First, the question was raised.
There was a research report on Li's surname in the book, which made me understand that surname is also a kind of culture. When I remembered my surname-Wang, I came up with the topic of investigating the history of wang xing.
second, survey methods
consult relevant books, newspapers, browse the internet, ask parents, and get to know the celebrities in wang xing and the population of wang xing in ancient and modern times.
III. Investigation and data collation
Information channels
Aspects involved
Specific contents
Books, newspapers, Internet access
Historical and modern celebrities
During the Warring States Period, "Mr. Gui Gu" Wang Xu, calligrapher Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, writers Wang Wei, Wang Bo, Wang Changling, politician Wang Anshi, etc.
surfing the Internet
Population of wang xing
According to statistics, the population of wang xing is 92.881 million. According to some statistics, wang xing ranks first in the country not only in population, but also in historical celebrities.
Go online and ask parents
wang xing's historical origin
1. He is a descendant of Bi Gonggao, the fifteenth son of Zhou Wenwang; 2. He is a Wang from Prince Jin; 3. He was born after Tai Sunchi of Zhou Pingwang; 4. He was born with Gui's surname; 6. His family changed his surname or gave his surname; 7. Ethnic minorities changed their surname to Wang
4. Conclusion
1. For example, during the Warring States Period, Wang Xu, the "Mr. Guigu" who taught Su Qin and Zhang Yi vertical and horizontal skills. Wang Zhaojun, one of the four beauties in ancient Western Han Dynasty, Wang Xizhi of Langya, and Wang Xianzhi's father and son have been famous for their calligraphy. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo, one of the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty", was the author of Preface to Tengwang Pavilion. There are great poets Wang Wei and Wang Changling who have "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". Wang Anshi, a famous writer. Wang Shifu, the representative writer of Yuan Dynasty, wrote The West Chamber, which is a classic. Wang Fuzhi, a great thinker in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, wrote The Theory of Japanese Knowledge. There was a great writer Wang Guowei in the late Qing Dynasty. Modern celebrities include: Wang Xuan, a scientist, Wang Yanan, a Marxist economist in China, Wang Jiaxiang, a proletarian revolutionary in China, and Wang Zhen, who was awarded the rank of general of the country ... We are proud of the brilliance created by our ancestors in wang xing.
2. Among the many branches of Wang, the one that originated from Zhou Wenwang's descendants of Ji is still the most famous. This branch of wang xing originated from the original Zhou Dynasty, that is, today's Gansu and Shaanxi Xi 'an areas, and later the main enfeoffment area was in today's Shandong Province. According to textual research, the Wang family in Fuzhou originated from the Wang family in Langya, Shandong Province, with Wang Shenzhi as the ancestor representative of the Wang family in Fuzhou.
wang xing is one of the three most populous surnames in China, and its origin is very complicated. According to "A Brief Introduction to Tongzhi Clans", it is said that the Wangs in Jingzhao and Hejian are descendants of Bi Gonggao, the fifteenth son of Zhou Wenwang, so this branch is from Ji's surname; Wang xing in Beihai (now in Shandong) and Chenliu (now near Kaifeng, Henan) is said to be a descendant of Emperor Shun, and this branch comes from the king of Gui. In Jidu County (now Xinxiang, Henan Province), wang xing called himself a prince and came from his surname. The above three branches are all related to the meaning of "Wang". Others are descendants of minority dynasties, and they are named Wang because their ancestors were kings. Such as wang xing in Henan, from Kepin's; In the area of Feng Yi, it turned out to be the descendants of the Tonger clan; Wang xing, Yingzhou, Shandong, from Korea; Anton wang xing, Ben Ashby. In Guang Yun, wang xing's noble families are classified into 21 places: Taiyuan (now Shanxi), Langxie (Shandong), Chenliu (Henan), Donghai (Shandong), Gaoping (Gansu), Jingzhao (Xi 'an), Tianshui (Gansu), Dongping (Shandong), Xincai (Dangnan), Xinye (Henan) and Shanyang. Among them, Taiyuan and Langxie Wang are particularly famous. It is precisely because the origin of wang xing is quite long that numerous sources have been formed in the historical changes. In addition to being from the royal family, there are many people who have given the surname Wang or assumed the surname Wang, such as Sun Jia, the great-great-grandson of Yan Wangdan, who gave his life to Wang Mang and gave his surname Wang; For example, at the end of Sui Dynasty, Wang Shichong, a local separatist, took the surname Wang. Wang Sengbian, the general of the Southern Liang Dynasty, belonged to the Xianbei nationality, and was named king by the rulers of Yan Hong, so he changed his name to Wang Han. Not only many of the royal families of Huaxia nationality take Wang as their surname, but also many descendants of tribal leaders and rulers of ethnic minorities take Wang as their surname, which is roughly the same as Wang's surname from Ji, Gui and Zi mentioned above. As a result, the surname "Wang" has many sources, is widely distributed, and the population is flourishing. Among the many branches of Wang, the one that originated from the descendants of Zhou Wenwang's Ji surname is still the most famous. This branch of wang xing originated from the original Zhou Dynasty, that is, today's Gansu and Shaanxi Xi 'an areas, and later the main enfeoffment area was in today's Shandong Province. According to textual research, Wang Dao, the famous minister of Zhongxing in the Jin Dynasty, is the descendant of this Wang family in Shandong, and his grandson has become a noble family for a while.
