Quality education is the basic project to improve the national quality, the fundamental purpose and ultimate task of basic education, the education facing the future and the mainstream of education reform in the world today. It is imperative to implement quality education. Fully developing students' personality is one of the important differences between quality education and "exam-oriented education". How to promote students' personality development through implementing quality education is an important topic facing the current primary and secondary education reform. Now it is briefly explained from three aspects as follows:
First, the historical reflection on students' personality development.
The traditional education in the history of China is basically "exam-oriented education". Throughout the history of education in ancient and modern China, the imperial examination system and eight-part essay distorted the souls of many intellectuals and buried their talents. Wu's Scholars vividly depicts a group image of a generation of intellectuals who are pedantic and inflexible, Lu Xun's Kong Yiji reflects the intellectuals' cry for old-fashioned education, and Gong Zizhen issued the call of "dropping talents without sticking to one pattern" in Qing Dynasty. History tells us that ideology directly affects educational thought, and backward educational model restricts the cultivation of talents.
With the pace of history, we have entered a brand-new era. Due to the rapid development of productivity, science and technology, and the unprecedented improvement of socialization, industrialization and informatization, the demand for talents in society presents a trend of multi-level, multi-category and multi-specification. Under this social background, "exam-oriented education" is increasingly unsuitable for the needs of social development and human development. Where does education in China go? Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward the strategic thought of "education should face modernization, the world and the future" in time. In order to adapt to this idea, we must realize the fundamental transformation from "exam-oriented education" to quality education, realize the real liberation of human personality development, and lay the foundation for improving the quality of the people.
Second, correctly handle the relationship between quality education and students' personality development.
Quality education is an education for all students, which comprehensively improves students' ideological and moral, cultural science, labor skills and physical and mental quality, and promotes students' lively development. The integrity of educational object and the comprehensiveness of educational content are its two basic characteristics. All-round development is the basis of personality development, and it is the first.
Emphasizing all-round development does not exclude personality development, which is a higher level leap on the basis of all-round development. This is because students are developing people, and students can only develop through individual experience. Without the development of students' personality, no education can effectively play its role. Quality education pays more attention to the improvement of students' individual quality, which conforms to the objective laws of dialectical materialism and individuality. Therefore, quality education is an effective way to promote students' personality development. This brand-new educational model completely liberates students' personalities and gives full play to their personal talents.
Quality education follows the objective law of students' physical and mental development, and promoting students' personality development is an inevitable requirement of quality education. Pedagogy theory tells us that the physical and mental development of children and adolescents has certain sequence, stage, variability, difference and imbalance. Due to the influence of congenital genetic factors and acquired environmental education, children and adolescents of the same age show personality characteristics in physical and mental strength, intellectual factors and non-intellectual factors. This requires educators not only to pay attention to the * * * characteristics of students' development, but also to pay full attention to each student's individual differences, so as to teach students in accordance with their aptitude, have a clear aim, give full play to everyone's potential and positive factors, make up for shortcomings and deficiencies, and choose the most effective education method, so that students with various personality differences can be enlarged to the limit in appropriate places.
Thirdly, the practical ways of promoting students' personality development through quality education.
1. Deepen teaching reform and strengthen students' dominant position.
Classroom teaching is the main position to implement quality education and the main channel to develop students' personality. The vast number of educators must change their educational concepts, get rid of the shackles of "exam-oriented education" and dare to break through the "teacher center", "textbook center" and "classroom center". Hey? Jump off a building and escape? What's the investigation of borage? About worrying about cultivation? Trouble? What's the matter? What are eyes? Cloud [6] sword [5]? Climb the health [6] craze? What do you want? How is the salary better? Are you a mother? Hey? Magnificent architecture? Hey? Are you worried? (1) purine? ? α ⒖? ⒅ ⒅ ⒅ ⒅ ⒅ ⒅ ⒅ ⒅ ⒅? More and more? Did you steal lungs? What happened? Hole? Hey? My friend? Dirty? Call for rebuttal and surrender? Wipe Fang minxi? Huai Wei? Exchange? What about me? What are you talking about? Leftovers? I'm afraid I'm dry #? Widowed? Hey? Are you worried? Hey? Ding? What's the matter with you? br & gt
2. Establish a scientific education quality evaluation model to create a good environment for students' personality development.
