1, seal script
Seal script is divided into two categories: big seal script and small seal script. Dazhuan mainly refers to the ancient characters of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Zhong Dingwen, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Xiao Zhuan is a legal script issued after Qin unified China, which was popular in Qin and Han Dynasties.
China characters with a long history germinated as early as ancient times, and symbolic characters appeared as early as 5000 BC. Although its writing function has not been freed from the simple function of recording pictures, its relationship with China characters is obvious.
2. Li
Before the emergence and maturity of regular script, official script was used from Qin Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms after the Western Han Dynasty. But its shape changes and beautifies from time to time. The official script of the Western Han Dynasty still maintained the legacy of the Qin Dynasty, especially in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which tended to be neat and exquisite. The knot is flat, and there are waves (Si in Chinese characters) in the strokes, forming the basic form.
From Jin and Tang dynasties to modern times, although all kinds of characters, especially regular script, prevailed, official script was still widely circulated. It is precisely because of the wide variety, diverse styles and strong artistry of the official script structure in the Han Dynasty that it has always won people's love.
3. Grass
Cursive script includes Cao Zhang and Cao Jin, each with its own influence and genre. Early cursive script evolved from official script and was named "Cao Zhang". It is generally believed that it is a simpler style than official script, and it is used to write chapters or articles of association. Cao Zhang changed Li Shu's writing style, which was horizontal, flat and vertical, and his pen was intermittent, and became a font with round rotation, alternating thickness and shape inspection. There is also a wave on the right side of the word, which is different from the current grass because it retains the meaning of Li.
According to legend, Cao Zhang was created by You in Huangmenling during the Han and Yuan Dynasties, and it has been passed down to this day with its "urgent chapter" (book passbook, etc.). ), later generations called it "Cao Zhang" because of its "chapter" (predecessors said "grass" also refers to grass creation). There is also a saying that Zhang, the emperor of the later Han Dynasty, liked cursive script. When playing this chapter, he was told to write in cursive script, so he called it "".
Step 4: ok
Running script is a cursive script or simplified form developed on the basis of regular script (such as regular script, official script and seal script), and it is the most common writing form between regular script and cursive script.
It is generally believed that running script began in the late Han Dynasty (created by Liu Desheng, a native of Yingchuan) and flourished in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It has both the rules of regular script and the flow of cursive script. The fonts are placed neatly, and the methods of regular script are more than cursive script, which is called "running script"; Writing fluency, cursive calligraphy is more called "cursive script" than regular script. It is easier to write than regular script, easier to identify than cursive script, and is widely used.
5. Kai
Regular script is "real script", "official script" or "regular script" The ancient name "Kaili" or "Jinli" was originally made by the people in the Western Han Dynasty. It is considered to be an elegant work, with many traces of official script. Regular script evolved from official script (including official script), which began in the Eastern Han Dynasty and has been popular ever since.
During the Han and Wei Dynasties, regular script gradually matured, and a lot of brushwork by Cao Zhang (Cao Li) appeared. The Eastern Jin Dynasty was the heyday of regular script, and the earliest existing regular script was only the works of Zhong You and others in the Three Kingdoms period. In addition, there was "Langbei of Wu Zhigu" and so on. Font strokes are similar to regular script, and some have traces of Cao Zhang. It should be noted that cursive script does not exist after regular script. Just like simplified Chinese characters, cursive script is much simpler and easier to learn.
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Ancient famous calligraphers
1, Wang Xizhi
Wang Xizhi (303-36 1, 32 1-379), a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was called the "Book Sage". Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong Province) was born, then moved to Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) Yin Shan, and lived in seclusion in Jinting County in his later years. Successive secretary, general Ningyuan, Jiangzhou secretariat, later literature and history records, right general.
His calligraphy is good at calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy. The style is peaceful and natural, the brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, and it is beautiful.
Li Zhimin commented: "Wang Xizhi's calligraphy not only shows simplicity and abstinence based on the philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi, but also shows harmony based on the Confucian doctrine of the mean." The masterpiece Preface to Lanting is known as "the best running script in the world". In the history of calligraphy, he and his son Wang Xianzhi were called "two kings".
2. Yan Zhenqing
Yan Zhenqing (August 23, 709-784) was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) and Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong). Yan Shigu V was a famous official, calligrapher and secretary supervisor in the Tang Dynasty. He was once a famous painter such as Sun and Situ.
In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Yan Zhenqing became a scholar and served as a supervisor in the temple. Later, because he offended Yang, the powerful minister, he was demoted to be the prefect of the plain and was called "Yan Plain" by the world. During the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Zhenqing led a crusade against the rebels.
Later, he went to Fengxiang and was made a minister. When Tang Daizong was an official, he went to the official department of Shangshu Province, and a prince and a surname named him Duke Lu, which was called Duke Yan Lu in history. In the first year of Xingyuan (784), he was sent to tell the rebel Li Xilie that he refused the thief in awe and was finally slapped to death. After he was killed, Cao's heirs and soldiers of the three armed forces cried. Posthumous title Si Tuleideng, posthumous title "in the text".
3. Liu Gongquan
Liu Gongquan (778-865), the word is sincere. Jingzhao Garden (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province) was born. A famous calligrapher and poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, the younger brother of Liu Gongchu, the minister of war.
Liu Gongquan became a scholar at the age of twenty-nine. In his early years, he served as secretary of provincial studies and was incorporated into the Li Ting shogunate. In Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong Dynasty, he served in the official residence and grew up in North Korea. * * * During the Seven Dynasties, the official was the Prince, and he was named the Duke of Hedong County, and the official was the Prince Taibao, so it was called "Liu". In the sixth year of Xian Tong (865), Liu Gongquan died at the age of 88. Got a prince's last name.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Calligraphy Style