An American traveled across the ocean to China and made a pilgrimage to ancient poets alone, some of whom have long been forgotten by the world.
This ancient and rare old man, with love, admiration and gratitude, searched for the poet's footprints all the way from north to south. He meditated in his memories and wandered in the poetic realm, recording his gratitude.
As some critics have said, Missing Someone reproduces the noble poetic soul of ancient China.
Those poets and poems touched the author, and I believe they will also touch you.
Brief introduction of the author
Bill Porter [America]
Born in 1943, he is a famous contemporary American writer, translator and sinologist. His works mainly study traditional cultures such as Taoism, Buddhism and poetry in China. At the same time, he also wrote a large number of books and travel notes introducing China's local cultural relics, including The Empty Valley and the Orchid, The Bags of Zen, A Journey to the Yellow River, etc.
Jinghua Du Jie
The following content is the essence of the book "The Missing Man" for the reference of book lovers. Welcome to share, and it may not be used for commercial purposes without permission.
catalogue
Introduction: The pilgrimage of ancient China poets.
I. Shandong
Confucius in Qufu deleted the Book of Songs.
Ji' nan xinqiji memorial hall
Second, Xi 'an
Dumu tomb in Sima village
Wei former residence
Third, Sichuan.
Jiangyou Li Bai's birthplace
Chengdu Dufu Caotang
Fourth, Hubei.
Xiangyang Meng Haoran Tomb
Huanggang Sudongpo Memorial Hall
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Jiangxi
Lushan Baijuyi Caotang
Lushan taoyuanming former residence
Upper guide bearing
Introduction: The pilgrimage of ancient China poets.
Bill said that he envied China people because we have so many great poets. As a "foreigner", he is also grateful to read these great poems. So, he embarked on the journey of pursuing poets.
In the author's narrative, every sentence expresses to the dead poets: It's a pity that I didn't arrive late until thousands of years later. Even so, I still want to meet you in another way, and pursue the road you have traveled and the scenery you have seen.
As a China person who is attached to the poet, perhaps through this book, we are closest to the poet.
The author's travel and the charm of this poem cannot be described in detail. Here, the excerpts supplement the video interpretation and share with you.
I. Shandong
Confucius in Qufu deleted the Book of Songs.
Qufu is the first stop of the author's pilgrimage and the hometown of Confucius. The Zhusi Academy here is said to be the place where Confucius deleted and selected The Book of Songs.
The Book of Songs is the source of China's poems. For more than 2,000 years, The Three Hundred Poems deleted by Confucius have been repeatedly recited and quoted. He made poetry a basic element of China culture and enjoyed an important position in China. In the long years of ancient China, a person who can't write poetry can't stand in the court.
The poetry style in The Book of Songs is simple and natural, but some poems contain simple and profound truth. For example, Hengmen reminds people of self-sufficiency:
Under the cross gate, you can stay up late. ?
Secretion of the ocean, you can enjoy hunger. ?
Does it eat fish? Is it a river?
Is it ginger to marry a wife? ?
Does it eat fish? Could it be carp in the river?
Is marrying a wife the son of Song?
There are also love poems in The Book of Songs, such as Weeds:
There are creeping weeds in the wild, but there is no dew (tuán).
A beautiful woman is walking on the road, very beautiful.
It's perfect for me to meet a real coincidence.
There are creeping weeds in the wild, and there is no dew (ráng).
A beautiful woman is walking on the road, with clear facial features and beautiful and moving.
I didn't expect to meet the real Joe, and she was both happy.
This poem describes a scene where a young man and a young woman meet and fall in love in the field. It is pure and simple. Bill thinks these poems are simple, but they come from the heart.
Ji' nan xinqiji memorial hall
Xin Qiji is a native of Licheng, Jinan, born in 1 140. Xin Qiji Memorial Hall is located in Zhacun, four winds, northeast of Licheng District. When Bill came to the front of the hospital, he saw the old walls and doors.
