, fresh and smooth is his unique style. Ren Bonian's main achievements are figure painting and flower-and-bird painting. Often with only a few strokes, he can express the whole expression of the characters, with little pen and ink and far-reaching artistic conception. Its lines are simple and steady, powerful and unique. He often painted Zhong Kui, and Zhong Kui he painted was open-minded, not afraid of ghosts and not believing in evil. In his flower-and-bird paintings, flowers are always associated with birds, which stand out, and flowers are sometimes only used as the background, so the whole picture is full of poetic artistic conception.
The leader of Shanghai School, whose paintings come from the people, attaches importance to inheriting tradition and absorbing western painting techniques, has formed a unique painting style, and achieved the most outstanding achievements in the "four items".
Good at figures, flowers and birds, landscapes, and extensive figure painting. His works can reflect real life, criticize society and give personal feelings certain ideological content. The modeling is concise and accurate, vivid and vivid, and the technique is changeable. His flower and bird painters include Fa, Xu Wei, Shi Tao, Yun and the Northern Song Dynasty. Learn from others, ask for help from many teachers, and become a painter with meticulous brushwork and freehand brushwork. He combines watercolor painting with traditional pen and ink, and his style is bright, warm, fresh, lively and creative. Although there are not many landscape paintings, the composition and layout are also varied, and the pen and ink skills can jump out of the traditional pattern and have a unique style. Ren Yi's paintings had great influence at that time and now, and he was known as "the first painter in China after Chou Shizhou (Chou Ying)". There are many works handed down from generation to generation, such as Su Wu herding sheep, Nu Wa making stones, watching Xiao Suo in the river, watching knives in the shade, visiting immortals to celebrate their birthdays, flowers and birds, landscapes and so on. Later generations published various picture books and collections.
Ren Yi is an outstanding painter in modern China, with the most outstanding achievements in "Four Words", and he is the leader of the maritime painting school. His outstanding artistic achievements have attracted worldwide attention. (The picture shows Ren Bonian's works)
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