The timing of Mongolia's rise should be said to be very good. The neighboring regimes are basically declining: Xixia, Southern Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and even Western Liao Dynasty. Therefore, when Temujin called Genghis Khan in the south of Anhui, Mongolia was able to speak with a unified voice, and the rise of Mongolia was unstoppable. Here, we describe in detail the reasons why Mongolian soldiers are strong from several levels.
Full of unstoppable ambition:
Temujin's ambition can be seen from the title of Genghis Khan. Among them, "Genghis Khan" means "the sea" or "powerful", while "Khan" is the honorific title of the Mongolian ruler, like the emperor of China, so together it is to praise his emperor who is as great and powerful as the sea. With such a leader with lofty strategic vision, will Mongolia be confined to a small desert? Mongolia will not be satisfied with the Mobei grassland like the former Turkic or Xiongnu khanate, and sit idly by and watch the Central Plains dynasty calmly replace and integrate resources. Meet the immediate interests of tribute, and then give yourself a fatal blow when the Central Plains Dynasty was strong.
Numerous powerful nomadic regimes were born on the vast grassland. In order to eliminate the threat of potential rise, it is necessary to sweep the Qincha grassland from Mongolia to the Volga River. Nip the threat in the bud. Mongolia's westward expedition to Huazipu established the major policy of Mongolia's resolute expansion. In order to destroy Emperor Hua Lamo and his heirs, Mongolia successively competed for Gaojiasuo Mountain. South into India. Perhaps, before the Western Expedition, Mongolia had no ambition to cross Europe and Asia, but after the Western Expedition, they turned their ideals into reality.
So Genghis Khan's ambition first supported the expansion of Mongolian fighters.
Tactics and the excellent hard power of the army
Military quality starts with dolls: Mongolian troops have strong fighting capacity, and they cultivate children's hunting skills from an early age, and cultivate their teamwork ability in the process.
Horses and supplies:
Although the Mongolian war horse is not tall, it has a strong tolerance for thick skin and thick hair, and can tolerate tens of degrees below zero, which is suitable for long-distance combat. Mongolian horses can forage in the snow, and soldiers can feed on horse milk to reduce the burden of grain and grass supply. The Mongolian army will have fewer soldiers, and the cavalry will not rest to change horses, so the mobility of the Mongolian cavalry travels westward and marches to fight.
The opponent is basically in a weak stage:
From Central Asia to West Asia, from the Mongolian Plateau to the Yangtze River, no powerful military force has caused great trauma to the Mongolian army. Xixia, Jin and other regimes are in the stage of political corruption, even if they are not overthrown, they will naturally die out and will not last long. From Central Asia to West Asia, there is only one opponent, Walamoz. The first western expedition was mainly revenge, so the pursuit was firm.
Institutional needs to support expansion
Mongolia's traditional enfeoffment system and the young son's kitchen keeping system are also one of the factors that caused Mongolia's expansion. With the expansion of the territory, people have made more and more contributions and need more land and population wealth to enfeoffment. After Genghis Khan's Western Expedition, he divided the enfeoffment scope of his four sons. It is also stipulated that on this basis, the land designated by various departments is their own. Isn't this equivalent to the contract system? You said these sons didn't want to expand outward. Because even the enfeoffed khanate needs to be enfeoffed again. Otherwise, what about meritorious ministers or children?