There are few tourists here. Bill is the second one to come today. The depressing atmosphere makes people feel lonely, but it also helps the author to express his respect quietly.
In an exhibition hall, the life of Xin Qiji was systematically introduced. At the age of 22, Xin Qiji did something that caused a sensation throughout the country.
At that time, he joined the anti-gold organization and called on relatives and friends to participate. A monk he introduced stole the official seal after mutiny. Facing the leader's accountability, Xin Qiji said that he would be beheaded if he could not find Yin Da for three days.
Two days later, Xin Qiji went straight to the herdsmen's camp and brought back the heads of Yin Da and monks. According to this, people carved a patriotic chivalrous figure for him. This stone statue is located in front of the hall of the memorial hall.
After the invasion of Song Dynasty, the capital of Bianliang moved to Hangzhou. As an officer, Xin Qiji also came here. Later, he became a poet Bill believes that it is because of Xin Qiji's ill-fated and political setbacks that he has written so many masterpieces handed down from generation to generation.
When he was old, seeing that the mountains and rivers were broken and there was no hope of recovery, Xin Qiji wrote hundreds of works to express his anger. Among them, the ugly slave we are very familiar with is the middle wall of Shuboshan Road:
Teenagers don't know the taste of sorrow and fall in love with the floor. Fall in love with the floor and worry about adding new words.
Now that I know what it's like to worry, I want to talk about it. I want to say I'd better have a rest, but I said it's cold and autumn.
Under the background that there is no way to serve the country, this word profoundly expresses Xin Qiji's inner pain and depression through the comparison between youth and today.
Second, Xi 'an
Dumu tomb in Sima village
In Sima Village of Chang 'an, Bill met an old man who was bending his head to repair a hoe. He asked the old man if he knew where Du Mu's tomb was. The old man nodded, got up and led him through a row of brick-concrete houses, then through vegetable fields such as beans, eggplant and corn, and stopped in front of a big pit. The old man said that this is the original site of Du Mu's tomb. In the 1970s, some officials came, and they took everything they dug, leaving only this pit full of rubbish.
Du Mu is from Chang 'an, but after he got an official position through the imperial examination, he began to wander in a foreign land. In the meantime, he often comes back. Before leaving home for the last time, he wrote that I climbed the Leyou tomb before leaving for Xing Wu:
In the Qing dynasty, the taste was incompetent, and he loved lonely clouds in leisure and monks in peace.
I want to send the crowd to the rivers and seas, and I want to look up at Zhaoling in Leyuan Scenic Area.
This poem reflects the poet's disappointment and regret that he failed to meet the wise master. Later, he returned to Chang 'an from Xing Wu and died three years later.
Although the grave was gone, Bill poured wine and spilled it in the pit. Then he read aloud Du Mu's Qingming Festival:
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village.
Farmers standing by, some of whom knew this poem, also recited it with Bill.
Wei former residence
Wei's hometown is in. Bill couldn't find his home or cemetery here, so he decided to visit two places where he lived. One is Huxian County, and the other is the east bank of Fenghe River. It is said that these two places are places where Wei experienced great joys and sorrows in life.
After 20 years of marriage, Wei Wuying was deeply saddened by the death of his wife. An official friend wanted him to leave Chang 'an, a sad place, and arranged for him to be a county magistrate in Huxian County. Shortly after arriving in Huxian County, Wei wrote a plaintive and mournful Zigui Article:
In the clear summer night, the high forest drips dew, and the Nanshan Zigui cries.
The neighbor's widow is crying, and I don't know when to turn around.
After Hu Xian's term ended, Wei Wuying refused other appointments and stayed on the east bank of Fenghe River. Since his wife died, life here is like a peach blossom garden, which is the happiest time for Wei. When answering Chang's school book, he expressed his satisfaction with his life at that time:
Accidentally abandoned the official, leaving traces in the field.
