"Trumpet" is a famous piano in the Zhou Dynasty. The sound of this piano is as loud as a bell and a horn, which is deafening. It is said that Boya, an outstanding pianist in ancient times, once played the "trumpet" piano. Later, the "bell" reached the hands of Qi Henggong. Qi Henggong is a wise monarch of the State of Qi, who is familiar with temperament. At that time, he collected many famous pianos, but he especially cherished this "bell" piano. He once asked his men to knock on the horns and sing for fun, and he played the "horn bell" to echo it. The horn sounded, the song was sad, and the "horn bell" played a sad melody, which moved the waiters on both sides to tears.
2. Round the beam
Nowadays, there is a saying that "the reverberation goes round the beam for three days". Its language originated from a story in Liezi: During the Zhou Dynasty, Han E, a famous Korean female singer, went to Qi State, but when she passed by Yong Men, she had no money and food, so she had no choice but to sing and beg for food. Her sad song whirled in the air, like a lonely goose singing. Three days after Han E's departure, his songs are still lingering among the roof beams, which is unforgettable. The piano is named "around the beam", which shows that the timbre of this piano is characterized by its lingering sound. It is said that "Around the Beam" is a gift from a man named Hua Yuan to Chu Zhuangwang, and its production date is unknown. Chu Zhuangwang has been playing the piano all day since he got a "detour", intoxicated with the music. On one occasion, he did not go to court for seven days in a row, leaving all the state affairs behind him. Fan Ji, the princess, was extremely anxious and advised Chu Zhuangwang, saying, "King, you are too addicted to music!
In the past, Xia Jie loved' sister-in-law', which led to his death. Zhou Wang listened to decadent music by mistake, and lost his country. Now, the king loves the piano of "circling the beam" so much that he will not be in the DPRK for seven days. Is he willing to lose his country and life? " Chu Zhuangwang smell speech lost in thought. He couldn't resist the temptation of "circling the beam", so he had to reluctantly give up what one favours and ordered someone to beat the piano with iron wishful thinking, and the piano was broken into several pieces. Since then, the famous piano "circling the beam" envied by thousands of people has never sounded again.
3. Green Qi
"Green Qi" is a piano played by Sima Xiangru, a famous scholar in the Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru was originally from a poor family with only four walls, but his poems are very famous. Liang Wang asked him to make a gift, and Xiang Ru wrote a "Jade Fu" as a gift. This poem has magnificent words and extraordinary charm. Liang Wang was very happy, so he gave it back with his own collection of "Green Qi" piano. "Luqi" is a famous piano handed down from ancient times, and there is an inscription in the piano saying: "Tongzi combines essence", that is, the essence of the combination of paulownia and zinc wood. If you get "green", you will get a treasure. His exquisite piano skills coupled with the wonderful timbre of "Luqi" made the "Luqi" piano famous for a while. Later, "Luqi" became another name for Guqin. Once, Sima Xiangru visited friends, and Wang Sun, a very rich and outstanding man, gave a banquet for him. When the wine was in full swing, everyone said, "I heard that you play' Green Qi' very well. Please play a song to satisfy our ears." Xiang Ru has long heard that Wen Jun, the daughter of Zhuo Wangsun, is talented, proficient in piano, and has great admiration for him. Sima Xiangru played the piano song "Phoenix Begging for the Phoenix" to woo her. After listening to the piano, Wen Jun understood the meaning of the music, and he couldn't help blushing and longing. She fell in love with a literary talent, and in order to pay for "the encounter of a bosom friend", she ran like a residence at night and concluded a good marriage. Since then, Sima Xiangru's pursuit of Wen Jun with Qin has been passed down as an eternal story.
4. Jiao Wei
"Jiao Wei" is a piano made by Cai Yong, a famous writer and musician in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When Cai Yong was "a fugitive from the rivers and seas, traveling far away to the Wu Hui", he once rescued a section of Chinese parasol tree with abnormal sound that had not been burned out in the fire. According to the length and shape of wood, he made a lyre, and the sound was really extraordinary. Because there are still burnt marks on the end of the piano, it was named "burnt end". "Jiaowei" is famous all over the world for its sweet timbre and unique method of making. At the end of the Han Dynasty, after Cai Yong was killed, the "Jiaowei" piano was still well preserved in the royal library. More than 3 years later, when Emperor Qi Ming was in power, in order to appreciate the superhuman piano skills of the guqin master Wang Cuoxiong, he ordered someone to take out the "Jiaowei" piano that had been stored for many years and play it for Wang Zhongxiong. Wang Zhongxiong played for five days in a row, and improvised "Annoying Song" for Ming Di. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Fengnian, a native of Kunshan, still collected the "Jiaowei" piano made in Cai Yong.
