Time: 21st of the fourth lunar month in 1809
Place: Baohe Hall Palace Examination
Format: Closed Book
Palace Examination Time: 1 day (about 10 hours)]
Candidate: Zhang Yuesong
Chairman’s answer: I heard that the study of Confucian classics is useful and the etiquette system is suitable for the people. Carefully choose the power of Zhao Jing and others, and save the affairs of Yu Lu and Yan. Guangdong Jixun, the classics and interpretations of "Dai Ji", Zhizong ordered all "Shangshu", "Wang Zhi" has essays and selections, and "Zhou Guan" has Cang Yi's palms. The royal residence of the saint is in Maomou, and the room is decorated with a cast-in-place gai. It has the function of reciting scriptures, uniting the people, showing the health, and hiding wealth. It is used to reflect the past and the heaven, and the system shows its prosperity, the brilliance is condensed, and the abundance brings its rest, and it is so gloomy and radiant! When the scriptures are cultivated, the sun and the moon are the chapters; when the ceremony is revered, the heaven and earth are positioned. If you choose wisely and build up reserves, the work will be done properly and the people will be safe. What was done in ancient times is like the thick sky and thick clouds, the network is sweet, and the admiration and flood are spread out. There is a reason for this. His Majesty the Emperor, De Guangmo Lie, wrote the poem Qing Ning, with the heart of maintaining prosperity and peace, and became a symbol of great prosperity. He has learned a lot, has good ethics, has good talents, and has endless joy and benefits. It's the Holy Spirit's love that rushes forward, leaving nothing behind. His body is infinitely good, but he can only observe what he said. Hereby, I wish you a long and prosperous life, and I would like to express my gratitude to you. This is a time for the whole world to celebrate, so that people can go sightseeing. The ministers are equal to the court, and they are responsible for the study of scriptures, the merits of worshiping rituals, the methods of enlightenment, and the tasks of enriching the people. The minister's ignorance is like the trickle of dust, and the ridicule makes up for the deepness? Gu Yi is right, and when he raises his voice, it should be played accordingly. Respectfully asking, do you dare not to recite the old news, to see the old skin, and to use the Cuizhi to gain a little enthusiasm?
Fudu Zhishi said: "Yi" was first called Hanxue, and the origin of its teaching and reception can be examined. Therefore, the meaning of all the classics is studied, and the gains and losses of the "Three Transmissions" are the same. I would like to note: Liu Xie said: "The three poles of Yi training are called the secret of the classics." "Shu" says: "The sun and the moon are the symbols of the Book of Changes, yin and yang." The Han Dynasty "Yi" was written by Li Dingzuo and was interpreted by three writers: Zheng Kangcheng, Xun Shuang and Yu Fan. Zheng is good at the meeting ceremony, Xun is good at the up and down of yin and yang, and Yu is good at the news. Yu is the best among the three families. The original title of "Yi" begins with "Qian" and ends with "Feng". However, "Qian Chi Du" says: "The Book of Changes started with Qian and ended with no relief. The people were cautious and in line with the king's law." In his exegesis of "Ten Wings", Ouyang Xiu doubted that it was not written by Confucius, and Li Qingchen and Ye Shi also ridiculed it for being shallow and crude, but there must be some essence in it. There are nine images in the Book of Changes, such as dragon under the stem, eight under the stem, two under the stem, one for clothes, one for officials, eight for Li, four for two for Xun, eight for Kunkan, and three for Zhen and Gen, which can be seen in the classic interpretations. Confucius deleted the book and traced it back to Tang and Yu, while Zhou Guanwai Shi was in charge of the three emperors and five emperors' books, such as the Five Codes and Three Tombs. Chu Shi could read it, and it was probably not a lie. Liu Xin and Kong Anguo both advocated this theory in the hexagram "Hetu" and "Luoshu". Kong Yingda's "Shangshu" and "Zhouyi Zhengyi" took the first "Er Nan" of "Shi", both of which were modified by King Wen. However, "Poetry·Pu" divides sages into "Zhou" and "Zhao". It is said that sages can cure difficult things and sages can cure easy things. "Poetry" is used for music, and it can be divided into emperors and princes. However, "King Wen" is for two monarchs to meet each other, and it can be used in many ways. Both Shang and Lu had people who sang its praises. Lu Shike asked for orders and became the king of the Song Dynasty, so he was dredged. Those who passed down "Gongyang" include Sui Meng, Peng Zu, etc.; those who passed down "Gu Liang" included Jiang Gong, Shen Gong, etc.; those who passed down "Zuo Shi" included Zhang Yu, Yin Gengshi, Jia Hu, Jia Hui, etc. The best of them all. During the Holy Dynasty, Jigu Youwen was born, and during his lifetime as a scholar, he was praised by generals such as Xu and Zheng, and Jia and Kong were passed down from his family. Binbin was extremely prosperous!