Showy cottages and gardens encourage ignorance.
Although there is no money in the cloud, the cup will not be empty.
And Xin became a success, sighing and sighing.
Going in and out with the people is different from doing things.
Nanxi cuts bamboo and returns to the east at night.
If you are poor, you deserve it; if you are poor, you deserve it.
Read your golden jade article and give me color.
The sun and the moon want to return, and Fang Chun is already in winter.
Third, Sichuan.
Jiangyou Li Bai's birthplace
Jiangyou is where Li Bai grew up. He lived here from the age of 5 to 25.
He spent his childhood in Jiangyou qinglian town. /kloc-After 0/5 years old, I went to Kuangshan, northwest of jiangyou city, and now I have a reading desk for Li Bai. After studying, practicing sword and practicing monasticism in Kuangshan for about ten years, my artistic skills have further matured. Mountain, he wrote a song "Don't Kuangshan":
Small maple is picturesque, and rattan shadows shake the wind and blow the sill.
There will be many dogs with you in the wild and firewood with you at night.
Seeing a cloud guest leaning against an ape tree, a monk who washes dishes will lose the crane pool.
No wonder I don't love Qing. I have given my sword to the Ming Dynasty.
Bill said that this poem shows that Li Bai was a purposeful person when he was young. So what kind of person is Li Bai? At the age of 30, I answered related questions in Who is Sima Bai in Ye Jia, Huzhou:
Violet lay down as an immortal, and the wine shop escaped its reputation for thirty years.
Huzhou Sima why ask, Jin Su Tathagata is the return.
When people comment on the answers in the poems, they blurt them out. In a rage, they are lofty, conceited, cheerful and generous, and read like a person.
In Bill's view, Li Bai is an undisguised person. More importantly, he still has a pure initial heart. This initial intention made his works poetic and publicized, and because of this initial intention, he could not reach a settlement with this materialistic world.
Chengdu Dufu Caotang
Two hours after leaving the mine, Bill arrived in Chengdu. The destination this time is Du Fu Caotang.
In 759, after the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu left Chang 'an for Chengdu. When he first came, Du Fu had no money, no job and an uncertain future. His old friend Pei Di helped him build this little thatched cottage.
After centuries of continuous restoration, the thatched cottage still retains its simple style, such as a thatched roof. Bill thinks that if Du Fu has pastoral time in his life, it is his time in Chengdu.
After Du Fu moved into his new house, he wrote a poem "Buju":
Huanhua Flowing Water Flows West, and the owner is Lin Bu Tangyou.
Guo is known to be involved, and selling customers in Chengjiang is even more worrying.
Countless dragonflies up and down, a pair? I have ups and downs.
To go east to Wan Li, you must go to Yin Shan by boat.
Chengdu is a relatively productive period of Du Fu's poems. Of the more than 500 existing poems of/kloc-0, 240 were written here. Among them are "Jiangcun":
The clear river winds around the village, and everything in the village looks elegant in the long summer.
Swallows on the beam fly freely, and blind dates in the water are similar and accompanied.
The old lady is using a chessboard, and the younger son is making a hook with an injection.
What you need for many diseases is medicine. What else can you ask for?
In the early days of Chengdu, Du Fu had a place to live, but he had no income, and his basic life was supported by Pei Di. Later, another friend of his served as Chengdu Yin and Jian Nan. He helped Du Fu to hang a leisure post there, and the poet's life improved. Only two years later, Yanwu died, and his successor treated Du Fu badly. So Du Fu decided to leave Chengdu and start another life journey. On the trip, he wrote a foreign night, sentimental, old, sick and wandering:
The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast.
The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river.
I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! .
Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! .
Fourth, Hubei.
Xiangyang Meng Haoran Tomb
Bill was very excited when he came to Xiangyang. He said Xiangyang was the place where Meng Haoran slept in spring, and now he wakes up here. The rain stopped last night and the sun shone into the room through the window. Bill remembered Meng Haoran's "Spring Dawn":
Sleeping sickness in spring unconsciously broke the morning, and the chirping of birds disturbed my sleep.