Spring Thunder
Zhao Ji, Song Huizong once set up a so-called "Wanqin Hall" in Xuanhe Neifu, which was dedicated to collecting and placing guqin handed down all over the world. Among the Qin instruments collected in Wanqintang, the "Spring Thunder" Qin made by Tang Dynasty Qin maker Lei Weiyi is the first. From this, we can see the influence of Qin Tang's "Spring Thunder" in the piano field at that time, and its position among the musicians. The ancients said that "Tang Qin was the first to push Lei Gong, and the nine thunder in Shu was the only one." Among the guqin handed down from ancient times, Qin Tang is the most precious; Among Qin Tang, Leigong Qin is the most precious. Among the Lei family in Shu in Tang Dynasty, Lei Wei made the greatest achievement. The piano made by Lei Wei all his life is high in "Spring Thunder". Among the guqin products handed down from generation to generation, "Spring Thunder" can be regarded as the most precious and priceless treasure.
This priceless treasure has been handed down to this day, which is really a great blessing for the piano industry. Its legendary experience of being recovered is a fascinating story. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Ji, Huizong, loved Qin, and hid it in the Xuanhe Hall, ranking first in the Wanqintang. Zhao Ji has a very high artistic accomplishment and occupies an important position in the history of calligraphy and painting. Compared with college painters, his meticulous painting of flowers and birds has created a "thin gold body" in calligraphy, and Qin is one of his elegance. Up to now, there is a picture of Zhao Ji playing the piano in Panasonic. In the picture, Zhao Ji wears a dark black robe and plays a Zhong Ni-style piano, which may be the prototype of Spring Thunder.
After the Jin Dynasty destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin people loaded the treasures plundered from the Song Palace into 2,5 cars and transported them to Yanjing. The "Spring Thunder" piano also came to Beijing and became the first piano in Di Chin Palace, which was collected in Chenghua Hall. After Jin Zhangzong's death, he was buried with this piano.
After being buried underground for 18 years, the guqin "Spring Thunder" reappeared in the world and became a treasure in the palace of the Yuan Dynasty. Later, the "Spring Thunder" piano was awarded to the great pianist Yelu Chucai, the prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty. Yelu Chucai once gave it to the teacher Wan Song, an old man. Later, the "Spring Thunder" piano returned to Yeluzhu, the son of Yeluchu Cai. Later, his piano was owned by Zhao Derun.
in the Ming dynasty, "spring thunder" was introduced into the Ming palace. In the Qing Dynasty, the "Spring Thunder" piano spread to the Yuqin Palace. Later, the piano flowed out of the house again, and later it was obtained by the Buddhist dream of Manchu daqin. Later, the Buddha's poetic dream passed the "Spring Thunder" piano to his disciple Wang Mengshu (Wang Jingwei's eldest brother). This guqin has become Wang's family heirloom again. Now the "Spring Thunder" piano has been collected by Beijing pianist Zheng Minzhong.
Qiubo
The famous guqin Qiubo is handed down as a product of the Tang Dynasty, and its system is banana leaf-shaped. On the Longchi of the piano body, there is the word Qiubo, the official script, and the seal seal of "stopping the jade and ringing the gold" on the Fengman, with the inscription when it was rebuilt during the Jiaqing period. The broken pattern of the whole piano is "snake belly pattern", and the ancient color has experienced wind and rain, and it has become a spot.
There are few records about the spread of this piano. It is said that it was collected by Yang Wanli (Chengzhai) in Song Dynasty. During the Republic of China, this guqin was owned by Li Pan, a native of Xiangshan, Guangdong. Li Pan used to be Sun Yat-sen's attendant, and this piano is said to be a family heirloom, so his fasting was named "Qiubo Piano Hall". Li Pan's great-grandfather, Li Xialing, was a famous poet between Daoguang and Xianfeng. He was fond of collecting and had a large number of precious objects. This "autumn wave" piano was probably hidden by Li Pan's grandfather. Now, the whereabouts of this piano are unknown. It is said that this piano was only mentioned in the article Li Xiangen, a piano book for self-entertainment, published by Lu Danlin in 1947.
