Question 2: Why ink? Mo Ding grinds ink for painting and calligraphy on inkstone, which is commonly called "ink" or "making ink". This process, from the surface phenomenon, is that the ink stick is rubbed and the ink is separated, which is called "inking". At the same time, the detached ink is dissolved in water, and gradually becomes uniform with the process of grinding ink, so that carbon molecular groups are uniformly suspended in water, which is called "inking". But in essence, this process is the result of a series of physical and chemical interactions, which can be transformed into
"Decomposition", "dissolution" and "stirring" are three physical and chemical processes, which interact at the same time.
Decomposition is the process of separating ink from solid ink block under the action of mutual friction between ink stick and ink surface. This process is physical. Under the action of friction, the internal stress (binding force) structure of the ink, which is mainly composed of carbon molecular groups and protein gel molecular groups, is destroyed, so that the ink is separated from the ink stick.
Dissolution is the process of ink dissolving in water, which consists of two actions. One is that under the surface tension of water, carbon molecular groups and animal glue molecular groups exchange energy with water molecules, and the surface activity is enhanced, so that the molecular groups diffuse into water. This process exists not only in the process of "inking" but also in the process of "inking", which is a physical process; The second is the process that some carbon molecules or collagen molecules ionize and form hydrated molecules with water molecules, which is a chemical process. Diffusion and hydration are the main principles of ink dissolution. For carbon molecules, diffusion is the key to ink quality, while the hydration of carbon molecules is a "side effect", which is not good for ink color. Because if carbon molecules exist in the form of ions, they are not black, but colorless. The black carbon we see is actually a molecular cluster composed of carbon molecules according to a specific structure (for example, the element of diamond is carbon, but it is not black due to structural reasons). This molecular group has a stable structure and should not be dissolved or ground. For animal glue, the dissolution process includes both diffusion and hydration, and hydration is the key. It can break the molecular chain (peptide bond) of animal protein and hydrate with water molecules, thus partially releasing the freezing force of collagen and forming short-chain collagen molecular groups surrounded by water molecules. Because of its hydrophilicity, it forms a relatively stable homogeneous structure with water molecules and becomes a grid supporting carbon molecular groups. "Dissolution" is the main principle of grinding ink to produce ink, and friction decomposition only plays an auxiliary role. Theoretically, ink can only be produced if the ink block is put into water without friction. The quality of ink stick is the key factor to determine "ink" and ink quality, not inkstone.
Stirring is a process in which ink and water molecules are in uniform contact and dispersed molecular groups and hydrated ionic groups are evenly distributed in water through the friction movement between ink stick and inkstone. The effect of "stirring" increases the kinetic energy of molecular groups and accelerates the diffusion; It increases the chance of contact between molecular groups and water ions, which is beneficial to hydration.
Decomposition, dissolution and stirring are three physical and chemical actions that interact and occur simultaneously in the process of ink grinding.
In the process of ink grinding, inkstone is a tool for "decomposition" and a container for "dissolution" and "stirring". The "gravel" on the grinding surface of inkstone is considered to be the key to the quality of inkstone. The closer the stone is, the finer the "gravel" and the better the quality of the inkstone. The "gravel body" is fine, which makes the ink particles separated in the process of "decomposition" fine, thus increasing the contact area and opportunity between ink and water molecules, which is beneficial to the process of "dissolution". Under the condition of the same ink quality, the inkstone with fine gravel can be inked quickly, because the process of inking is carried out by decomposition and dissolution at the same time, and the finer the ink, the easier it is to dissolve.
Whether "inking" or "inking", the main function is the "dissolution" process, and the key to the dissolution process is the diffusion and hydration of animal glue in water. This involves the theory of protein chemistry, mainly protein denaturation principle and protein molecular decay principle. The glue in the ink stick is animal glue, and the main component is collagen. This protein is a high molecular compound composed of various amino acids under the action of peptide bonds, which has a tertiary structure. In the process of boiling and steaming glue, its structure is consciously and moderately destroyed, that is, it is denatured into the freezing force and viscosity required for ink making. However, its denaturation degree is moderate, and some peptide bonds are broken, but with the dehydration process, it can be renaturated and form a new structure. This new structure is reconstructed by the action of bonds. The so-called "100 thousand pestle" in ink making means that carbon molecular groups are evenly distributed in this structure in advance. >; & gt
Question 3: How much ink can one or two ink sticks grind? Hello, landlord! I'm happy to answer your question:
It is said that when a bottle of 500 ml of ink dries, it is just one or two 30 grams. On the other hand, it is said that one or two 30-gram ink sticks can grind about 500 ml of ink, which is certainly not a big problem, but if the ink concentration is different, the result is still very different, which can be 400 ml or 600 ml. Even from the point of view of thick ink, it can be 300 ml or 350 ml. So there is no uniform answer to this question.