How many flowers fall after a stormy night.
This is a well-known poem and Bill's favorite poem. He said that people who study China's poems will be surprised by the sheer beauty and happiness this poem shows.
On this trip, Bill visited Meng Haoran's tomb. After many twists and turns, he couldn't find the real cemetery. Later, near Lumeng Temple, Bill saw the monument of Meng Haoran.
This tomb is just a small mound, a simple tombstone. On the stone tablets on both sides of the tombstone, there is a poem engraved on each side. One of them is "Crying Meng Haoran" written by Wang Wei:
When an old friend disappears, the Hanshui River flows eastward.
Excuse me, Xiangyang is old and Cai Zhou is empty.
Meng Haoran made friends with Wang Wei when he took the imperial examination in Chang 'an for the last time. After failing the list, Meng Haoran returned to his hometown and never went to Chang 'an again. But the two have established a lifelong friendship.
The poem on the other side of the slate is a message from Li Bai to Meng Haoran:
Master, I cheer you from the bottom of my heart. Your fame has risen to the sky.
In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now whitehead.
Drunk moon, sage of dreams, bewitched by flowers, you turned a deaf ear to the emperor.
Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, that's all.
It is said that Li Bai went to Xiangyang to see Meng Haoran. It happened that he was not at home, so they missed it and became a farewell. In the end, Li Bai could only come to this tomb and take an empty bow. And 1300 years later, Bill came, but Master Meng was still not there, so he had to take a bow and leave alone.
Huanggang Sudongpo Memorial Hall
Su Dongpo, formerly known as Su Shi, was demoted to Huangzhou in A.D. 1080 and was built in Dongpo, hence the name Dongpo. Huangzhou is now Huanggang.
When he came to Huanggang, Bill went straight to Su Dongpo Memorial Hall. The memorial hall is dominated by black and white, which shows the elegance of architecture in Song Dynasty. The layout of the furnishings inside is very novel and eye-catching. In the hall, Teresa Teng's "I wish people a long time" is playing in a loop. The lyrics of this song come from Song of Fraxinus mandshurica written by Su Dongpo to his brother:
When did the moon begin to appear? Ask heaven for wine. I don't know the palace in the sky, and I don't know the month and time. I'm willing to ride the wind to the sky, I'm afraid I can't stand the cold for nine days in a pavilion of fine jade. Dance to find out what shadows look like on the earth.
The moon turned into a scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self. The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone? People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon will darken or shine, and it will become round or round. Nothing is perfect, even in the past. I hope people will live for a long time and have a good scenery thousands of miles away.
There are galleries with different themes and styles in the museum. The first exhibition hall shows photos of Su Dongpo's former residence and the cemetery of him and his brother. The second gallery is a real-life model of Su Dongpo during his exile. Here, he and his wife break their fingers and figure out how to live on a meager salary; There are scenes where he learns to cook, such as Dongpo pork, Dongpo tofu, Dongpo soup and so on. And the statue of him playing the piano. On the wall behind the statue, his "Qin Poetry" reads:
If the piano is hair, why don't you put it in the box?
If the piano sounds from your hands, why can't you hear the sound?
In addition, on the other wall here, there is a work by Xian Yushu, a calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty. The poem in the above book is Su Dongpo's Haitang:
The east wind is full of worship, and the fragrant fog turns to the corridor.
I was afraid that the flowers would fall asleep in the middle of the night, so I lit candles and put on red makeup.
Described in the poem, it is said that the begonia in front of Su Dongpo's Huangzhou House looks like spring.
