Siddhartha seal category: mainly discuss Siddhartha letters and their combinations.
Interpretation of Siddhartha Chapters: Explain the contents of Siddhartha Chapters.
Chapter of Siddhartha Branch: Explain various schools or variants related to Siddhartha's letters.
Sanskrit vocabulary explanation category: Sanskrit or Chinese Sanskrit dictionary.
Siddhartha gradually declined after the late Tang Dynasty in China.
Name boundary
In the early Tang Dynasty, the Sanskrit alphabet was called Siddhartha, and the grammar and semantics of Sanskrit were called Sanskrit or Sanskrit. Later, it was generally called Sanskrit, and even the relevant knowledge was Siddhartha. This idiom gradually fell out of use after the Song Dynasty. By the Song Dynasty, almost all the characters were Sanskrit, and because the natural script introduced from India was very different from Siddhartha, the new characters from India were called Sanskrit or Tianzhu, while the characters used in the original Tang Dynasty were still called Siddhartha. The "Siddhartha" part quoted here refers to the ancient prose included in Dazhengzang. The above is a brief introduction to the origin and spread of Siddhartha's name.
Basic goods
Basic goods
Sanskrit Siddhartha
Sanskrit is used by Shinrikyo, Tiantai Sect, Pure Land Sect and Zen Sect. , its use form is also different. Some are used to worship pagoda girls and pray for the protection of Moza and traffic safety, or for worshippers such as seed Datura, A Zi Guan and Zi Lun Guan, as well as stone pagodas, stone tablets, grinding cliffs, fans and flowers. The latter is a precious Sanskrit material preserved by the ancients.
What is Sanskrit?
The so-called Sanskrit is the font used to express Sanskrit. It was developed in Indian characters around the third century BC. With regard to the establishment of Sanskrit, there has been research on Sanskrit in Japan since ancient times.
In this case, what is Brahma in Sanskrit and Sanskrit?
According to Kiyun Kiyoda's Introduction to Siddhartha Studies, the definition of "Brahman" is: (1) Brahman. In India, Brahma, Piniutian and Shiva are especially revered. Brahma is the god of creation, Piniutian is the god of maintenance, and Shiva is the god of destruction. Indians believe that writing and language were created by Brahma. (2) brahman refers to brahman. Brahman is both a religion and a scholar. His authority is above the princes and he is the representative of India. Therefore, India is also called "the land of Brahmins". Brahma's incorrect pronunciation is "Brahma", so Brahma's words and languages are called Sanskrit and Sanskrit. Among these two theories, Mr. Qingtian particularly emphasized the second theory, that is, "Brahma" refers to Hindi. Again, from a historical perspective? First of all, there are so-called hieroglyphs in ancient Indian characters, but they have not been interpreted so far. So there are still many unknowns about their relationship with Sanskrit Siddhartha. After a long time, the figures in India appeared in the era of Asoka in the third century BC. At this time, two kinds of characters appeared: Karosti and Boulami. The first script, used from the 3rd century BC to the 3rd century BC, is a phonography written horizontally from right to left. But this kind of writing is no longer popular.
The second Brahma, also known as the Book of Brahma, is the root of all languages in India. It is said that it was introduced from Phoenician and Aramaic in the west, and the phonetic notation was written horizontally from left to right. The oldest information written in Sanskrit is Ashoka script, or peacock script according to the name of the dynasty. According to this Brahma book, many languages have been derived. In addition, Sanskrit and Deer Bottom are also recorded in Mahayana Classics, so historically, the source of Sanskrit can be found in Sanskrit.
Sanskrit
Generalization:
The general term for Indian characters.
Narrow sense:
Paper sweet potato
What is Siddhartha?
Siddhartha can be roughly divided into the following two usages. The first one is Sanskrit, which is derived from Sanskrit, and the second one is a meaningful language with four meanings.