Through the dialysis of "exam-oriented education", we can see that unrealistic and one-sided educational evaluation misleads the development direction of education and cultivates deformed talents, which is very unsuitable for the needs of socialist market economic system and modernization. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an overall evaluation model of school education quality, which combines qualitative and quantitative methods, and strive to make the evaluation content comprehensive and reasonable, and the evaluation form quantitative and scientific, so as to make it operable and effective, and give full play to its incentive-oriented role in comprehensively implementing education policies and developing students' personality. For students, we should warmly encourage them to become famous and have a family, carry out ideal education, discover, evaluate and cultivate students' outstanding talents in study and life practice in time, actively try out multi-level evaluation methods of points, grades and summaries, comprehensively and scientifically evaluate students' comprehensive quality, and guide students to develop in an all-round way and give full play to their specialties in time. In particular, we should do a good job in transforming underachievers, so that every star can shine and every petal can emit fragrance. In short, through the innovation of education evaluation system, students can be freed from the fierce competition for further education, create a good external environment for the development of students' personality, and create a vivid situation of all-round education and all-round development of students.
3. Broaden the channels of quality education and develop students' personality.
First, strengthen the teaching of music, physical education, aesthetic education and labor skills, which is an important way to implement quality education and an important position to develop students' personalities and specialties.
At present, efforts should be made to reverse the weak situation of music, physical education, beauty and technology education, and achieve five guarantees: teaching materials, class hours, teachers, equipment and assessment. Second, actively organize students to carry out colorful extracurricular activities, ensure that students have extracurricular activities once a day, and incorporate them into the curriculum formation system, and extensively carry out small-scale scientific and technological activities as well as sports, manual labor, calligraphy art, paper-cut carving, story meeting, poetry meeting, literary creation and other activities. The third is to establish characteristic education schools, give full play to their leading and exemplary role, and provide favorable conditions for students' personality development.
The second article
In classroom teaching, it is the key to optimize classroom teaching to let students develop actively and cultivate their innovative consciousness. It is an important condition for optimizing classroom teaching to follow the rules of students' learning psychology and help students construct good learning psychology. On the basis of students' learning psychological laws, teachers should use various methods to mobilize students' active participation and internalization, and promote the development of students' comprehensive quality.
First, create a good mood and increase the motivation of learning intention.
The creation and stimulation of learning emotion is the direct promoter of intentional motivation, which can fully mobilize students' attention and cultivate strong willpower. Some psychologists' teaching experiments have proved that in primary school, those vivid and practical ones are easy to stimulate students' cognitive motivation. Teachers should use physical demonstration, performance experience, language description or multimedia teaching technology to provide students with scenes such as words, graphics, images, animations and sounds, establish a good interactive learning environment, mobilize students' active participation, arouse students' good emotions, and promote the rapid and stable improvement of intelligence and ability.
1. Funny criticism
Teachers' language, especially the evaluation language, should give priority to positive encouragement as much as possible, and the evaluation should be concise and to the point. We should talk more about encouragement, protect students' self-esteem and keep their enthusiasm for learning. Psychology believes that sarcastic language will make people nervous, affect people's behavior motivation, and lead to the decline of learning enthusiasm and learning efficiency. For example, after teaching the Pearl of the Orient, a student asked, "Teacher, at the beginning of the text, Hong Kong is the southern gate to the world, but at the end, why is it called the Pearl of the Orient?" His voice did not fall, and other students said that the problem had been solved just now, and they also giggled. The student's face turned red at once. I immediately said, "He can raise his hand to ask questions, which shows that he loves to use his head. However, he is attracted by the beauty and prosperity of Hong Kong, and he can't wait to travel to Hong Kong. Since he doesn't understand this problem, shall we help him first and let him introduce Hong Kong later? " In teaching, no matter what wrong thoughts or behaviors students have, teachers should skillfully give indirect criticism from positive affirmation, so that students can be encouraged and motivated.
2. ingenious methods
An educator said, "There are no stupid students, only stupid teachers." There is some truth in this statement. Students' poor academic performance and study habits have a lot to do with the inflexibility of teachers' teaching methods to some extent. Teachers should make sure that every student has positive and healthy psychological energy that has not yet been shown. Once this psychological energy is activated and released, it can activate, regulate and organize people's behaviors and emotions. Only by taking various measures to explore students' bright spots can teachers improve students' interest in learning, improve their psychological quality and stimulate their potential, so that students can be improved and developed to varying degrees in the "nearest development zone".