Tianqi
The legend of Tianqi guqin was made by Lei Shi, a famous piano player in Chengdu in the Tang Dynasty. On the dragon pool of this guqin body, there is the word "Tian Kun" with jade ribs, and there is the seal of "Ten Thousand Forever Treasures" under it. The inscription is as follows: the style is like jade, the style is like gold, just like my feelings, drawing my heart, and the inscription of Dongqiao. This guqin was handed down to Wei Yingwu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. The process of this piano wandering has never been disclosed, except that a scholar named Shi bought it back to Lingnan with a thousand dollars in Jiaqing years. In the Qing Dynasty, Ye Yingquan, a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, recorded in Liu Ruxiao Ji: "The Tianqi Qin was originally the property of Emperor Zhaolie (Nanming), but it was scattered among the people at the end of the Ming Dynasty. The ancient gentleman in Daoguang once used 5 gold medals. Occasionally, because he didn't quit, his waist was slightly broken. Fortunately, his voice was safe, but his ears were slightly bright for a long time. After the redemption of the code, it was re-heard into Pande She's house and built a collection of Tianqi Qin. I don't have a Pan Shi nationality now, and I don't know how to play this piano. "
Pan Deshe, or Pan Shicheng, is the owner of Haishan Fairy Hall, a famous garden in Guangzhou. Haishan Fairy Hall was confiscated by the Qing government at the end of Tongzhi, and its gardens and collections were sold by lottery. This famous guqin was then scattered among the people. For quite some time, people in the field of piano thought that this guqin was made in the Song Dynasty. Huang Yongying, a wealthy businessman in Guangdong, was overjoyed to receive this guqin with a large sum of money, and named his study "Tianlong Building" after this guqin, and invited the famous scholar Mr. Ye Gongchuo as the title. His own collection of poems is also named "Poems of Tian Yan Lou" and "Poems of Tian Yan".
Huang Cibo, a philologist who is also a Cantonese, wrote "The Wind Into the Pine" to chant this piano. Among them, "Cheng Lian went to Haiyunming, but he was helpless, and he wanted to play water melody, afraid of dragons, and worried about listening in his sleep." Huang Cibo is a patriotic businessman who likes to collect cultural relics and pays special attention to traditional cultural relics vessels. He also spared no effort in local charity education. Later, during the land reform, he was designated as a profiteer and landlord by the task force and almost died. Later, the South China Sea Farmers' Association thought that he was not a sinful person, and there was no blood debt and public anger, so he suggested that he should be released with a huge fine instead. Huang Cibo immediately sold a large number of collections at a low price before paying the fine. In this way, this guqin was included in the Guangzhou Museum together with other important cultural relics. Now, some piano experts believe that the piano was made in the Ming Dynasty. No matter what the outcome of this argument is, there is no denying the preciousness of this guqin.
Green Qitai
"Green Qitai" is a famous piano made in the Tang Dynasty. There are two guqin named after this, one is Wudeqin and the other is Dali Qin. Dali is the year number of Tang Daizong, and the Dali Qin was made in the 4th year of Dali, that is, in 769 AD. This Qin was still heard in the early Qing Dynasty, but it was missing later.
Wudeqin was made in the second year of Wude, that is, in 619 A.D., with Zhong Ni style, and the broken lines of the whole body are cow hair patterns. The word "Green Qitai" is engraved in official script on the dragon pool of the piano body, and there is no other inscription. This guqin was damaged in the late Qing Dynasty, and it could not be played in the 194s. According to Qu Dajun's Guangdong Xinyu, this guqin is owned by Zhu Houzhao, a Ming Wuzong. Zhu Houzhao was a typical bad king in Ming Dynasty. He once set up a "Leopard Room" for special enjoyment. This guqin was later acquired by Kuang Lu, a poet in the late Ming Dynasty. Kuang Lugong's poetry can play the piano, and there are many cultural relics hidden in the "Hai Xue Tang", among which two ancient pianos, namely "Green Qitai" and "South Wind", are the most treasured. Among them, the "Nanfeng" piano is Song Qin. Kuang Lu usually carries these two guqin when traveling. Sometimes, when he is desperately poor, he also temporarily pledges the piano to the pawnshop and redeems it when he has money. His poem, "Four Walls Without a Return", is about this. After the Ming Dynasty's death, Kuang Lu was calmly martyred, and two guqin were scattered in the city. Later, it was purchased by Ye Longwen for a large sum of money. This "Green Qitai" piano has been preserved for generations by Ye Longwen's descendants. At the end of Daoguang, this guqin was bought by Zhang Jingxiu, a native of Dongguan.
After Zhang Jingxiu bought the "Green Qitai" piano, he specially built the "Green Qilou" to preserve it. Zhang's family likes elegance, and his nephew Zhang Jiamo and his grandson Zhang Chongguang are all famous painters and calligraphers, famous gardens and famous pianos, which are legendary stories. In the early years of the Republic of China, the Zhang family gradually fell, and the piano was sold in Deng Erya, the same city, because it was damaged and beyond repair. Long live Deng Erya, an outstanding calligrapher and seal engraver. He has been in contact with the Zhang family for a long time and knows the significance of this piano. Therefore, although his income is a rotten piano, it is regarded as his life. He has repeatedly mentioned this piano in his own poems.