(1) Siddham, a calligraphy style, refers to the calligraphy style that was popular and developed in North India in the 6th-9th century. In fact, it refers to Siddhartha's card type, commonly known as Siddhartha. Siddhartha script developed from the multi-modal script of Gupta dynasty in the 4th century A.D. and spread to Japanese Sanskrit script, which was based on Siddhartha script. For example, the Sanskrit handwriting style of Horyuji Eight Lords is. Therefore, in the long history of writing in India, although Siddhartha developed from Brahma, its direct cause should be Gupta writing.
(2) Semantic ambiguity. Although Siddhartha is one of the popular calligraphy styles in Indian history, semantically speaking, it has the significance of achievement and completion. Achievement and completion mean that it is a word that can be pronounced independently. In other words, it is a word with vowels. Since ancient times, people have different interpretations of the "four places altar", which are summarized as follows:
1. Usage of Siditan: Siditan written by Tang described Siditan as follows: "It starts from Siditan and has six rhymes. The length is two points, and the words are two tenths. Put the crown at the beginning and rhyme with the sound. The sound rhymes and the words are unfamiliar. That is, A (short voice call) A (long voice call) is also. " Accordingly, Siddhartha refers to the twelve rhymes of Modo (vowel). However, on the other hand, Siddhartha's character stories also say that all 35 characters in the style (consonants) contain the vowel "a" and can be pronounced independently. Therefore, the Modo body is collectively called "Siddhartha". This view, gradually expanding the explanation, will eventually be called "Siddhartha" by Modo's letter.
In addition, there is a title equivalent to "Namah Sarva-jnaya Siddham's dependence on all wise men and achievements" in the story of Siddhartha's characters. Later, I spoke Modo, followed by eighteen chapters. As can be seen from this topic, Siddhartha can be attached to the Modo script (alphabet) or as a tribute to the script before the eighteenth chapter is cut off.
Second, the usage of the Sanskrit Interpretation of Siddhartha's Letters In the Sanskrit Interpretation of Siddhartha's Letters written by Buddhist master Kong Hai, there is a usage of "Siddhartha's Pure Land", like the second explanation: "The four-character title, Brahma Tianyun Siddhartha is clumsy, Tang Yun has great achievements.
According to Sanzang's Biography of the South China Sea Returning to the Inner Law on the Semantic Web, there is a commemorative sentence "I have never seen Siddhartha" in ancient India, which is used to let children learn letters and spelling (writing rules). Later, this sentence gradually became a title, attached to the alphabet and affixation, and became a language that prayed for its words to achieve good luck. (Incidentally, the usage of the Records of Siddhartha Characters was inherited from Nantian, and the usage of the Interpretation of Siddhartha's Letters was inherited from Zhongtian. Although Yao Na Rorty Iron Society and Siditan Luo Jian are different because of the different origins of Nantian and Zhongtian, both of them put Siditan in Gui Jing. )
If so, what achievements are you blessing? If it is Dalagni, it is the effect of praying for Dalagni. As far as the Four Chapters are concerned, I am afraid it is Zhang Zhili or his achievements. In a word, Sanskrit is a generic term for a word, and Siddhartha is a generic term for a set. This episode is a collection of Zhang and other phonological institutions in Siddhartha. "In a word," Siddhartha "is a language for praying and blessing academic achievements, and it is also the general name of the alphabet with phonological organization and Siddhartha's chapter collection. Sanskrit refers to a single character and is not necessarily a synonym for Siddhartha. This view is closely related to Shinrikyo's statement. In the oral transmission of the truth taught by Siddhartha in Sanskrit, only Sanskrit is irrelevant, but Siddhartha's words are not.
We will sort out the usage of Siddhartha as follows:
1 "Four Places Altar" has the meaning of achievement and perfection; Therefore, in the words of Siddhartha Tanjing, the twelve Modas are called Siddhartha Tanjing.
Strictly speaking, Siddhartha only refers to the twelve Modas, but the thirty-five characters in the style also contain the rhyme of "A" (1); Therefore, all letters containing this style are called Siddhartha.