Zhishi also said: Classical articles and ways of profit and loss should not be prepared in rituals, but because they refer to ancient ritual books in detail, this is the foundation of sincerity and unity. I would like to note that both "Zhou Li" and "Shang Shu·Zhou Guan" were written by the Duke of Zhou, but their records are slightly different. Sun claimed that Zhou Gong's book was written by Gui Feng, but it was actually not implemented; Zheng Qiao ridiculed his detailed system and simplified it to Taoism; He Xiu thought it was a conspiracy during the Warring States Period, and Lin Xiaocun) wrote "Ten Difficulties and Seven Essays" to eliminate it. However, his book is vast and subtle, and it actually shows the beauty of the beginning and the end. How can we be confused and doubt the book of a saint? During the rise of the Han Dynasty, Shusun Tong sketched out the etiquette and created it in a sketchy way, which was not enough to show to future generations. Among those who wrote "Li" and "Shu" in the Ming Dynasty in the Han Dynasty, Houcang was the most important; those who annotated "Li" were most famous for Kang. The big and small Dai, their families are divided, Wang Su's "Shengzheng" theory "Li", such as Yu, Ji, Mingtang, etc., slandered each other with Zheng Xue, and there are five and nine schools that are regarded as Yishu. What's the difference? Wang Zhongqiu of the Tang Dynasty wrote "Kaiyuan Rites" in one hundred and fifty volumes, and Wang Yanwei wrote "Qutai New Rites" in thirty volumes.
He also wrote "Kaibao Tongli" and "Taichang Xinli" of Song Dynasty, and Du You wrote "Tongdian", which became popular because of Liu Zhi's "Zhengdian". Yang Shaofu's "Xu Hui Yao" was more successful than Su Mian's "Hui Yao". Either the system of one generation or the writings of several generations can be adopted. The regulations of the Holy Dynasty were well prepared, and the "Huidian" was completed in the 29th year of Kangxi's reign, and was revised in the 29th year of Qianlong's reign. The emperor specially ordered the opening of a library for compilation and editing, so that Pu Suilin can be refined and the brilliance of Fufu can be achieved.
Policies are also based on the way of employing people, which is to first have virtues and then talents. Because of the method of successive generations of elections, it is necessary to practice the discipline of officials. This is the power of sincerity and fierceness. Chen Wei: Those who controlled the prefectures and counties in the Han Dynasty said: "filial piety, honesty and talent." Ce Yu said to the emperor: "The virtuous and the upright." Deposing Hua and Chongshi is based on the promotion of the six lines and six virtues in "Zhou Guan". Wei and Chen Qun established the "Nine-Rank Officials Law", which states that there are no poor families in the upper ranks, and no aristocratic families in the lower ranks, just as Liu Yi sneered. The Tang system mostly followed the Sui Dynasty, with names such as Xiaolian Xiucai, Mingjing, Jinshi, Mingfa, Mingshu, and Mingsuan. However, the emperor himself issued an edict, which was called promotion and system, so he promoted his talents. When it comes to setting up subjects at will, even if it has the reputation of military strategy and grandeur, why not be as good as the virtuous and upright choice, and the fundamentals are not the same? It is in line with what Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty said: The establishment of departmental levels is to prepare for the flow of scholars and not to allow wandering officials to steal. This is due to the importance of sincerity. If the husband has the virtue of filial piety and brotherhood, then the son will be able to forgive and be honest, and no harsh thoughts will arise; if the husband has the virtue of integrity, then the son will be honest and establish a reputation, and the greed and competition will not occur. The way to study and respect friends is to be an official and to govern. Therefore, knowledge cannot be obtained by guarding the market, but how can fame be advanced by ladders? Honesty makes one hold one's bow more seriously than a jade, and one's determination is as sharp as ice. Then those with extraordinary talents and abilities will show respect and prudence, which will be appreciated. The emperor shows the balance of justice and benefit, emphasizes the importance of honesty and integrity, and those who obey the ancient times and join the officialdom should not fight for their own safety?
