Part one: The cuckoo sounds like the sunset in the cold spring days upstairs.
Bottom line: it's raining in the west window again, and the fragrance of red lotus root lingers in autumn.
It is composed of Nian Nujiao by Li Qingzhao (also called Slow in the Pot), Walking on the Sand by Qin Guan, Qi Tianle by Jiang Kui, Pruning Plums by Li Qingzhao, etc. It is a set of beautiful sentences with harmonious artistic conception and implicit meaning.
In fact, this is not only a fixed sentence pair, but also a Long Mendui. Unlike the couplets mentioned above, they are all related to some rhetorical devices or techniques. Long Mendui's characteristic is the writing format. As shown in the figure below:
As can be seen from the above picture, this couplet is written in the shape of a "door", which is Long Mendui.
Long Mendui refers to two or more lines of couplets, which must be written in the shape of a "door". This kind of couplet, the first couplet is written from right to left, and the second couplet is written from left to right. The previous paragraph is in the remaining blank of the upper part, and the next paragraph is in the remaining blank of the lower part. It is best to align the initials of the upper and lower signatures.
Due to the requirement of Long Mendui's writing format, Long Mendui is often presented in the form of calligraphy. Deng, a seal engraver and calligrapher in Qing Dynasty, wrote such a poem "Long Mendui":
The first part: Haitian, Chicheng Gorge, Emei Snow, Wuxia Cloud, Dongting Moon, Smoke, Xiaoxiang Rain, Guanglingtao and Lushan Waterfall, all of which are integrated with the wonders of the universe and draw the walls of my den.
The second part: Shaoling poems, desert sand paintings, Zuo Zhuan's essays, history, Xue Tao's notes, You Juntie, Nanhuajing, Xiang Rufu, Qu Sao, integrating ancient and modern techniques, set up my mountain window.
This pair of couplets has been recorded in the prose "Small Window" in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that the couplets written by Li Dongyang, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, only changed the poem Violet into the poem Shaoling and the poem Guangling Tide into the poem Guangling Pottery.
This couplet is exquisitely written: there are nine historical wonders of China in it, and the author ends with "Combine the wonders of the universe and paint the wall of my study", saying that these wonders should be collected, painted into beautiful pictures and hung on the wall of the study for the author to enjoy. The second part contains nine famous people and their stunts, and the conclusion is "collecting ancient and modern stunts, setting my window on the mountain", saying that these works should be collected in the mountain bookstore for the author to study and discuss. Rich in content, magnificent, unique in imagination and spectacular. The scenery written in the first part of the couplet is a wonder of the world, which is vivid in my mind; The next part of the paper, ancient and modern books, is hidden in my chest. If everything on my wall is beautifully painted, it can be seen that "wind and water" can travel in the sky; If paper and ink paintings are placed under my windowsill, we can be friends with the ancients, which is a pity.
In addition, this combination of Wei Bei regular script adopts the form of Long Mendui, with changing rules, symmetrical and harmonious layout, unique interest and great significance.
As you can see, Long Mendui pays more attention to the writing format and uses unique layout to make it colorful. Therefore, calligraphy is particularly important in Long Mendui. Since we appreciate Long Mendui, we are actually enjoying writing Long Mendui's calligraphy. For example, Deng also wrote a couplet for Bishan Bookstore with official script, but only changed Guangling peach into Wuyifeng, which is quite interesting compared with Wei Bei's regular script.
Another example is Long Mendui, the running script of the calligrapher He in the late Qing Dynasty:
The first part: See if the first Buddhist temple monument is next to Shanyin.
Bottom line: I got a 50-word praise from Songping, which is actually a fairy wind on the clouds.
In addition, Long Mendui is often used to write inscriptions or give them to others. For example, the one in Deng is used as a study on self-topic, and the one in He is used as a gift to friends. Zeng Guofan wrote such a pair of Long Mendui in the late Qing Dynasty:
Part I: A good man comes from suffering, but he will get nothing.
Bottom line: Things often go wrong because they are busy, so I am relatively calm.
This pair of Long Mendui is a couplet given by Zeng Guofan to Guo Songtao. Shanglian said that most good people have to go through hardships and hardships, so if you want to be a good person, don't covet convenience. The second part says that the world is very busy and it is easy to make mistakes in the process, so we should face it calmly, don't worry, and take it calmly. This pair of couplets is not only a warning to others, but also a warning to oneself, which has far-reaching influence and still has practical significance.