Guangzong has nine daughters, and the eldest daughter, Princess Huai Shu, is 7 years old and pursues books. The other five women died young and were not sealed. There are three records in the Proceedings: Fu Niangniang of Yifei gave birth to the emperor's fifth sister, named Princess Ningde, who was honored; the emperor's sixth sister was named Princess Suiping, and Zanyuan was honored; Kang Niangniang gave birth to the emperor's eighth sister, named Princess Le 'an, and Xu Gong was still old. The three princesses of Ningde, Suiping and Le 'an are all married, and their burial places are unknown.
Xi Zong reigned for seven years, and both women died young. 1954, the record of yongning princess's death unearthed in Dongsi Tomb: On December 15th, the third year of apocalypse, Jin Shanyuan was buried, and the princess was named Shu 'e; Princess Huaining recorded: On December 20th, the fourth year of apocalypse, Jin Shanyuan was buried, and the princess was named Shu 'e.. It is doubtful whether the two princesses are the daughters of Zong, and our four daughters were named yongning princess. After 42 years, why did they trace Soo-e to yongning princess? Among Zhuang Liedi's six daughters, Princess Kunyi pursued her and died.
In addition to kings and princesses, some princes and daughters stayed in the capital for various reasons and were buried in Jinshan after their death. Due to limited space, it is omitted.
The sun in Cuiwei Mountain is a relatively concentrated burial place for princesses in Ming Dynasty. The girl with graceful beauty on the mountain has always been loved by people. As time goes by, people gradually forget their memories because of the dust of history. Therefore, future generations love martial arts and my family, and a princess buried in the cuiwei sunshine will be attached as the cuiwei princess, although there is no princess named cuiwei in the history books. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the tomb of the Princess of the Ming Dynasty had already been razed to the ground, and I don't know who was buried.
5. What is the organizational system and sacrifice of Yishanfu?
Imagine if time goes back 500 years, this side of the mountain is surrounded by mountains and waters, among pines and cypresses, there are countless yellow tiles and red walls, and there are many steles, which are spectacular, standing there like students, enjoying the halls and treasure tops. Once upon a time, everything was turned to dust. What we see today is a dilapidated scene, which is probably related to an accident during the Qianlong period: "In the 21st year of Qianlong (1756), the Ritual Department held a performance in May, and there were several scenic platforms and mausoleums in Xishan. The four-phase original six eunuchs should be merged and cut, and two ling households should be set up as appropriate, taking Changping Taishou as an example. " It can be seen that at least in the early Qing Dynasty, the Xishan Trust left over from the former Ming Dynasty did not change due to the replacement of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the trust was relatively well preserved. But by the Qing Dynasty in the 21st year of Qianlong, the political situation had been very consolidated. Therefore, according to the political needs, Qianlong agreed to the suggestion of the Ministry of Rites, and abolished the mausoleum system of Xishan in the pre-Ming Dynasty on a large scale, which was completely abandoned in the late Qing Dynasty. So today, what is this Ming cemetery that we have managed for 200 years?
The Ming Dynasty was the most perfect era of feudal etiquette in the history of China. In addition to the mausoleum, the royal family was hierarchical after death. In the thirteenth year of orthodoxy, it was decreed that "there are 50 mu of land for the county king, 15 rooms, 30 mu for the county king, 9 rooms, and 20 mu for the county king, and 3 rooms". Hongwu three years (1370), also promulgated the tomb system, from the tomb. There are many concubines in the tired dynasty, all of whom are tombs without burial. "In the 13th year of Jiajing (1534), Chen Jing, the princess of Jing, died. The imperial edict and the performance of merit are two parts: the ancestors felt that they should abide by the law, and the imperial power system should also be the law. In ancient times, women used nine numbers, so nine concubines should share the same tomb and enjoy the hall, so they were customized. "
Jingdi Mausoleum, located in Jinshankou, is the highest rank among many mausoleums in Shanfu along the line. The List of Gods once described in detail: "Emperor Gongren Kangding, Hui Zhen 'an, the second mausoleum of Empress Jing, with a viewing hall, a hall, a kitchen, a sacrificial pavilion and an inner palace in front". In the 12th year of Chenghua, A built a tablet pavilion on the left side of Yulingmen, and "(Jiajing September 18th) built a tablet. In order to better protect the gardens of Jinshan, in the seventh year of Jingtai, the tomb of Wei Jun in Wu Wang City of Jinshan was set up, and the tomb of Wang concubines was set up. Kings and princesses usually occupy geomantic omen and build houses by enclosure. Emperors often give generous treatment and land money. "(In the winter and October of the eighth year of orthodoxy), Wu Jia Shunde Changgong Pig Grave occupies 20 hectares and 50 mu of folk land in Wanping County, Shuntianfu, which is exempt from tax." Take Princess Yongchun as an example. It is very strange to give a grave 23 192 silver for sacrifice and funeral. However, although the princess was extremely noble, the eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty had been in power for a period of time, and they were unscrupulous until the emperor Lao Zi came first and I was second, and even dared to occupy the royal cemetery. "Jia President princess's tomb, Tianshun two years in May Wanping County old duty-free food, eunuch Wang Zhen nephew Jin Yiwei. Lin offended and was buried in the official, and the princess official answered. " There is a famous saying that "it is not easy to verify by name". What should the ground buildings of princesses have? Due to the age, theft and damage are serious, and it is impossible to verify. Only according to sporadic excavations can we see it. A stone statue of a civil servant, a statue of Shi Hu and a statue of a stone sheep were unearthed in the original site of the old yongning princess tomb. It can be seen that the provisions of the Ming Dynasty on the princess's tomb should be comparable to those of the prince's tomb. At the same time, each tomb house also stipulates that there are grave households, which are different. In "Miscellanies of Ten Thousand Departments", there are five gardeners in Dashou Mountain, eight grave households in various places, fifteen mourners-one in danger, two in Tai Kang, five in Qi, four in Ying Temple and four in Ying Temple. In addition, it is also stipulated that annual sacrifices should be made in Zheng Dan, Qingming, Central Plains, the first frost and the winter solstice. The emperor will waste it as a big sacrifice, and after the waste, it will be a middle sacrifice, and the concubines, kings and princesses will be small sacrifices, cooking wood and silver.
Jinshan Mansion has not only distribution, grave households, but also grave protection and sacrifice. From some records, there are very detailed records. It can be seen that the Ming Dynasty attached great importance to the construction and protection of the Jinshan Royal Cemetery, and various measures were readily available, from customized ceremonies, guarding by military households to signing by the Ministry of Industry, giving government granges and offering sacrifices. After more than 200 years of operation, Xiaoxishan in the west of Beijing gradually formed such a large-scale Ming Dynasty trust group.
The last question is whether the number of 72 yamen is just as Mr. Chen Guangbin thought: "One slip of the mountain is just 72 yamen". I don't think so. In our country, people often take thirty-six and seventy-two as symbols, indicating that nine is the largest number among natural numbers. There are thirty-six stars in the sky and seventy-two demons underground. Taoism says that there are thirty-six holes in the world and seventy-two blessed places. Confucius has seventy-two sages. There are thirteen mausoleums in Tianshou Mountain, including thirteen emperors and twenty-three empresses, totaling thirty-six. So, people call the numerous trusts in Jinshan seventy-two, which is consistent with the tomb of Tianshou Mountain, which means * * * has the meaning of 108. Is it true? Judging from the available data, the number of mountain houses along the line has exceeded 72.