When making policies, food is the first priority for the people, and we must strive to accumulate and prepare food, so that we can store it for a long time and at a fair price. Chen Wei: According to the Rites of the Zhou Dynasty, people in warehouses can collect millet and put it into storage; travelers can gather millet from the wilds and use it; and people who have left behind can store up the accumulation of grain in the country, which is called a good method. Later generations, Li Kuiping and others, Geng Shoucang and Guanghuicang in the Song Dynasty all had plans to care for the people, and Shecang was good. According to historical records of the Yuan Dynasty, there were 14 warehouses in Hexi, 22 warehouses in the capital, and 14 warehouses in Tongzhou, especially the storage areas. The livelihood of the people depends on food. Sufficient food also depends on storage. Good storage also depends on luck. People in the past said that the most important thing about luck is that food is not tied up, the army has no debts, and the road is not frozen. Therefore, if you carefully observe the handover, the transportation will be easy, and if you rush to return it to empty space, the transportation will be unreasonable. This is the right way. If the husband's business is peaceful, the country and its people will suffer no major or serious disadvantages. "Guanzi" says: Those who defend the country only guard the valley. Therefore, abundance and decline are due to the years, longevity is due to the time, and dampness is due to the earth. Make sure that those who hoard are not in danger of decaying, and those who sell things are not in danger of running away, so that the rich man's warehouse, the merchants in the east and west markets, and the legacy rules and regulations can all be implemented according to their discretion.
The emperor nurtures all living beings, comforts and steams the common people, and cuts down the canals and flattens all major political affairs, and considers the appropriateness. The reason why it is a sutra for the people of Sri Lanka and the blessing of peace and prosperity is extremely detailed and good. At that time, when the people were familiar with the festival, they were celebrating prosperity, and "You Geng" was chanted. Is there anyone who doesn't strike the soil but sings and celebrates it? If this is the case, Qin studies the pictures and books to manage and gather their sources, and combines the classics and texts to neutralize and reveal their preparations. The first thing to do is to respect the tools and knowledge, and then the extravagant and flashy things will eventually return to the mellow quality, and the reserves will be abundant in Cangyu, and then the remaining ninety-three people will form their own Kangfu, ask the foot of the lotus sky, and lift the ground.
I hope that your Majesty, your Majesty, will be sincere and sincere, and seek peace and security. Today, the new and long-lasting sunshine will shine on you, and Xu Shenxian will be transformed into a province. The meaning of mediocrity; the order of chariots and uniforms, the training of officials is to be strict with officials; the planning of warehouses, the improvement of people's livelihood is to uphold the people's morality. Scholars pass on the classics, families learn etiquette, officials have kind teachers, farmers are happy and peaceful, and the emperor wishes a saint and a long life without borders! And the amiable Xichun, the joy of the summer, the ocean is like a fan of the spring wind, and the blessing is good. The country has been blessed with Tao for hundreds of millions of years. At the end of the day, I learned new things, ignored the taboos, worked hard, and was very strict. I was trembling and dying. I am correct.
Note:
"Strategies for Imperial Examinations" is selected from "Strategies for the Number One Scholar in Past Dynasties", which was published by Taipei Cantonese Publishing House in the 65th year of the Republic of China (1976). During the palace examination, Emperor Jiaqing proposed four policies: first, his views on the "Book of Changes", second, his views on the "Etiquette", third, the way of employing people, and fourth, the method of storage. The author cited classics, reviewed the past and discussed the present, calmly dealt with it, and won the third place in the imperial examination.
Zhang Yuesong
[Qing Dynasty] (1773-1842), also known as Zijun, also known as Hanshan (also known as Zhishan), Ding'an, Guangdong people. One of the leading calligraphers in Lingnan.
