1, the characteristics of Oracle Bone Inscriptions
Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a character engraved or written on tortoise shells and animal bones, which already has the three elements of China's calligraphy: writing, writing and composition. His brushwork lines are neat and thin, straight and thick, and his strokes are multi-folded, which has an influence on the pen and knife of seal cutting in later generations.
From the perspective of structural fonts, the characters not only have changes, although they vary in size, they are relatively balanced and symmetrical, and also present a stable pattern. Therefore, from the perspective of composition, although influenced by the size and shape of bone chips, it still shows the carving skills and artistic characteristics of words.
2. The characteristics of bronze inscriptions
Bronze calligraphy in Shang Dynasty was produced on the basis of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. It has few words, slender fonts, vigorous and beautiful brushwork, heavy atmosphere, rigorous structure, dignified situation and its own charm. Someone once summed it up as two styles, one is thick and plump, with sharp edges and corners at the beginning and end, with a fat pen in the middle, and the other is thick and thin, with straight strokes and little or no edges and corners.
Judging from the style and style of calligraphy, the bronze inscriptions in the early Western Zhou Dynasty are generally delicate and graceful, with sharp strokes, obvious ripples, rigorous structure and free brushwork from beginning to end. The later style is dignified and bold.
3. Characteristics of Biography
One is a rectangle, in which the square regular script is one and a half characters, one character is straight and one character is vertical, and the approximate ratio is about 3:2.
Second, the strokes are horizontal and vertical, round and even, and the thickness is basically the same. All horizontal and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, and all strokes are mainly round, and the circle is round and square, which makes the circle lively and interesting.
Third, balance and symmetry. The division, balance and symmetry of space are the unique charm of seal script. Symmetry exists not only in left-right symmetry and up-down symmetry, but also in local symmetry of characters and left-right oblique symmetry of circular strokes.
Fourth, tighten up and loosen up. Of course, there are also characters with no feet below. The main strokes are in the lower part, and the upper strokes can be raised.
4. The characteristics of official script
The writing effect of Lishu is slightly wider and flatter, and the horizontal painting is long, straight and short, showing a rectangle, paying attention to "silkworm head and goose tail" and "twists and turns".
5, the characteristics of regular script
It gradually evolved from official script, which is more simplified, horizontal and vertical, and the rules are neat. It is a model of fonts, so it is called regular script, which has been used until modern times.
6, the characteristics of cursive script
The structure omits the deformation of the pen, which makes it simple and convenient to write. Omit the details of stippling, restore the shape with overview, break the balance, deform, exaggerate its potential, and make more room for emotional display.
7, the characteristics of running script
Running script is a writing style between regular script and cursive script. Write more freely and smoothly, and those close to cursive script are called cursive script; The writing is relatively correct and stable, close to regular script.
In the process of writing, the brush strokes are obviously manifested in various forms of stippling. This kind of brushwork often leaves a delicate trace between stippling and words, which is silk connection.
Running script is the quick writing of regular script, and it is the stream of regular script. Through the analysis of several groups of characters in regular script and running script, it is found that when writing in regular script and running script, the writing method of stippling and the principles to be followed when using the pen are consistent, such as centering, laying the pen, pushing the main body and hiding the front, while running script is relatively stretched and smooth.