What is the biggest gain from studying public art (music)

Zhong You has not only made important achievements in politics and military affairs, but more importantly, his calligraphy achievements are often praised by people and occupy a very important position in the history of China's calligraphy. According to Zhang Yanyuan's "The Book of Dharma should be recorded, and the names should be taught by brushwork" in the Tang Dynasty, Cai Yong was influenced by the man of God, and passed on Cui Yuan, Yue's family, Zhong You, Zhong You, Wei's wife, Wang Xizhi and Wang Xizhi. It can be seen that Zhong You is the second generation of Cai Yong's calligraphy. In fact, Zhong You's calligraphy art has made great artistic achievements, and it is not limited to one school. In Song Dynasty, Chen Si's "Shu Yuan Jinghua, Qin and Han Dynasties, Wei brushwork" described the successful course of Zhong You's calligraphy, saying that he studied calligraphy with a man named Cao for three years when he was a teenager, and later learned the calligraphy of Cao and others. Therefore, Zhong You, like any accomplished scholar, is the result of hard study. Zhong You studied calligraphy very hard, and sometimes he was fascinated. According to the book "Zhi Lin" written by Yu in the Western Jin Dynasty, on one occasion, Zhong You found a secret book of Cai Yong's calligraphy on the seat, so he let him read it. However, Dan Wei didn't give it to him because the book was too precious. Despite his hard work, Dan Wei refused to lend it to him. So Zhong You suddenly lost his manners, thumped his chest and punched himself in the chest, scarred. After three days of such busy work, he finally fainted and was dying. Cao Cao immediately ordered first aid, but Zhong You worked too hard and gradually failed to recover. In spite of this, Dan Wei is still a piece of iron core, ignored. Zhong You is very helpless and often has a headache for this matter. It was not until Wei's birthday that Zhong You sent someone to dig his grave and get his book. Since then, calligraphy has made rapid progress. It is also a novelist's fiction. Wei's birthday is more than 20 years later than Zhong You's. How could Zhong You steal Wei's copy? Moreover, Zhong You, as an important official of the dynasty, was so rude? But we can see that Zhong You did make unremitting efforts for the promotion of calligraphy. According to "Book House Jinghua", Zhong You temporarily called his son Zhong Hui to his side, gave him a calligraphy secret, and told Zhong Hui the story of his efforts. He said that he spent more than 30 years studying calligraphy all his life, and he mastered the essentials of writing mainly from Cai Yong's calligraphy skills. In the process of learning, regardless of day and night, regardless of occasion and place, write when you have time and practice when you have the opportunity. Sit and chat with people and practice on the surrounding ground. When I rest at night, I use the quilt as paper. As a result, there is a big hole in the quilt after a long time. When you see natural scenery such as flowers, trees, insects, fish, birds and animals, you will think of brushwork, and sometimes you forget to come back when you go to the toilet. Thus, Zhong You's calligraphy art is really the result of his diligent study and practice. While practicing hard, Zhong You also paid great attention to learning from his contemporaries. For example, I often discuss brushwork with Cao Cao, Han Danchun, Sun Zi and Guan Pipa. Zhong You is not only strict with himself, but also strict with himself. It is said that Zhong You's disciple Yi Song studied hard, but his grades were not very good. Zhong You berated them face to face, and as a result, Song Yi dared not see the teacher for three years. Finally, Yi Song finally learned something and became famous for some time. For his son Zhong Hui, Zhong You often exhorted him in every way, and Zhong Hui finally made great achievements. Zhong You and Zhong Hui are called "big and small clocks". Zhong You's calligraphy style is mainly regular script, official script and running script. Yang Xin, a native of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, said: "The clock has three bodies, and the book of inscriptions is the best. "Second, the articles of association, the secretary teaches primary schools; On the third day, I will write a book, and I will be heard. " The so-called "Ming Shu" refers to block letters, "Articles of Association" refers to official script (eight-point script), and "Xing Shi Shu" refers to running script. Zhong You's original calligraphy was lost in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Today, people see either a copy or a fake book. Generally speaking, "five tables", "six posts", "three monuments" and "five tables" refer to declaration forms, seasonal recommendation forms, joint tables (also called tolerance tables), adjustment tables and life tables. This is the highest artistic work of Zhong You's calligraphy, but none of them are original works of Zhong You. Chu Suiliang, the right army of Jin Dynasty, said in Wang Xizhi's Bibliography that the declaration form was a copy of Wang Xizhi handed down from Tang Dynasty. Because Wang Xizhi is also a master of calligraphy, he copied Zhong You's original works very successfully, from which we can see the situation of Zhong You's calligraphy. According to Wang Sengqian, the secretary of Wang Xizhi's great-grandson, the original Declaration Form says: The ink of the Declaration Form written by Tai Fu is a precious love for Shi Xing (Wang Dao), a sign of mourning and embarrassment. After crossing the river, in the right army, the right army borrowed it and showed