He was Li Ziyao’s first teacher. In the 14th year of Jiaqing (1809), he became a Jinshi, served as the chief envoy of Hubei Province and the nursing governor. The calligraphers Ou and Yu are as famous as Guo Lanshi (Shang Xian), Dali, and Chen Chang. At that time, there were many tablets produced by others. Painter Zong was born in the Yuan Dynasty and did not paint much. He died at the age of seventy. Collection of Junxin Caotang. "Guan Ge Jue Li Kao, Chu Ting Qi's old poems, Mei Zhi Zhai's essays quoted from Chen Qi Kun's calligraphy, Tang Que Shen Gong's collected works"
Zhang Yuesong, also named Zijun, also named Hanshan, Hanshan , named Jue'an, was born in Gaolin Village, Yongfeng Township, Ding'an County, Hainan Province in the 38th year of Qianlong's reign (1773). His ancestral home was Putian County, Fujian Province. He moved to Qiong during the Jiading period of the Song Dynasty. His ancestor was Qiongshan Yin, so he settled in Qiong. Mountain. Later moved to Ding'an. Zhang Yuesong was smart and eager to learn since he was a child. He took the boy examination at the age of twelve and became a disciple at the age of sixteen. In Jiaqing Jiazi (1804), he passed the imperial examination in Guangdong Province. After Jiaqing (1809), he was admitted as a Jinshi. He ranked third in the first grade and became the only Tanhualang in the history of Hainan. He served successively as editor of the Hanlin Academy and associate professor of the National History Museum. Xiu Guan, chief examiner of the General Examination, usurped Xiu Guan of Wenying Guan, usurped Xiu Guan of Wuying Guan, Duxi Shujishi, main examiner of Sichuan Rural Examination, Shaanxi-Gansu Academic Affairs, Wenyuan Pavilion School Manager, Shaoqing of Dali Temple, Zhan Shi of Zhan Shifu, Hu Yan's political envoy, nursing governor and other positions.
Zhang Yuesong was talented and erudite, and had a wide range of interests, including calligraphy and painting, law, economics, water conservancy, military, and medicine. He wrote 10 volumes of "Collected Works of Junxintang" and 4 volumes of "Collected Poems of Junxintang" throughout his life. , "Records of the North Journey of the Canal" 1 volume, "Training Records" 1 volume. Nowadays, many major libraries have collections. Zhang Yuesong made great contributions to Hainan's cultural and educational undertakings throughout his life.
Zhang Yuesong cared about people's disease control and prevention of floods. When he was appointed as the commander of the Jiangsu Province Changzhen Tonghai Military Preparation Road, he was ordered to control the floods. He took a small boat, braved the wind and rain, crossed the Yangtze River, personally inspected the rivers and seas, and took risks to supervise the officials and the people. berm. Zhang Yuesong was a Qingtian master with a "clear mirror hanging high" at that time. When he was appointed as the young minister of Dali Temple, "the elders covered the road and burned incense to see him off". Zhang Yuesong worked hard for the anti-smoking movement and had a close friendship with Lin Zexu. They were both strict prohibitors of opium. In the 19th year of Daoguang's reign (1839), Lin Zexu was the imperial envoy and went south to Guangzhou to ban opium. He first waved the flag and wrote anti-smoking memorials and related articles.
Zhang Yuesong died of illness in his hometown in the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842). He was 70 years old and his coffin was buried in front of Maotou Village, Jiazi Town, Qiongshan County. It is a pity that the cemetery was damaged during the "Four Qing Dynasties" and the "Cultural Revolution", and its stone pillars, stone railings, stone cattle, stone sheep and Weng Zhong were all gone. Before Zhang Yuesong, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, many Qiong people were promoted to Jinshi, but there was no one who was ranked first or third. Therefore, Emperor Renzongyan of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty was proud of Zhang Yuesong's high ranking and said: "Where can there be no talent!" Later, under Zhang Yuesong's direct influence, his eldest son Zhang Zhongyan won the Jinshi, and his third son Zhang Zhongxiu and Zhang Xiong Xiangye is also the winner of the exam.
Zhang Yuesong is a rare talent in the history of Hainan. He has made great contributions to the country and the people. The people of Hainan throughout the generations have been proud of him along with Qiu Jun, Hai Rui, Xing You, Wang Hongjie and others. .