Question 4: How to maintain pen, ink, paper and inkstone? Use and maintenance of pens and ink;
1. An inkstone: Put the inkstone in the upper right corner of the table.
2. Grinding ink:
● Pour water in moderation, not too much.
● When taking ink, the index finger should be placed above the ink, and the valve finger and middle finger should be clamped on both sides of the ink stick.
Press the ink hard and grind it slowly.
3. Send a pen:
● Soak the brush with clear water and soak the glue of the pen.
● Don't soak it for too long, so as not to crack the pen tube.
4. Pen lifting: Twist the nib at the edge of the inkstone to make it smooth.
5. Wash the pen:
● After writing, wash off the remaining ink on the pen with clear water.
● Put the pen on the edge paper to absorb moisture.
● Hang the pen on the pen rack to dry.
Question 5: How to maintain the ink block so as not to crack? Keep warm and keep it in a cool place.
Question 6: Ask professionals: What will happen if Mo Ding runs out of calligraphy? Mo Ding wants to glue the powder together and then shape it into Mo Ding. The more you grind, the less you disappear (if you grind the last piece with an appliance).
"Ten pavilions 10" is correct in front and unmistakable in the back, but it is illegal. 1, "Soak directly in water for a long time and use it as ink" can only be used for practice, otherwise "Su Mo" is more than "Su Mo", and the written words or paintings can't be mounted because the ink has lost its gel (because it is exposed to the air for a long time during brewing), and mounting will be very obscene, that is, "displacement". Another way to "break" is to soak, otherwise it is absolutely impossible. So this move is not high.
2. I am an old man, mainly painting. Pay attention to the use of old ink in painting. The longer the better. But old ink is very valuable, so I cherish old Mo Ding, and I can't waste it at all. What about the Mo Ding root of the rest of the pencil? It's actually quite simple. When you almost can't hold your hand, switch to Mo Ding, and it's better to be the same as old and new Mo Ding, that is, all Song Yanmo or all oil smoke ink and lacquer smoke ink. You stick the remaining "Mo Ding Root" on the head of New Mo Ding with China ink (the best one newly developed in New Mo Ding), and it will be fine when it is dry. If two contact surfaces are flat, it is almost an organic whole. It doesn't matter if there is a little seam. Every time you finish writing, drop the remaining thick ink into the seam. Don't worry, make a thin layer and fill it several times at a time. It will stick fast. Keep using it!
Question 7: The difference between ink and self-developed ink. 1. To develop ink, especially when writing important works or fine print, it is much worse than ink. Veterans must agree. As for daily exercise, it doesn't matter, as long as it is convenient.
Second, the ready-made ink is heavy in colloid and light in grinding, so the grinding ink is smoother and richer in particles and layers. Especially the old ink of more than 30 years, it is very easy to use and addictive once.
Third, good ink must be matched with good ink stone and paper to play effectively and endlessly, but in order to make the work better, everything is worth it. There is a cloud in Sun Shu Pu: "Paper and ink are in harmony." Is the eternal motto, unique but not false.
Fourth, it takes a lot of time to study ink painting, but there are two methods used by professional calligraphers:
1. Buy an electric ink grinder, but most products on the market are not suitable, and there is still room for improvement.
2. Ready-made ink is mixed with half the amount of water and then opened with an ink stick, and the effect is good.
Don't believe the sentence "Don't choose pen and ink" mentioned in some book theories. There may be less than ten calligraphers with this ability in history.
Question 8: Ask the master to help me see when this ink stick was made. True or false, 15 is the style of the Republic of China. Authentic products are collectible; The real thing must be well preserved!
Question 9: I have an inkstone, and I can ink it by adding water (neither ink nor ink stick is needed). What's your question, inkstone? There is an inkstone that can be inked by adding water, and the water at the bottom of the inkstone is inkstone!
Question 10: Can ink be put into an inkstone for use? Pour the ink into the inkstone, and the ink stick will be ground in the inkstone. There is no difference between the use and maintenance methods, and it will not cause harm to the inkstone. It should be noted that if it is not used for a long time, the remaining ink in the inkstone should be washed clean. The purpose of doing this is not because the residual ink will cause harm to the inkstone, but the longer the residual ink lasts, the more troublesome it is to clean, and that's all.