After leaving the memorial hall, Bill went to Chibi. Chibi is located in the west of Huanggang. 1082, Su Dongpo and several friends swam here in the dark. More than 900 years later, Bill also came here. He put a glass on the rock, filled it with wine, and drank with the poet in the distance.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Jiangxi
Lushan Baijuyi Caotang
Bill came all the way to Jiujiang, Jiangxi. Bai Juyi was once demoted here, from 8 15 to 8 18, and served as Sima in Jiangzhou. So he built a thatched cottage at the foot of Lushan incense burner peak.
Bai Juyi thinks his thatched cottage is the most beautiful place. In a letter to Yuan Zhen, he said this.
Times have changed, and now the thatched cottage has been rebuilt several times. On the way to the thatched cottage, camellias are planted everywhere. As soon as the flowers bloom, they fall all over the floor, just like a white carpet, which is very beautiful. Near the thatched cottage, there is a pavilion and a pool of spring water, surrounded by tea trees. ?
On the wall next to the pavilion is Bai Juyi's mountain residence:
There are five new thatched cottages and three new thatched cottages with stone steps, columns and bamboo walls.
The south eaves are warm in winter, while the north eaves are cool in summer.
Sprinkle a little bit of spring, but brush the window and tilt the bamboo.
Next spring, the East Wing will be renovated, and Meng Guang will be covered with paper pavilions and reeds.
Bill came to the pool and poured wine for the poet. Then turn to a clearing and overlook the incense burner peak as far as possible. The incense burner peak is hidden in the distance, as if shy. He thought, this is probably the same as what the poet saw in the past.
At this moment, Bill read Bai Juyi's Lonely Songs in the Mountains:
Everyone has hobbies, and I am addicted to chapters.
All karma has disappeared, and the disease has not left alone.
Every beautiful scenery or good relatives and friends.
Recite a poem loudly, as if meeting God.
Guests on the river live in the mountains.
Sometimes new poetry succeeds in learning and goes east alone. ?
Leaning against the white cliff, I climbed the green osmanthus tree with my hands.
Crazy songs shock the forest valley, and apes and birds can see it. ?
Fear of being despised by the world, so there is no place to stand.
Lushan taoyuanming former residence
Lushan Mountain is not only Bai Juyi's footprint, but also the former residence of Tao Yuanming, a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Tao Yuanming made a drink offering in Jiangzhou at first, but soon resigned and went home to buy a field at the southern foot of Lushan Mountain. Many of his excellent works were written here. For example, there are three poems in Reading Shan Hai Jing. The first one is:
Xia Meng is lush in this season, and my home is surrounded by green trees.
Birds seem to be satisfied with their food. I love my thatched cottage.
After farm work, I often come back to read my favorite books.
Live in a secluded village lane, away from the noise, even if old friends drive back.
Busy spring wine, picking vegetables in the garden.
Light rain comes from the east, and the wind is afraid of it.
Pan-browse "Biography of Zhou Wang", flowing all over the mountains and seas.
Pitching to the end of the universe, what if you are unhappy?
This poem describes Tao Yuanming's distant view of the universe in the thatched cottage and conveys a detached and optimistic attitude towards life.
Bill found the residence of the last descendant of Tao Yuanming all the way. Unfortunately, the descendant had just died a week before Bill came. Bill said that you can still see Nanshan from the courtyard of this former residence, which aroused the poet's endless poetry. This mountain made the fifth song in "Twenty Drinking Songs":
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
This makes sense. I forgot to say it if I wanted to defend myself.
At the end of the day's trip, Bill wants to visit Tao Yuanming's tomb. But the cemetery is located in a military base, and the author can't get in. He poured a glass of wine and let the officer sprinkle it on Tao Yuanming's grave to show his respect for the poet.
The next day, Bill got on the train to Nanchang and continued his next journey.
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On the journey of pursuing the poet, someone asked Bill, what's the use? They are all dead.
He said, "But I don't think so."
Yes, so what?
With the passage of time, the names of poets may fade away in our memory, but their poems will continue to nourish generations of future generations.
Poetry makes them immortal.