Qu (Qū)
Qu's surname comes from Ji's surname, which originated in the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Lin Sheng, Hou of Jin Mu, made his youngest son a teacher in Quwo (in Shanxi Province today), and his descendants took the masterpiece of the fief as their surname, and later changed the compound surname "Quwo" to the single surname "Qu". Qu Huan was a commonplace in the Tang Dynasty, and he was once the king of Jinchang County. Qu Duan was an observer of Xuanzhou in Song Dynasty. He was good at reading and writing articles, and was good at military strategy. Qu Lian, a county official in Ming Dynasty, managed floods with excellent political achievements.
Qu Yinglin, a teacher in the suburb of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang
I. Origin of surnames
Qu (Qū) has a pure origin, with two sources:
1. It comes from Ji's surname and takes the place name as its surname. According to "Customs Tong Yi", in the ancient Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Wuwang sealed his third son in Jin, and this prince was called Shu Yu. Shu Yu's eighth grandson was the Jin Muhou of the Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Jin Muhou made his youngest son the leader of the Quwo people's place (in the northeast of wenxi county, Shanxi Province). The grandson of the master took the fief masterpiece as his surname, which was Quwo's. Later, it was changed to a single surname, Qu, which was passed down from generation to generation.
2. It originated from Qu Ni, the minister of Xia Wang Jie, and a Qu surname was also formed among his descendants.
First ancestor: Uncle Qu Wohuan. Cheng Shi, a native of the State of Jin at the beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the Western Weekend, the ninth grandson of Zhou Wuwang's third son, the son of Mu Houlin, and the brother of Wen Houqiu. When Qiu Zi was a marquis, he named his uncle in Quwo for Quwo Huan's uncle. The land of Quwo is larger than the capital of Jin, and Uncle Huan's virtue is noble, which is quite popular among Quwo citizens. Pan Fu, a minister in the late Jin Dynasty, met Uncle Huan, who was defeated by Quwo due to the common enemy of Jin's subjects, and died of depression several years later (732 BC). His son, Quwo Zhuangbo, once mobilized troops to attack Jin, but he could not get results. When it was spread to his grandson, Wu Gongji of Quwo, the clan was strong and popular. He even killed three kings (Ai Hou, Xiao Zi Hou and Hou Jin) and merged them into the land, and replaced Jin as a vassal, known as Jin Wugong in history. After the Duke of Wu took the place of Jin, it was still a wing of the original capital of Jin (now Yicheng, Shanxi Province), but the clan who stayed in Quwo took the land as its surname, and later called it Qu surname, and respected Uncle Quwo as the ancestor. ? SOj+~ )A can be a forum-it can be a forum, and it can really be Eq3EAa
Second, the migration distribution < P > The surname of Qu originated in Quwo, Shanxi Province today, and it basically thrived here for a long time after it was acquired. During the Warring States Period, the three countries were divided into Jin, and some Qu surnames entered the present-day land of Hebei and Henan because of official relations or other reasons, while Qu surnames, which originated in their ancestral homes, moved northward to Linfen, Shanxi, or southward to Shaanxi between Shanxi and Henan, and then entered Shaanxi for various reasons. During the Qin Dynasty, there was the Imperial Palace, which was the descendant of Uncle Qu Wohuan. During the Han Dynasty, besides the rapid reproduction of Qu surname in Linfen, Shaanxi Province and Shanxian County, Henan Province, another family moved northward to Yanmen County, where it gradually formed a large settlement. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the surname Qu was popular in Linfen, Shaanxi Province, and Shaanxi County, Henan Province, with a prosperous population. It was named Pingyang County, Yanmen County and Shaanxi County. In Sui and Tang Dynasties, the above-mentioned county name of Qu surname still existed, especially in Anyi, Shaanxi Province (now Xia County, Shanxi Province), where Qu Huan was its outstanding representative. Some of his descendants who lived in Longyou (now East County of Qinghai) settled here. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Khúc Th?a D? entered Annan for official reasons, and his descendants stayed there. During the Song Dynasty, especially after the Zhao and Song Dynasties were partial to the east of the Yangtze River, the number of people who migrated to the south of the country gradually increased. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Qu surname, as one of the surnames of the people who moved to Hongtong, was moved to Shaanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Beijing and other places. From then on to the middle of Qing Dynasty, the surname Qu gradually dispersed in Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces. After the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Qu surnames from Shandong and Hebei entered the three northeastern provinces for the sake of making a living, and their descendants stayed there. After liberation, with the development of the Great Northern Wilderness, military reclamation and land reclamation, more Qu surnames settled in the Northeast. The surname Qu basically propagated and moved around Quwo, Shanxi. Before the Ming Dynasty, it mainly lived in Shanxi and the junction of Shanxi and Henan. It was the immigration movement in the early Ming Dynasty that made the ancestors of the surname Qu spread to the northern provinces of China. The Ming Dynasty, which was established after the peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, was faced with such a situation: on the one hand, the peasant army dealt a heavy blow to the Mongolian and Han nobles and landlords, the Mongolian ruling group was overthrown, and many Han landlords were killed. Due to the massacre of feudal rulers in suppressing the peasant uprising, the internal killing of the ruling group in Yuan Dynasty and the scuffle among warlords entrenched in the local areas, the social economy was broken, the population dropped sharply, and the land was barren. Shandong and Henan regions were devastated by the warlords in Yuan Dynasty for a long time. The new dynasty established by Zhu Yuanzhang will obviously not last long unless we try to change this situation. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang took a series of measures to stabilize society and organize production. Reclaiming farmland is a very important measure. There are three forms of land reclamation: military camp, civilian camp and commercial camp, of which military camp is the largest and most complete in organization. "Immigrants will broaden the countryside", and the implementation of folk villages is also one of the important measures. Compared with other northern provinces at that time, Shanxi area has neither the suffering of soldiers nor the harm of famine, with favorable weather, abundant crops and prosperous population, with a population of more than 4 million, which is more than the sum of the populations of Hebei and Henan provinces at that time, so it has become the main base for population output. According to the genealogy records of villages around Qingdao, especially in Laoshan. The genealogy of most villages records that their ancestors migrated from Yunnan, and the village with the surname of Qu has the same record. For example, the genealogy of Qu in Nanjiang Village of Shazikou Street begins with the following words: "It is said that the ancestors migrated from the big pagoda tree in Yunnan during Yongle period of Ming Dynasty ..." Although it is rumored, combined with other surrounding villages and relevant historical records, it should be said that Nanjiang Qu was an immigrant of Ming Dynasty, which basically conforms to historical facts. But there is a universal problem, that is, most genealogies record that their ancestors came from Yunnan instead of Shanxi. On this issue, as early as before the Cultural Revolution, Guangming Daily published an article entitled "Where do you want to ask your ancestors, the big pagoda tree in Hongdong, Shanxi", citing a large number of authoritative materials and making a detailed discussion. Nowadays, the Qu surname is widely distributed in China, especially in Liaoning, Heilongjiang and other provinces, and the Qu surname in the two provinces accounts for about 55% of the Han nationality's Qu surname in China. Qu surname is the 164th surname in China today, accounting for about .6% of the Han population in China.
Third, historical celebrities
Qu Huan: A native of Anyi in the Tang Dynasty, with a rank of ordinary, was named King of Jinchang County. Good at art of war, good at riding and shooting. During the Tianbao period (742-756), Guo Yi was awarded a special post. An Lushan rebelled, defended Dengzhou, leveled Hebei, defeated Tubo, and gained great fame. His successor, Chen Xu, saved our time, reduced taxes, and simplified education. In three years, it was a bumper harvest. =Nqwu.e~b
Qu Duan: A native of the Northern Song Dynasty, Wen Tao and Wu Lulve combined to punish corrupt officials and treacherous villains, and the people were happy and lived and worked in peace. Guan Xuanzhou is an observer, good at reading, good at writing articles and good at military strategy. Later, he was framed by a treacherous court official and died in prison. People felt extremely sorry. HrubZ
Qu Lian: a county official in the Ming Dynasty, who managed floods and rewarded farming, with excellent political achievements
Fourth, the number of the county watch hall
1. County watch
Pingyang County: located in the southwest of Linfen County, Shanxi Province.
yanmen county: it was set by Zhao in the warring States period, and since then, it has been guarded by the county, road and county organizations. The name of Yanmenguan began in the early Tang Dynasty. Due to the rise of the northern Turks, there were repeated internal offenses. The Tang garrison was stationed in Yanmen Mountain, and a city was set up at the iron-wrapped gate at the commanding height to guard the soldiers.
Shaanxi County: Shaanxi City (west of Sanmenxia City, Henan Province). h(? . g
Jinchang County: Jin was divided into Dunhuang County and Jinchang County was located in the southeast of Anxi. It governs the area around Anxi and Yumen. Its land belonged to Dunhuang County in Sui Dynasty, and it was separated into Jinchang County in Guazhou in Tang Dynasty.
Ankang County: namely, Jinzhou, an ancient place name, which was established in the Western Wei Dynasty. Sui was changed to Xicheng County, and Song was called Ankang County in Jinzhou, which ruled Xicheng (now Ankang County in Shaanxi Province).