it off. His mother put it in a coffin with her son's love all her life, so it was not passed down. Missionaries are the right army. Yuan Tiao, Mo Lifeng and River Street are also very important for later generations, but their achievements are also very high. The most credible report of the recommended season was collected by the imperial palace during the Tang and Song Dynasties, surrounded by imperial seals such as Li Shimin Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong, Xuanhe of Evonne of Song Huizong, Shaoxing of Zhao Gou of Song Gaozong, and Zhenshang of Qingganlong Ganlong, indicating that the above emperors had visited. After many twists and turns, it was destroyed in the thirteenth year of the Republic of China (1924), and only its photocopy has been preserved so far. In Yuan Dynasty, Lu Xingzhi praised this watch as "noble and simple, super charming, without the beauty of flower arrangement in Jin and Tang Dynasties", and it was "the supreme ancient calligraphy, the first wonder in the world". "Six posts" refer to the military platform of the cemetery (hereinafter referred to as the post of the military society), the post of yesterday's show (hereinafter referred to as the post of show), the post of riding in white, the post of constant bitterness, the post of snow cold and the post of Changfeng (the latter part is also called the post of Ancuo). All the "six posts" are temporary, and "Bing Xie Tie" and "Huan" are excellent works with high achievements and close to the clock body. As for the four kinds of "white riding posts", they have been copied by many people, but they are far from the clock body. The "Three Monuments" are the historical monuments of Han Yiying Libaishi (referred to as "Yi Bu Monument"), Shang Wei Zunhao Monument and Zen Monument, all of which are prints. It is impossible to verify whether they were made by Zhong You. There is a cloud inscribed by Zhang, a poet in the Song Dynasty: "A letter from Zhong Taiwei in the later Han Dynasty", but this monument was erected in the first year of Yongxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (153), when Zhong You was only 3 years old, which was obviously misinformed. Zhong You's calligraphy is simple and elegant, with alternating font sizes, rigorous and meticulous overall layout, and has made great achievements in past dynasties' comments. Liang Wudi wrote Twelve Strategies for Viewing Zhong You's Calligraphy, praising Zhong You's calligraphy as "exquisite and exquisite, almost the same as the machine". Geng Shouwu listed Zhong You's calligraphy as "above the top grade" and said, "The clock is natural first, the time is second, and the Xuchang monument is wonderful and extremely poor." Zhang Huaiguan even listed Zhong Shu as a "miracle product". In addition, Cen Zongdan in Ming Dynasty and Liu Xizai in Qing Dynasty all spoke highly of it. As a calligrapher, Zhong You's view of calligraphy has a great influence on later generations, and his calligraphy theory is fragmentary and scattered in later collections. Liu Xizai's "Outline of Art Books" says: "Zhong You's calligraphy says:' Words are also the world, and beauty is also human. "The Calligraphy of Jinghua, Qin, Han and Wei in the Bookstore also recorded Zhong You's similar words:" It is unusual to use the author's heaven and beautiful land. "The theory of calligraphy art based on heaven and earth and heaven and man refers to the natural spirit existing in calligraphy art. Applying the understanding of natural mysteries to calligraphy creation can achieve a superb realm and endow the natural spirit with a pen. It is precisely because this creation is associated with the natural Zhong Ling and Yu Xiu that it is called "extraordinary and unknown". In fact, this view mainly refers to the natural flow of books, plain and pure, and there are many people in the sky. Pursuing natural beauty in calligraphy art is an important aesthetic category in the history of calligraphy in China. Wei Heng's "Four-body Books and Official Feelings" contains a passage from Zhong You: "The change of bird tracks is only left-handed, which is beneficial to Shu, so it is simple from now on. If the stars are shining, the city is gloomy and the clouds are shining. "This sentence is found in the beginner's book, mainly about the evolution of official script and its brushwork. Zhang Yanyuan's "Introduction to Calligraphy" contains Liang Wudi and Xiao Yan's "Twelve Ideas about Zhong You's Calligraphy". The so-called twelve ideas are flat, straight, even, dense, energetic, light, definite, complementary, missing, skillful and balanced. Mainly refers to the pen method, shelf structure and so on. Zhong You had a great influence on the history of calligraphy in China, and has always been regarded as the originator of the history of calligraphy in China. He was the first person to write regular script in the history of calligraphy and made important contributions to the development of Chinese characters. Tao's Book History Society says: "The change of Wang Zhong can be divided into ancient and modern times, and the husband took the ancient law as an official, but the present law can be used as a model. "After Zhong You, many calligraphers competed to learn the clock body. For example, Wang Xizhi and his son have various clock styles. Later Zhang Chang, Huai Su, Yan Zhenqing, Huang Tingjian, etc. They all absorbed the length of the clock body and the essence of the clock theory from all aspects in calligraphy creation. In a word, Zhong You occupies a very important position in the history of China's calligraphy and plays an important role in the emergence, development and evolution of China's calligraphy.