"Wen" refers to the knowledge in books, while "behavior", "loyalty" and "faith" are the cultivation of behavior and character.
The essence of Confucius education, of course, is not to ignore the imparting of knowledge, but more importantly, to pay attention to students' moral cultivation and behavior.
Among the four major religions, literature is the knowledge of cultural and historical knowledge, while action and faithfulness are ideological and moral cultivation. Confucius believes that it is useful to educate ideological and moral character first and then learn cultural knowledge. Therefore, he said: "Disciples are filial when they enter, and they are younger when they leave. They are sincere and trustworthy, love the masses and are kind. If they have spare capacity, they will study literature. " He asked his disciples to cultivate their own ideology and morality before learning cultural knowledge. Confucius also said: "A gentleman is knowledgeable in literature and meets with courtesy." It can also be seen that Confucius put ideological and moral education in the first place when educating students.
The ultimate goal of education is nothing more than to cultivate a correct attitude, values and outlook on life. In terms of knowledge, it is mainly to exercise the means of making a living and working.
The<> teach four things: literature, conduct, loyalty and faith. Mr. Nan Huai Jin is here. Explain Confucius' educational goal 3:
The text includes literature to complete all the knowledge.
The narrow sense of conduct is behavior and morality, and the broad sense is the result of career.
Loyalty is doing your duty to everything. ?
Faith is trustworthiness, inner cultivation and personality cultivation. ?
Only by cultivating character can a scholar be considered educated and achieve the real and complete purpose of education. ?
In The Analects of Confucius, Confucius took these four things as the first things commonly used in teaching. So the cloud. Zi teaches four things. Li Chong said. That's what he meant in his ancient books. Filial piety, courtesy and kindness. Being a minister is loyal. Make friends and you will believe. These four were the first to be taught. So I turn a blind eye to the words. Line to accumulate its virtue. Loyalty is the foundation of its festivals. Believe in all this.
[The Analects of Confucius] Huang Shu: "Yue: The words of its ancient books are called the text. Filial piety, courtesy and kindness. Being a minister is loyal. Make friends and you will believe. These four were the first to be taught. Therefore, we should make a fool of ourselves by writing, accumulate virtue by things, establish a festival by loyalty, and believe in it all. 」
Wang is trapped in study and study. The four religions take the text as the first, about from blogs. The four subjects end with the text, from beginning to end.
The doubt in Chen Tianxiang's Four Books: "There are all kinds of goodness in behavior, and faithfulness is two things in special behavior. Keeping loyalty is practice, and practice is keeping loyalty in it. Wang Yinan said: Wen Fu and his deeds are two different things, but as for faithfulness and faithfulness, why are they not two religions? 」
There may be some mistakes and doubts in this chapter. Advanced articles and four subjects of Confucianism or Four Religions. Writing refers to writing, action refers to virtue, loyalty refers to politics, and faith means words. It is also possible to solve it from now on.
Zi teaches four things: literature, conduct, loyalty and faith. Explanation: First, it makes sense to teach people to learn ancient books. Second, cultivate morality. Third, be honest, be loyal to others and be loyal to yourself. Fourth, the heart is as one, and it is not fraudulent or false. Chapter purport: This chapter book is the four programs for Confucius disciples to remember and teach Confucius. The educational purpose of Confucius in The Analects of Confucius is to teach four things: writing, action, loyalty and faith. Now, some people who study Confucius and Mencius are following the new era. They say Confucius is very scientific. At that time, Confucius had a branch education. He divided his students into four categories: literature, practice, loyalty and faith, just like the education laws of different disciplines and departments now. This is a joke. The purpose of Confucius education is these four items. The first "text" includes knowledge and articles-articles in a broad sense. The literary grace, diction, organization and chapter of an article are a large part of literature and art. In a narrow sense, the written work is called an article, which is the concept of later generations. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, literature should be an article in a broad sense, including all knowledge and literature. The second "line": good writing, good knowledge, at most become a scholar. Scholars should pay attention to it. The ancients have long said that "many scholars don't do business." The so-called literati are mostly incompetent, that is to say, with more knowledge, they are rational, absurd and orderly, so they ignore everything and become "celebrities are romantic and informal." Also, people who write well often have no actual achievements. Throughout China's 3,000-year history of literature, literary attainments are very high, and people who can write poems and songs are not great in their careers. As far as poets are concerned, she fu and Li Bai have not achieved much in other aspects. People who have made achievements in their careers are not necessarily good at literature. But like several emperors in the Tang Dynasty, the articles and poems were very good, especially the poems of Emperor Taizong, but he refused to write and his calligraphy was good. Therefore, emperors in the Tang Dynasty advocated studying hard. The popularity of Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty was also influenced by Song Taizu. Zhao Kuangyin himself is an expert, so one or two people will change the social atmosphere, but not you and me. This can be proved by a lot of history. But those who have made great achievements often hide their literary talent. Therefore, the "behavior" in the four teachings of Confucius not only refers to ordinary conduct, but also refers to the achievements of a lifetime career. Then say the third "loyalty": it doesn't mean loyalty to a certain person after the Tang and Song Dynasties. Confucius' "loyalty" means unswerving sincerity to the country, society, parents, friends, anyone and anything. People who give their lives for everything are called "loyalty". The fourth "faith": having faith. These are the four key points of Confucius education, which are inseparable. It would be a joke to say that he is a subject. Today's education is really a serious problem, especially for the future of our national culture. I often feel that the problems in China over the past few decades have fundamentally occurred in education, and they are very serious. Even the ups and downs of the past three thousand years are related to education. In ancient times, the goal of education was not clearly defined, but now the education of the Three People's Principles is stipulated. But when we look back behind closed doors, the education of the Three People's Principles is unsuccessful in schools. What makes sense? Silver is worth studying. In the past, although we didn't have a clear educational purpose, it was recognized by scholars to fundamentally improve moral quality. However, in recent years, with the turn of western culture, especially the educational policy of "education is life" advertised by the United States, everyone realizes that life is reality and nothing more than material things. In this way, the goal of education has shifted and the cultivation of mind has been completely ignored. How's it going now? There is a student who graduated from normal university a few years ago and has obtained a master's degree. One day he came to me and I asked him what he thought our educational purpose was. He said, "Teacher! The purpose of our education is to test! " This sentence is so painful that we have to smile bitterly. Really! After graduating from primary school, I was admitted to middle school. What I learned in primary school was useless and lost. After graduating from high school, I entered high school, and junior high school was useless and lost. Graduated from high school and admitted to the university; The things in high school are useless again, of course they are lost; Waiting for the entrance to study abroad, losing the university; Come back from studying abroad and take an examination of civil servants; When I became a civil servant, I also had a promotion exam. There is a big exam every three years and a quiz every two years. Really! Our education has become an exam. Actually, passing the exam doesn't count. Some people in the Qing Dynasty commented on the examination: "Waste a generation of heroism and make bureaucratic articles." The stereotyped examination method of modern science is even more terrible, and it is likely to become a "mechanical book of computer rules" in the future. We shook our heads and sighed while listening. The day before yesterday, a well-known senior three Chinese teacher in Jianzhong came to see me, lamenting that computer education and computer exams have changed this year, becoming more and more wrong. At present, the education of senior three is far from teaching. Just tell the students how to cope with the computer exam. For example, in Chinese, a noun should not only teach them a correct explanation, but also tell them four or five incorrect answers. In addition, some textbooks have their own problems when they are compiled. Middle school teachers received such textbooks, found problems, and raised them with the Ministry of Education, but nobody took care of them. Now I'm getting cold feet, but the newspaper says there's something wrong. In these places, when you are in class, you can only tell students that this is problematic, as long as you pay attention to how to cope with the exam in the future. This is education! What shall we do now? The purpose of Confucius education is to be literate, honest, faithful and trustworthy. Taking the road of virtue in the past is still the second step for students to realize knowledge and insight. Since you are educated, at least the first step is to lay a solid foundation of character. Why have we China people been so moral for thousands of years? It is the result of virtue education. Therefore, literature, conduct, loyalty and faith are not four subjects, which should be explained by modern concepts and should be his education center. Literature includes literature, even the completion of all knowledge. Line, in a narrow sense, is behavior and morality; Broadly speaking, it is the result of career. Loyalty is the inner cultivation, and it is the cultivation of personality. ?