3. Charming situation
In the teaching process, the communication between teachers and students is not only a one-way knowledge transfer process, but also a process of emotional communication, rational collision and personality infection between teachers and students. Teachers should try their best to adjust students' learning psychology to the best state, so that students can have a strong learning motivation. For example, when teaching the Pearl of the Orient, the teacher designed a lead: Students, have you ever enjoyed the beautiful scenery of Hong Kong? There are bustling markets, Repulse Bay, world-famous Ocean Park and charming Victoria Park. No matter who comes to Hong Kong, they will never leave. It shines in the east of the world like an incomparable pearl. People call it "the Pearl of the Orient".
4. Pleasant classroom activities
Integrating psychological education into language training activities of listening, speaking, reading and writing is the integration point of Chinese teaching and psychological education. Only in the process of listening, speaking, reading and writing, constantly strengthening the training of students' behavior norms and developing good study habits can we help students master the psychological laws of learning, thus effectively relieving students' psychological pressure, improving learning efficiency, enhancing learning effect and developing students' mental potential and creativity. In teaching, teachers can let students listen to recordings, watch projections, play different roles, be commentators, draw pictures and demonstrate, etc. Let the students get into the role of the article, listen attentively and understand the content of the text in pleasant music, moving pictures and interesting performances.
2. Stimulate achievement psychology and stimulate learning motivation.
"Nothing can increase satisfaction like success, and nothing can inspire further success like success." It can be said that every student is full of curiosity and a sense of accomplishment. This kind of achievement psychology makes students form positive learning motivation, and makes teaching develop towards the predetermined goal until the teaching goal is realized. When students have the psychology of achievement, teaching will really change from "I want to learn" to "I want to learn". Learning motivation is generated. Teachers should take advantage of this, organize various activities according to students' hobbies, and try their best to let students at different levels show their talents in the activities and create their own opportunities for success. Students will gain successful experience and enjoy the joy of success at the same time, which will be transformed into a powerful driving force for further study. This personal emotional experience makes students feel "I can do it". So in the face of difficulties, I firmly believe that I have the ability to overcome them and mobilize all positive factors to overcome them.
1. Customize learning objectives
The determination of learning objectives should be based on students' hobbies and needs. What students like to learn and how to learn can be determined together with teachers and classmates, so that students' learning becomes their own psychological needs and the internal motivation of children's learning. Therefore, teachers should respect and trust students in the process of guidance, and allow students to put forward various learning goals or learning methods, including opinions that are contrary to or even wrong with teachers. Only in this way can students express their opinions freely and boldly in front of their classmates and teachers in the process of determining their learning goals, thus generating the source of "autonomous learning".
2. Self-picked learning "fruit"
Suhomlinski said: "The joy of success is a great power, which can promote children's desire to study hard." Appropriate, fair and objective evaluation of students at different levels will help students build confidence, arouse their subjective consciousness and cultivate their personality initiative. As long as students make a little progress, teachers should give them proper affirmation, let them try, experience the joy of success, inspire all students to actively participate, take advantage of the situation and tap their intellectual potential. When students encounter setbacks, they should be inspired with enthusiasm and wait patiently. Only through inspiration and induction can they get a jumping "fruit". Treat different students differently, be a good student on the next level, stimulate the enthusiasm of secondary students to pursue one after another, let the temporarily backward students meet the basic requirements, and promote all students to keep forging ahead and move towards higher goals.
3. Self-thinking learning method
Teachers put forward learning requirements, so that students can participate in the study of the same content to see who learns quickly and well. For example, teaching the second to fourth paragraphs of the lesson "Clouds of Lushan Mountain" can guide students to learn the second paragraph, and then let students think about their own learning methods to learn the third and fourth paragraphs by themselves. Finally, report the learning results. Competition rules: ten minutes to read and think by yourself, eight minutes to exchange views at the same table, and two minutes to read aloud emotionally; Each person intensively reads a paragraph; Speak clearly and read with emotion; The speaker innovator will be awarded the "Innovation Award".
Third, optimize the study group and give play to the group effect.
Psychological experiments show that many people working together can promote and improve the efficiency of individual activities (study and work). As a group activity, study group helps group members to brainstorm and improve their ability to analyze and solve problems.