Siddhartha is one of Gui Jing's sentences at the front of the alphabet and Siddhartha's chapter. Therefore, it is used as a topic.
Siddhartha is the general name of Siddhartha's phonological organizations such as chapters and sentences.
In other words, it is the collective name of the alphabet, Siddhartha chapter and so on.
Tantric interpretation
As mentioned earlier, "Siditan" means achievement and completion. The words "achievement" and "perfection" have a deeper side in Tantric interpretation.
Kong Hai, a Buddhist master, explained Siddhartha as follows in Sanskrit "Siddhartha Letters and Interpretation":
"This is a writer, natural reason also. This is not done by the Tathagata, nor by the Brahma King. Write if you can, and you won't be happy if you come. All buddhas abide by this dharma from the Buddha's point of view, that is to say, truthfully benefit all beings. Brahma and others have been taught by all sentient beings, but the world knows his character. Although he uses it for daily use, he has never understood its meaning. If you say there is a real meaning, if you use it with words, then all the words in the world are the same. If you solve the real meaning, Dalagni's words are the same. "
The tantric view that Sanskrit is only used to mark language is secular and superficial. Sanskrit handwriting, named Siddhartha Tan, can show the function of perfection and achievement, showing that Buddha is Buddha, which is the profound meaning of tantric position, teaching and giving, so it is the text of Dalagni (general manager). Moreover, in the explanation of Sanskrit characters and letters mentioned above, there is a second explanation for Dalagni: "The so-called Dalagni, Sanskrit also. Don has been holding it. Always take, the holder is free to hold. In short, you always teach without limit, hold all laws in one law, hold all righteousness in one righteousness, and hold infinite merits in one voice, hence the name infinite Tibet. "
That is to say, Dalagni contains infinite teaching (writing) in one word, all laws (word phase) in one law, all meanings (word meaning) in one meaning, and infinite merits (sound) in one sound.
In this way, the word "one by one" contains all the meanings and has its own characteristics, just like Datura. Therefore, Siddhartha characters are used to express the conscious practice of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. This is called seed character, and the Datura represented by seed character is called seed Datura and Famanda.
In short, Siddhartha, a Sanskrit figure, is the activity of showing Buddha and the object of belief and worship in esoteric Buddhism. Sanskrit characters (hieroglyphics) written on seed mandala, Tatapo, Humoza, etc. Dalagni (pronunciation), the mantra recited orally, and the meaning (word meaning) of the seed mantra used in Dojo view and word rotation view, etc. , very common. That is to say, in the three secret lines of body, mouth and mind emphasized by the tantric religion, Siddhartha is closely related to the oral secret (the truth of Dalagni) and the mental secret (Dojo view, word-turning view, word-jia view, etc.). ); Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to say that Siddhartha is an important part of Tantric Buddhism.
(translated from Sanskrit)
spelling rules
Each consonant letter in Siddhartha contains a fixed short vowel A. When spelling consonants and other vowels, write vowel symbols before, after, above or below the letter. Write with a brush, with no spaces between words.
Symbol used to indicate pure consonant, nasal sounds or exhaled sounds.
When a vowel appears in front of a word, use a separate vowel.
Siddhartha-style Sanskrit consonant string
In Sanskrit, if there are more than two consecutive consonants, half or part of them are closely combined to form a consonant string. The number of consonants in a consonant string is 2 to 5. Generally, consonant strings can be recognized, but some consonant strings are difficult to recognize, so be sure to remember. Sanskrit has more than 1000 consonants, Sidi Tanti.
Progressive article
Tibetan language influence
Many Chinese and Tibetan characters are transliterated directly from Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures. Such as "moments" and "bodhisattvas". Because of studying Sanskrit phonetics, China began to study Chinese phonetics from Sui and Tang Dynasties. The recording method of Chinese pronunciation-backcutting method is also derived from the analysis method of Sanskrit initials and finals.
Understanding the sounds of Chinese characters through Sanskrit sounds is one of the research methods of Chinese phonology.