It is said that there is a kind of plant called Young Mermaid, which has the ability to appreciate guqin and knows its melody. When the ancients played a certain piece of music, the young corn poppy grass would be very excited, and the branches and leaves would naturally shake. It is said that this is dancing happily with the rhythm and melody of the piano. This piece of music was later named "Yu Meiren Song".
Before the Tang Dynasty, people who played the piano usually made their own. Later, when more people played the piano, there were professional piano makers. Experts in piano making have higher requirements on the selection of materials, modeling, painting and other processes. When Yang Xiu, the son of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, was an official in Sichuan, it was said that he could make guqin himself. Li Mian, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, was also keen on piano-making.
among the people, the most famous Qin maker in the Tang Dynasty was Lei Shi of Sichuan, who made Qin from generation to generation, and Lei Wei was the most famous. In addition to Lei Wei's piano-making, Lei Xiao, Lei Yan, Lei Jue, Lei Wen, Lei Hui and Lei Chi are also members of the Lei family. The piano made by Lei is called "Lei Wo Qin". They all carved their names on all the pianos they made. At that time, there was a famous piano player named Guo Liang in Sichuan. At that time, there were also famous pianists in Jiangnan, such as Shen Tie and Zhang Yue. Lei Xiao is as famous as Guo Liang.
it is said that although guqin is made of paulownia wood, paulownia wood must be preserved for many years to make the water dry thoroughly. In this way, the sound of the piano is beautiful.
A Zhang lei Qin left over from the early Tang Dynasty, the wood is so rotten that it can hardly be touched by fingers. However, its voice is still very clear. There is also a Zhang Baocun Zhang Yueqin, which is said to be made of worn-out coffin boards of Chinese fir in ancient tombs. The piano sound is very stiff and tall. There was a monk who kept a piano. Bizhu was used as the micro-piano, and the grain stone was used as the fret. The fret was the axis that aligned the pitch of the strings. The specifications and phonology of the production have reached a high level. There are dozens of characters of seal script written by Li Yangbing on the belly of the piano, which probably means the origin of this string: a piece of wood named Katura was obtained on Nanpi Island, and the wood grain was like silver powder and as hard as stone, which made people make this piano. The seal script is ancient and vigorous. Katsura is a rare kind of wood.
It is said that Fu Xishi is very particular about piano making. He thinks that phoenix is the king of birds, and it wouldn't perch on the tree if it weren't for plane trees, so he thinks that plane trees are very good wood. When he was making a piano, he asked someone to cut down the phoenix tree, choose a tree three feet high and cut it into three sections. The meaning of these three paragraphs means that heaven and earth are three talents. When selecting wood, he first takes a section and knocks it. If the sound is too clear, he thinks the wood is too light, so don't. Take another paragraph, knock it, if the sound is too muddy, think that the wood is too heavy, and don't; Finally, take a piece that is neither light nor heavy, and play it with your fingers. The sound is clear and muddy, and the weight is appropriate. Then send the wood into running water and soak it for 72 days. Then, take it out and dry it in the shade, and then ask a senior craftsman to make the guqin.
The materials used to make the piano are very particular, and the materials are required to be light, loose, brittle and slippery.
The face of a guqin is generally made of paulownia wood, with catalpa wood as the base. Use wood to make a harp, paint it, and use metal to make a harp. It is said that the best strings are made of ice silkworm's silk and are called ice strings.
after the piano body is made of sycamore, it is painted. After a long time, the paint surface breaks, which is called broken lines. Types of broken lines: snake belly lines; Some are like running water, some are like cow hair, plum blossom, ice grain, and so on. The cause of broken lines is caused by the production of lacquer wood, ash and tires. How old is it? Experienced people can tell from the broken lacquer pattern.
Guqin pays attention to care: both moisture and exposure will deform its body and make its sound worse. The ancients said that the piano has six taboos: avoid severe cold, avoid severe heat, avoid strong wind, avoid heavy rain, avoid thunder and avoid heavy snow.
Guqin style:
There are 14 styles of famous Qin in the past dynasties: Fuxi style, Shennong style, Huangdi style, Yu Shun style, Confucius style, Shi Kuang style, Yu Boya style, Zhong Ziqi style, Minzi style, Shi Cao style, Wang Gang style, Qin Yu style and Han Qi style.
Zhong Ni style, pearl-linked style, pearl-falling style, sunset style and banana leaf style have been passed down from generation to generation.
the ancients called guqin "elegant music", which belongs to a virtuous gentleman. This musical instrument can